Museum Icebreaker "Angara"

Icebreaker "Angara" - inqanawa ngomphunga ukuba yinxalenye Soviet yokuqala uze ke Russian lwaphela. Ngaba wakha phambi kokuba revolution, namhlanje ozibandakanye njengoko inqanawa-museum. Kucingwa enye icebreaker indala ehlabathini, kunye neenkundla Swedish kunye Finnish.

Ulwakhiwo icebreaker

Birthday icebreaker "Angara" ithathwa Julayi 25, 1900, xa inqanawa laphehlelelwa kwilali larch (kummandla Irkutsk). Inqanawa ngokwayo yakhiwa kwi IsiNgesi Newcastle. In Russia kube uwuhlangule unassembled.

le nqanawa e Tsarist Russia Customer yaba iKomiti ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa kaloliwe yaseSiberia. Ngaphambi koko, waba amava impumelelo yokusebenzisana kunye Abakhi British - nokufunyanwa ngo-1898 lo icebreaker "izimvu", babesebenza echibini de-1918.

Zombini iimpahla bayalelwa kunye nenjongo enye - ukubonelela ngenkonzo wokuweza, ukuba koololiwe ngokusebenzisa echibini Russian. Ukuwela yaququzelelwa ngexesha de ngeenxa echibini elikhulu kulakhela noololiwe.

Phenyane "izimvu" esemncinane olomileyo, ngoko ke umsebenzi engundoqo "Angara" yaba ngokubekwa bayahexa leli qhwa ukuba umninawa wakhe omncinane. "Izimvu" ayikwazanga akuqinisekisi zothutho ekhuselekileyo impahla, ukuba umkhenkce liyajiya ngaphezu kweesentimitha ezi-70. Yaye kuloo lwemozulu kudla ngokwenzeka ukuba umkhenkce lowo mkhulu kakhulu.

Ngaloo ndlela, "Angara" yaye "izimvu" indiza rhoqo de 1906. Kwaba ngoko ukuba ulwakhiwo sama-izimvu Railway, kunye nemfuno engxamisekileyo icebreakers zaduka yagqitywa. Imali, njengokwamaxesha onke, akwanelanga, ngoko ukuze iinqanawa leminyaka azizange wayefuna.

Ubomi yesibini le icebreaker

icebreaker yakhe yesibini ebomini "Angara 'kwaqala ngo-1916. Traffic kwi sama-izimvu Railway booted yi eli xesha ukuze akwazi ukumelana nayo yonke ukuhamba kwezithuthi.

Emva kokuba ngoloyiso-Oktobha Revolution, le icebreaker "Angara", ezifana lonke ixesha kweli lizwe, uhulumeni. umkhweli lakhe njongo steel entsha.

Xa War Civil, yaqala uthiwe ajikwa ukulwa. axhotyiswe Its ngemipu-intshi ezintandathu nemipu machine. Oku inxaxheba kule kuhlasela ukuze atshabalalise iiyunithi Czechoslovak zomkhosi emi kunxweme Lake zamanzi.

Ngowe-1918, emva kokuba Lake izimvu amasolomzi ezandleni abamhlophe, "Angara" imipu kwaye zibekwe phantsi kolawulo izimvu yokuwela kaloliwe. Inqanawa kanye kwakhona yaba umkhweli.

Ngowe-1920, ngexesha esemoyeni, "white" ababekhwele kweso sikhephe lenziwe lokubulala nabafo abazizibambiso Irkutsk entolongweni. Abo babanjwa wayenokuhluthwa iimpahla zabo, bazizisa sizilungiselela. isigwebo sokufa wenza Cossack Lukin ngokwemiyalelo uLieutenant Colonel Sipajlo. Lowo ukubetha wonke umbanjwa entloko mallets, nto leyo loxolo yasetyenziswa ice pick. Emva koko, umzimba yexhoba abalahle emanzini.

Ngoko abulawe 31 mxhasi emhlophe Polittsentr - urhulumente-obufutshane, leyo wakhokela Irkutsk ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu kwaye ngokuchasene abamhlophe ezaziwayo-kakuhle Admiral Kolchak.

Red Army wabuyela Irkutsk kuphela kwentwasahlobo. Emva koko icebreaker "Angara", ogama photo kweli nqaku, kwakhona abizelwe emkhosini. Inqanawa yasetyenziswa ukujongana yokutyiwa eentloko ezaxhobela Kolchak kunye kappelevskih. Ngale ndlela, le icebreaker kwakusetyenziswa phantse ukuya ekupheleni kweMfazwe Civil - ngo-Oktobha 1922.

Icebreaker "Angara": Iimpawu

ubude beenqanawa kweemitha 61, ububanzi - 11 eemitha. Height - ngaphezulu kancinane kweemitha 7.5. Draft - phantse kweemitha ezi-5. Icebreaker "Angar" (Irkutsk) lenze ukubana iitoni 1400 of. Ngexesha umkhombe idibana zonke iimpawu kule udidi iinqanawa.

Icebreaker "Angara" yafakwa ngomlilo-ityhubhu boilers ezine lokomobilnogo uhlobo. Kwakhona ezikhoyo kwi-injini yeenqanawa ezaziqhutywa ngamandla omphunga ukwanda kathathu.

Speed icebreaker "Ophalaza" kwi km / h ukuba iiyunithi ezingaphezulu kwama-23. Kwenye injini elijikelezayo kokuba ifakiwe. Isitya eziqulathwe abakhweli 160, kungabandakanywa amalungu yabasebenzi. Yeetoni - 250.

Icebreaker eSoviet Union

Emva kweMfazwe Civil, le icebreaker "Angara", imbali yayo wayesaziwa kakuhle kubahlali kummandla Irkutsk kwaye kwakhona isetyenziswa njengesitya umkhweli. Ngowe-1929, yena ingqubene xa ebuya evela Kurbulikskogo Bay. Ngoko ke umkhombe wasindiswa, kodwa kuxhomekeke ukungcitywa enkulu inani elikhulu ukulimala kule ngozi.

Kuvuselelwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu yesibini, "Angara" kwahlelwa ukuba Meyi 1941 kwaye elinye ixesha ngenxa kokuqhambuka Enkulu Patriotic War.

Icebreaker kwimfazwe entsha

Ngeli xesha, i icebreaker iye isetyenziswe njengesitya impahla. Wayeqhubeka amaphenyane kunye nentlanzi. Kule isikhundla Wakhonza de-1949, xa kusekho kwanyanzeleka ukuba lenze kuncendile enkulu imeko inkenenkene kakhulu zobugcisa.

Ngeli xesha, naziphi na iingxaki engalindelekanga kunye nokusetyenziswa esitokisini ubudala. Ngenxa yoko, lo wokulungisa yalibaziseka ngeminyaka engaphezu kwama-10. Kuphela 1960, "Angara" aphinde akwazi ukuhamba nokuhamba. Kodwa akazange onwabe ixesha elide.

Ngowe-1962, i-icebreaker ekugqibeleni wagxothwa iimpahla lilungu fleet esebenzayo, ngokunxulumene nemeko enganelisiyo zobugcisa kunye iphelelwe. Ngelo xesha, indawo, "Angara" lithathe iimpahla ezintsha ze-high speed.

De 1967, bekukho icebreaker kwi sump, koko wathunyelwa Irkutsk Reservoir. Apho waqalisa ukusebenzisa ezinye iinjongo isebe DOSAAF yasekuhlaleni.

metal ongenanto

"Baleka kwi inaliti" okanye "sambathe intsimbi '- ngoko ukuthetha malunga iinqanawa kuyekiswa, leyo alinde kulahlwa. Ngoko kusenokwenzeka ukuba bebonke isiphelo sinye ilindelwe "Angara", kodwa yena wahlangulwa yi ithuba lucky.

Malunga icebreaker lulibele. Yena akazange kunqunyulwa intsimbi, njengokuba kuye kwenzeka kwiimeko ezifanayo. Kwaye inqanawa iminyaka emininzi wema Irkutsk Reservoir.

Ndakhumbula malunga isitya kuphela ngowe-1982, xa kwagqitywa ekubeni bemlandela ukuba isikhululo Irkutsk kagesi. I sikhephe kumbindi wesixeko, kwagqitywa ukuvula imbali imyuziyam basekhaya noseko lwalo.

Icebreaker sipakwe kulo ebumelwaneni Sunny (Irkutsk). Le myuziyam akazange abe nexesha lokwenza. Ngowe-1983, umlilo enkulu kusiliwa isitya. Malitshiswe phantse ngokupheleleyo kwaye kwakhona phantse warhaxwa. Kule meko, nokuba-4 iminyaka icebreaker ndayichitha Irkutsk Reservoir.

ukubuyiselwa lomkhumbi

Bonke-Russian Society for Ukukhuselwa ezeMbali kunye Monuments eNkcubeko, kwagqitywa ekubeni kwi kukubuyisela kwayo icebreaker "Angara". Museum - ukuba unako ukusebenzisa inqanawa yintoni injongo kunye nembali elide nezinomtsalane. Umsebenzi kwingqiqo lo mbono bakwenzayo kwenzeka kwiminyaka emithathu.

NgoNovemba 1990, inqanawa ngafakwa ngokusesikweni ngomhla yokupaka obungunaphakade Irkutsk Reservoir.

Kwinkcazelo museum

Ukususela ngoko, imyuziyam isebenza ngokusekelwe kule nqanawa. Icebreaker "Angara" (Irkutsk) itshintshile kwakhona ukubonakala kwaso, waza waqalisa eli xesha lokuba bathathe kwibhodi zonke ukubenza.

Lo mboniso iphambili myuziyam yahlulwe ezimbini eziphambili. Abaqalayo ukuya uxelele imbali yeNavigeyishini edikeni lwekhulu ngaphezu kwesinye, ngoko ibali ngokwayo icebreaker "Angara".

Onesethi yokuqala yamaxwebhu imiboniso azinikele imbali jikelele yeNavigeyishini kule mimandla yahlulwe yangamacandelo eziliqela. Le nolwazi indlela yobomi nendlela yokuphila kwezi ndawo zaseSiberia ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Kwakhona thaca iinkcukacha lokuthumela karhulumente-: Irkutsk Admiralty, nto leyo inoxanduva zonke iinqanawa moorings izihlandlo ka Tsarist Russia, kunye Navigation School, ukuqeqesha kubathetheli ezintsha kunye namagosa aselwandle.

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe umsebenzi iinkampani eenqanawa zabucala phezu kolwandle. Omnye wabo nje icebreaker eziphantsi "Angara". Iindwendwe Unokufunda kuphuhliso izimvu yokuwela kaloliwe, emva kokwakhiwa enalo enye umzila. Ngenyameko ixesha lethu sifunda kwimbali East Siberian Shipping Company.

Kwinxalenye lo mboniso, nto leyo Eyokuba icebreaker ngqo, ithetha iifoto yoqobo kunye nobungqina obubhaliweyo Isiphelo sakhe siye savela. Uyakwazi ukubona izinto zobuqu izisebenzi bangaphambili. Ukhenketho iphela phezu umkhumbi kwigumbi injini ye - intliziyo nasiphi na isithuthi. Apha ungabona ngawethu ukusebenza kumatshini, ezakhiwe inkampani yaseBritani.

izinduna icebreaker

Kuba isiphelo sazo phezu icebreaker ndiye ndatyelela umthetheli ngaphezu kwesinye, phila i "Angara". Ulawulo yokuqala womthetheli isikhephe wathabatha phezu Mazur ngo-1900. Le yokugqibela - UNikolai Zubkov, ekugqibeleni ukubeka yenqanawa kwizibuko ngo-1963.

A indima enkulu bayahlelwa "Angara" wadlala George Lazo. Yena inzalelwane Irkutsk, kwiminyaka 14 omncinci ngaphezu icebreaker. Malunga matiloshe umsebenzi waphupha esemncinane. Emva kokuba isicwangciso seminyaka esixhenxe ukwenza nayiphi na iikholeji abakwazanga waya Listvyanka phezu pier. Waqala ukusebenza njengomatiloshe, xa wayeneminyaka eli-16 kuphela ubudala.

Ndibuya kuhambo, wangena izifundo yomphathi waza wafumana isihloko esifanelekileyo. Ukususela ngo-1941, wasebenza okokuqala nje umphathi oncedisayo kwi "Angara", uze ngqo kumthetheli.

Lazo wakhokelela ekuyilweni yenqanawa slipway ngo-1953, xa inqanawa ufuna ngokunzulu ukulungiswa.

Njani kwi umaphuli ice "Angara"?

Ukuze ubone esikhepheni ngamehlo akho, kufuneka kuza umntu Irkutsk. Apha ungenza kuphela kulinandipha ubuhle chibi, kodwa kwakhona ukuba le nqanawa kaHomer.

Yena ndiyibeke le Irkutsk emanzini ichibi ebumelwaneni Sunny. Le ingcaciso ifumaneka iintsuku ezintlanu kawonke ngeveki, ngaphandle ngoMvulo nangoLwesibini. Iingcango museum-icebreaker zivuleleke ukusuka 10.00 ukuya 18,00.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le projekthi non-inzuzo, yona efumana akukho uncedo lwemali ukusuka kurhulumente. Umbhali uMdali kunye nokwakheka ephambili uyaziwa Irkutske ntliziyo Edward Gavayler.

Ngelo xesha linye i-project sele ngokuphindaphindiweyo sele kuqatshelwe kwi ezahlukeneyo zokhuphiswano myuziyam. Ngoko ke, wafumana idiploma ye isidanga sokuqala kwi "Izikhumbuzo Yembali looMawokhulu yam encinane" ngo-2003. Ngamanye amabhaso yayo esebenzayo kunye ezininzi ezidumileyo.