Ichibi Aral: ulwandle, lowo ucela uncedo

Lake Aral, kanye obizwa ngokuba inokufumaneka ulwandle ukuya empuma yoLwandle lweCaspian. Singene indawo kwi square metres 65781. km, yaye oko kuyayonakalisa ubala ziqithi, apho ibekwe phezu kwamanzi. Kungani na? Ewe, ngenxa yokuba ummandla wayo kancane kancane, amanzi umphunga, kunye nakummandla wonxweme, apho agcwele kanye nobomi, liya iyintlango. Gcina ichibi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kodwa kufuna iinzame oqhelekileyo kwamazwe ezifanelekileyo umzimba wamanzi onikiweyo, kwakunye uncedo ehlabathini lonke.

A bit kolwazi jikelele

Beautiful blue umbala amanzi elwandle kwaye kukho inani elikhulu kwiziqithi - ezi mpawu zizakubalulwa echibini Aral. Ngokwemiqathango kwingingqi ke umzimba yesibini wamanzi ehlabathini ngamanzi netyuwa, kodwa inqanaba izimbiwa bathi olunikezelweyo ngaphantsi kakhulu ngakumbi olwandle. Ubunzulu komzimba yamanzi amancinci - ubuninzi oziimitha 75 avareji yawo kunzima ufikelela ukuya kwiimitha elinesihlanu.

Ekubeni gqira yenkulungwane lokugqibela amanzi kweli chibi kabukhali lincitshiswe: umphunga ngaphezu kuzisa imilambo kunye nemvula. Iibhanki enkulu kweli dama, ahlambe ngamaza phambi kokuba isaqhwithi, wakhangela phantsi phezu kwamanzi; ngoku ke amanzi efika ayikho kubo nkqu sisaqhwithi. South Bay Aybugir ezingenakulinganiswa iThames, ngoku womile.

Uphi na Lake Aral?

Ukuba abantu abenza umzamo, umzimba amanzi aya kusindiswa wayibuyisela ebomini. Ke, ukuba akunjalo, ke e-Asia, apho sibekwe ulwandle, entlango iya kugalelwa ityuwa isanti, nto leyo eyingozi kakhulu abantu. Usenokucinga Aral edikeni apho, nenzala yethu ukubakhangelela njengento wasentsomini, efana Atlantis.

Pond ohlala yinxalenye yommandla Kazakhstan kunye Uzbekistan. Ngaphambi shoaling kokuba kuluhlu nechibi yesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni, saya izikhephe zokuloba, iindawo zokuloba kunye nezityalo oqhutywa Ugu. Ngoku kuphela emangcwabeni ishiywe kwaye ngumhlwa iinqanawa embhoxo ngokuchuma edlulileyo lommandla.

Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba inqanaba lamanzi kweli chibi rhoqo ukuwa ukusuka kudaladala. Bamalunga nama-21 million kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, uLwandle Aral kwakunxibelelene kuLwandle lweCaspian, kwindawo ethile kwiinkulungwane 16-17, oko uMenzi siqithi, yaye ngenkulungwane yokuqala yeshumi elinesithoba, idike Aral wayeka awe kunye Zhanadarya Kuandarya. Namhlanje edamini undrained iye nemingenela ezimbini kuphela - i Amu Darya kunye Syr Darya, amanzi ezintsha ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukunkcenkceshela.

A ezimbalwa uwuphande kakuhle

Namhlanje iqulathe ezintathu echibini Aral. On yintoni zwekazi na, siye kakade. Ngowe-1989 ichibi libe yahlulwe elwandle ezincinane nezinkulu, kwaye ngo-2003 uninzi ukwahlulwa zayimimandla empuma nasentshona. Ngelo xesha Kazakhstan uqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla kulondolozo edikeni kunye eziphilayo. Wakha khona edamini ethintela ukuhamba kwamanzi, kodwa Uzbekistan eselumelwaneni akukho sizimisele imali ukuxhasa inxalenye yabo kuLwandle Aral.

Kodwa musa ukucinga ukuba ingxaki of the Sea Aral kuphela zasekuhlaleni. Kakade ke, lo isanti kunye netyuwa abachaphazelekayo balapho, phakathi, awayinyulayo inani irekhodi lamatyala zomhlaza. Kodwa ke umoya uvuthuza uthuli kude ngaphaya Aralkum entlango (ngoko ngokuba ezantsi elingumqwebedu kwechibi). Sand ifumaneka eJapan, kunye yaseScandinavia. Ngoko ke, yinto yokwenene intlekele eziphilayo kuzo zonke zehlabathi lanamhlanje.

Kutheni Sea Aral kufuneka bakhuselwe?

imvelaphi ntsalela le Aral Lake sisiganeko wazivuma. Kodwa ke kubalulekile ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba lo ukulinganisela shoaling yaye kuphela ezingazange zithi shwaka. Ngapha koko, oku kuxhomekeke ubomi wonke loo mmandla. Gcina Ulwandle kubalulekile kuba likhaya iintlanzi ezininzi. Nangona kukho iinguqulelo kancinane, kodwa iintaka - ezininzi. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba dama lo nzulu kodwa ezinkulu, ngoko ke amanzi aye ashushu. kweendonga zayo ezinabantu iingcongolo kunye esezantsi uzaliswe udaka, osisityebi izinto eziphilayo. Kwaye oku bume efanelekileyo ukuze yokuhlala intlanzi, leyo igama amatsha. Phakathi abemi kuLwandle Aral kukho neentlobo ezinqabileyo kakhulu ukuba zityalo azifumaneki nakwenye indawo.

Oobawo wayesazi malunga elihle eliluhlaza ulwandle emlanjeni Cheese, leyo ungena kulo. Kumaxesha uPetros Sea Aral iye yasetyenziswa kwiimephu yaseYurophu. Ngenkulungwane ye-yeshumi elinesithoba kuloo mmandla wakha ukuqinisa Raimskoe wayenothotho uqalise uphando. Kufuneka wenze konke okusemandleni ukuze azise abantu bonke ukuba kwingxaki edikeni, kuba ukuba uthe shwaka ebusweni bomhlaba noLwandle Aral, uLwandle lweCaspian inokuba elandelayo.