Njengoko Year New ke yabhiyozelwa eRashiya? History of the Year New leeholide

Kumaxesha amandulo, ubomi naluphi na uhlanga lwaxhomekeka ngokungqongqo kuxhotyiwe. Yamkhathaza imihla ngaphantsi ethile, njengoko ukutshintsha amaxesha onyaka kunye neziganeko ngonyaka qho, leyo kwaphawula ukuphela ixesha elithile kunye nokuqalisa kwelandelayo. Ngoko ke, ethetha ngaye xa nendlela ukubhiyozela Year New eRashiya, akunamsebenzi angaqondakali ukukhankanya imihla ethile. Abaphandi baye akwaziwa ukuba ezithile kwagqitywa ukuba bakhumbule esi siganeko ngexesha langaphambi kobuKristu (ezinye ukukhankanywa kuyo zifumaneka kuphela abalobi angaphandle imithombo), kodwa, njengoko izithethe zobuhedeni igunya ecaweni ibekwa na aphel, ezinye izenzo ziye nâzo encwadini yeembali kunye namanye amaxwebhu .

Njengoko Year New ke yabhiyozelwa Rus kubuKristu

Ekukholelwa ukuba nokuxubana sibhiyozele ukufika Year New ngomhla wama-22 Matshi, oko kukuthi, ngosuku kulingane. Lo mthendeleko kwanikezelwa ekupheleni ebusika kunye ukuvuseleleka endalo. Ngale mini, keyiki ezitshisiweyo (zazifuzisela ilanga) watshisa i obala ka Carnival, imibhiyozo abantu umbutho nemidlalo eyahlukeneyo isiko, yiya kumakhaya zomnye.

Kamva ngeeholide ezifana Carnival Nonyaka Omtsha, ahlukana aya. Oku kungenxa senziwe ubuKristu.

Kolyada: Amasiko

Ke phakathi kwezizwana zonke eYurophu (kubandakanywa Mpuma nokuxubana) kwakukho omnye umthendeleko, ezenzeka namhlanje, yaye iiholide uNyaka oMtsha. Waqala kwiveki yokugqibela kuDisemba (kwi-ikhweyitha) yaye yathatha iintsuku ezili-12. In yaseScandinavia yayibizwa weKrismesi, kwaye eRashiya - Kolyada. Le holide zingaphawulwa ukutshintsha amaxesha onyaka, kwaye ukuzalwa kwelanga omtsha (kuba nje kule kwindawo emini ziqala ukuba zinde). Kolyada kwaba ngumfuziselo Star kaThixo, ezigugileyo nge mummers.

Imbeko Christmas carols nemidaniso isangqa (ukuba abonakalisa intshukumo ilanga litshonile), eyayenzelwa esibanekile (kwakucingwa ukuba le mihla kwafika kwizinyanya ezifileyo kuye ukuba kufudumala). amasiko Year New eRashiya linxibelelene kakhulu izithethe Christmas carols. Koko zaye zongezwa kunye namasiko iKrismesi, zonke ezo kakhulu ngoxolo Bahlala.

izidlo Siko

Ingcamango kwelanga elitsha ezinxulumene nobomi obutsha nokuchuma. Kwimpuma uthixo Slavic wenzala (kwaye ngoko ke imfuyo) kwaba Velez. Kungenxa imbeko yakhe Kolyada kwagqitywa ukulungiselela ilofu (ekuqaleni - Korowai, isonka isiko, engena endaweni ithole umbingelelo) imanz - cookies kwi imilo iibhokhwe, iigusha kunye neenkukhu.

Unyaka Omtsha eRashiya wamandulo lubhiyozelwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu: esityeni eziphambili phezu kwetafile yaba ihagu. On wayezibuza ngaphakathi kwalo iya kuba yintoni ebusika kwaye alindele ukusuka kunyaka omtsha. Hayi ngaphandle kuti - okuziinkozo iqela, icandelo engundoqo apho ukhozo lwengqolowa - kunye Uzvara (iziqhamo yathamba) - compote leziqhamo eyomileyo. Kakade ke, asizizo zonke usapho ukuyithenga ihagu, kodwa ingqalelo kutya attribute ebalulekileyo ukutya (i nokuxubana baba amafama). Ngosuku olwandulela iKrismesi carols yotywala nayo agaye, pie zosiwe ofakwe ezahlukeneyo. isidlo oluninzi lwazo ingqalelo isitshixo wenzala kunye nempumelelo kunyaka ozayo.

Ubhala

Imbali Unyaka Omtsha mbhiyozo belusoloko sinxulumane nangemimangaliso - zombini nangolonwabo eyoyikisayo. Emva kokuba ubhaptizo Rus Kolyada yatshintsha Christmastide. Le ngcamango kweKrismesi noSuku Vasiliev (January 1), kodwa isithethe yahlala injalo.

Zokuqala iintsuku ezintandathu zomsitho babegqalwa ezingcwele, kwaye elandelayo ezintandathu - ezoyikekayo. Abantu babekholelwa ukuba emva kokuphuma Vasiliev imini ukusuka ezantsi yehlabathi yaye engavumi noomoya abakhohlakeleyo zijikeleza kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuyimfuneko mhlawumbi zelo okanye ukuqhuba kude. Zelo imimoya emdaka iimbiza isidudu ziya kuboniswa phantsi emnyango, balilahlela phandle - eyayenzelwa imikhosi ingxolo ngeengoma lwesithethe - carols. Abantwana kunye nabantu abadala babenxiba iimaski ixolo kunye neengubo kunye noboya waphuma waya kwindlu ngendlu, enqwenela abanini ulonwabo kunye nobutyebi kunye bechitha okuziinkozo. Iinginginya baba iyahlekisa ukonwabisa amaqebengwana okanye namaqebengwana - azo.

kubhula

"Winter" Unyaka Omtsha eRashiya yamandulo iholide ngokutsha ilanga, ukuze ukuhlangana naye ukuba ngeenxa entsha kwaye licocekile. Abantu babeka ingubo unworn ngakumbi, kwande ndlu, wenziwe amasiko zokucoca waqalisa izilwanyana ukuthetha. A yinxenye enyanzelekileyo le holide ukuvumisa. Baye asinda ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, nangona ibandla yonke imikhosi besilwa nabo. Abafazi ezibuza on Yanjengomthwebeba, nezipili, imisonto, nezibilini zezilwanyana, amaphupha, amathunzi, amakhadi, nemisesane kunye neebhalbhu. Ngawo onke amaxesha, baba nomdla kwizinto ezifanayo: ubutyebi, ulonwabo, ukuvuna, ngemitshato kunyaka ozayo. Njengomgaqo, nokuvumisa zicwangciswe sokuhlambela, leyo ukususela kwimihla ubuhedeni kwakujongwa indawo engcwele.

Njengoko Year New ke yabhiyozelwa eRashiya kwixesha ubuKristu okuqala

Ngoko ke, xa ifikileyo ngexesha zokwamkelwa ukholo esitsha 988 Eastern nokuxubana ibhiyozele imibhiyozo ezimbini ezinkulu - Mardi Gras kunye Kolyada, ngamnye leyo kuchongwa kunye loNyaka oMtsha. Kodwa kwimeko yokuqala, i-Year Elitsha ezinxulumene ekupheleni ebusika kunye ukuqala umsebenzi wokulima, ngoxa yesibini - kunye ukubuya kwelanga emhlabeni, Nosindiso phezu ubungendawo. Yintoni holide kubaluleke ngakumbi, kunzima ukutsho.

Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-10 imbali Year New mbhiyozo esoloko abanengxaki impembelelo ibandla. Nokufika ubuKristu, olu suku luye lubhiyozelwe ngomhla woku-1 Matshi, njengoko kwakusenziwa uBukhosi baseRoma. Ukususela amagama nyanga efana waboleka kunye nobalo (ukususela ekudalweni kwehlabathi). imihla offset engenamandla njalo, kwaye ezintsha wabonwa ngaphandle uxhathiso. isiko Shrovetide, njengokuya kwababemenyiwe phezu enekuku, imilo funny nokhuphiswano ezahlukeneyo, esivuthayo obala kobusika, baqhubeka.

Ecclesiastical New Year: Septemba 1,

Njengoko iminyaka ihamba, yaphela Kievan Rus. Year New usafuna lubhiyozelwa nge-1 Matshi. Kodwa yonke into yatshintsha iBhunga laseNicaea: kumbhiyozo-14 kwinkulungwane ye-Unyaka Omtsha (kunyaka omtsha) lahlehliselwa 1 Septemba. Ngenkulungwane ye-15, uIvan III wayalela ukuba siqwalasele le ekuqaleni imini kunyaka yoluntu kunye nebandla. Ukutshintsha umhla kwaba ngenxa ekomelezeni indawo ngurhulumente Russian kwaye ukwandisa iwonga yeCawa Orthodox. Ngokutsho ilivo, uThixo wadala ihlabathi ngoSeptemba. Kumazwe yayinemozulu zamva kule nyanga baphela umsebenzi wasefama, kwaye isithuba 'aphumle zehlabathi usikhathalele, "kodwa Russia lo mba kwimeko eyahlukileyo ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, lo zabefundisi yinkxalabo encinane. NgoSeptemba 1, imini Simeona Stolpnika, iirhafu eziqokelelweyo kunye nerhafu zihlawulwe. Isenokuba angenise amaxwebhu ezikhalazo kukumkani. Iicawa kuqhutywa iinkonzo zoluntu elikomkhulu Ukumkani wathetha ebantwini. Ngokuhlwa usapho bahlanganisana ukuze bafumane isidlo, badla Mead kunye beer. Autumn Year New lubhiyozelwe pre-Petrine naseRussia njengohlobo engaka ngexesha leKrisimesi, kunye Shrove ngoLwesibini.

zokulungisa Petrine

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ibandla Year New nangoku lubhiyozelwa ngoSeptemba 1, nangona ingezizo zonke amakholwa kwazi oku. Kodwa ke umhla yoluntu itshintshile kwakhona Bulelani kuPetros, abathi wokuguqula zijolise hayi kuphela eNtshona Yurophu kodwa kwi Balkan nokuxubana. Bonke begubha Year New ebusika.

Kwakhona uPetros waqala le "ngcembe" era - ukususela ekuzalweni kukaKristu, yaye hayi ukususela ekudalweni kwehlabathi. Ziqala kaJanuwari 1, 1700 ezixekweni sele abakhankanywe umlungu - kunye nokufakelwa nompleyini festive, umhombiso izindlu, babukele kunye leHamas ngemipu, izipho kunye kwimiju-. Yaba iholide yehlabathi.

Malunga efanayo njengoko Unyaka Omtsha ke yabhiyozelwa eRashiya, bathi ngoku. Kakade ke, abaninzi ndilibele amasiko kunye nentsingiselo yezenzo ezithile, kodwa yonke isithethe yaba enamandla kakhulu, yaye akumangalisi, kuba ngexesha le ebusika emnyama elide, abantu babe neemfuno eyandileyo bezonwabisa mbhiyozo nengxolo.