Njengoko bar ikhowudi ukukhangela ubunyani

sijongene nenkqubo Phantse yonke imihla ukufunda kwebhakhowudi, sithenga evenkileni. Yiyo le phawu yinto efunekayo iimveliso yokuchonga kwaye inika inkcazelo malunga nabo imali eyaneleyo ukwenza ukuthenga.

Ngoko ke, ngoncedo lwe umfundi lwe khowudi bar ingafunyanwa kwi data lizwe kunye umenzi ethile imveliso, iimpawu ezikhethekileyo (ikhowudi, umbala, ubungakanani, igama, njl) yayo, Njengokuba kwakunye ukujonga ubunyaniso eliboniswe kulwazi lwethikh i yathelekiswa nedatha ezifunyenweyo . Konke oku kuvumela umthengi isicelo ukuya kwebhakhowudi nokupakishwa yezothutho okanye. Khangela ukuba nenyani iimpahla ilula. Kweli nqaku sijonga indlela oku kunokwenziwa, kwakunye uhlaziye ngokweenkcukacha oko ikhowudi elinikiweyo, ukufunda njani yaye kutheni kubalulekile ukwazi kubhalo.

Yebhakhowudi: ntoni na nokuba yintoni uhlobo lwe data iqulethe

Le khowudi luhlobo uphawu, esivumela ukuphawulwa kwempahla ngokufunda sakhe isixhobo ekhethekileyo-elektroniki. A barcode yi umfanekiso ngokohlobo imivumbo kunye amanani, olusetyenziswa nokupakishwa kweemveliso iqulathe inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga naye. Ukuze uyifumane, kufuneka ukucazulula abalinganiswa ahambelanayo. Ngenxa umthetho, ukuba ezilishumi elinesithathu okanye ezisibhozo (iinketho ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kweli lizwe lethu).

ikhowudi ye-bha inombolo engama-13 ebizwa ngokuba EAN-13 yaye libhekisela yaseYurophu Inqaku ukubala Association. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu ikhowudi equka 8 digits, EAN-8. Lisetyenziswa kwi diphu ubukhulu encinane. Kukho kwakhona ziinkqubo ngenxa ikhowudi zokuhlala kunye nentlawulo amaxwebhu, nayo ehambelanayo ne EAN.

Yiyiphi inkcazelo uphethe ikhowudi ibha? Khangela phezu kwalo guqulelwa kwi khowudi ngamanani kunye nolwazi malunga bands:

• lizwe apho khowudi ibhanki data;
• kwilizwe imvelaphi impahla;
• imveliso;
• inombolo control (ngakumbi ngaloo ngezantsi).

Indlela ukukwenza oko? Makhe sibone.

Utyhila izinto ezifihlakeleyo ikhowudi bar

I encoding loonobumba exube ikhutshwa phandle ekukhanyeni kunye bands ezimnyama ububanzi ezahlukeneyo, ngelinye-nye, - imivalo kunye izithuba. Le yunithi evunywe yi kwimodyuli ububanzi bar - 0,33 mm (i bar kwaza okanye indawo). Iimodyuli ezisixhenxe, abahamba imivumbo ezimbini kunye neendawo ezimbini uku encoder a barcode elinye. Ububanzi ngamnye kubo ziyahluka ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kutsho kuma-iimodyuli ezintathu. Umzekelo: izakuvela inani "4" njengoko kulandelelwano ifomu "1011100". Ngokufanayo, uphawu nganye ikhowudi umelwe. Malunga yintoni na ezi manani ukuthini?

1. Umvo lokuqala (ezimbini okanye ezintathu) siqulathe ulwazi malunga kwilizwe awazalelwa kuyo impahla. Kwamanye amazwe yintlanganisela ezahlukeneyo eziliqela amanani (ngenxa omkhulu) ezakha barcode. Jonga ukuba libe kwimeko ethile banokuba kubalawuli ezizodwa okanye kwizixhobo ezininzi online. Kuba Russia, ivela 460 ukuya 469, China - 690, UK - 50, eJamani - ukusuka 400 ukuya 440, njalo-njalo ..
2. La manani alandelayo (ezintlanu) zibonisa kwinkampani ethile, impahla eyenziweyo. Le khowudi yabelwa igunya yesizwe lizwe apho umbutho bobabo.
3. Okulandelayo (kwakhona ezintlanu) - digit yorhwebo ikhowudi ukuthi ichaza okanye kwishishini-umvelisi okanye umthengisi ngohlobo inombolo yobhaliso phakathi mbutho. Yintoni olufihlwe kula manani? Khangela ukuba imveliso yebhakhowudi banokuba iinkcukacha ezifana negama, ubukhulu kunye nobunzima, umbala grade kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezithile.
4. Umvo wokugqibela ikhowudi - inombolo yolawulo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ufunde vuavanyisi ingcaciso kwi khowudi bar. Eli nani ibalwa ngokusebenzisa algorithm ezizodwa, apho siza kuqwalasela ngezantsi.

Le yebhakhowudi digit ngetshekhi: ukuba bahlole

Khangela ikhowudi bar kwi sokunyaniseka akwazi zicaciswe mzobo ezinjalo. Indlela ukukwenza oko? Kuyimfuneko ukwenza izibalo ngokwezi algorithm ilandelayo:

1. inani nganye, ngaphandle kokuba yokugqibela, umiselwe ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-12 ukuze.
2. Ezi zibalo ngokuhlwa kwiindawo (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 no-12-I), yabhalwa, kunye nexabiso isiphumo yande nge-3.
3. digits yabhalwa akhiwe kwizikhundla odd (1, 3, 5, 7, 9 no-11-I).
4. Iziphumo iingongoma wesibini nowesithathu kwaye yabhalwa. Inani amathuba amanani amabini okanye amathathu.
5. Xa inani lokugqibela abashiya inani lokugqibela kuphela. Oku sisuswe ezilishumi.

Umahluko iziphumo ziya kuba umvo itshekhi, i ikhowudi bar. Khangela semthethweni algorithm, unako ngumnini, ukuthatha amanani ikhowudi kwi naliphi na ilungelo ziyafumaneka imveliso yakho ngokulula.

NeeBhari kunye nezithuba

Ulwazi lwenziwa kuphela amanani kodwa ichukumisa emathutyeni, kwakunye ububanzi babo indibaniselwano phakathi kwabo. Size Standard Code EAN-13 31,35 mm. Ngelo xesha emhlabeni ikhowudi ye-bha kufuneka isithuba simahla, nto leyo eyandisa nobubanzi baso besiqhelo efikelela kwi 37,29 mm. Kukwafakwe kwakhona kubonisa isiqalo nesiphelo scan - side ecaleni kungqameko ikhowudi imivumbo. Kule bands efanayo kakhulu amanani zombhalo ziboniswe kwi bar ikhowudi iimpahla. Malunga nendlela enkhowudwa ngayo, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla.

Ukukhangela yebhakhowudi: indlela nesizathu sokuba

Wonke umntu ufuna ukuthenga impahla yokwenene, hayi elungileyo (okanye embi) fakes wazifihla. Oku akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba ukujonga ngokubona, original okanye ikopi. amaxesha amaninzi ezi ngxaki kwenzeka xa uthenga yemiyinge iimpahla. Kulo meko, ungakwazi ukukhangela ilizwe imvelaphi ikhowudi bar kwaye ufumane ulwazi malunga nemvelaphi lokwenyaniso yempahla. Ukuze ezi njongo, kukho iinkonzo ezikhethekileyo online. Faka imivo olungqamelanayo kwi window data, uya kufunda apho kwaye ngubani iimveliso zenziwa kunye a barcode ethile. Amaxesha amaninzi kwileyibhile / ithegi nombhalo lizobe "Made in France" okanye "Made in USA", kodwa enyanisweni into yinto eqhelekileyo iimpahla yabathengi Chinese.

Nangona kunjalo ulwazi asifani ingadityaniswa nezinye izinto:

• impahla ezenziwe ukuya oluncedisayo ibekwe kwelinye ilizwe;
• imveliso kwelinye ilizwe kodwa phantsi mvume evela kwelinye ilizwe;
• Abaseki Inkampani iinkampani Ibhaliswe ku States ezahlukeneyo;
• inkampani wafumana ikhowudi kweli lizwe, awamthumayo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.

Kule meko kuyimfuneko ukuba afunde banzi ngale mveliso kunye neempawu yomsebenzi wakhe. Hi ndlela leyi, hayi ke kungekudala kwixesha elidlulileyo kwakukho izicelo ezizodwa Smartphones, ngokuvumela ukukhangela imveliso ikhowudi bar evenkileni, ukufumana ulwazi ngokupheleleyo ngazo ngaphandle uncedo.

Iikhowudi zeposi bar

Olu phawu asiyo ezintsha kubantu abaninzi, ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha odola nantoni kwi Internet. Namhlanje kunokwenzeka ukukhangela kwebhakhowudi ipasile nokuyifumana ngayo xa isekhona endleleni. Le khowudi (leyo eyabelwe zonke izinto) ngexesha elifanayo le ebonakalisayo imeyile enokusetyenziswa ukujonga iposi. Wangena nezibonelelo ezikhethekileyo (online Russian Post okanye ezinye iinkonzo "weendawo") yaye inika ingcaciso izinto zeposi ezisisiseko Kwadlula kunye imo "unyango" (kuyilwa, ezihambe ngayo, ukuziswa) ulawulo, ubunzima bayo, uhlobo njalo njalo.

Njengoko kukho ezinye iipasile umahluko barcode. Kwakhona zibandakanya inani nemivo-13 (ngo-Russia - 14), kodwa amaxabiso ezinye:

• eziyi-6 zokuqala - ikhowudi umamkeli;
• 7, 8 th - ngenyanga zokusuka;
• 9-13 amanani th - inombolo ipasile;
• 14 - ixabiso reference.

Ngaloo ndlela, ukwazi kwebhakhowudi, uyakwazi ujonge ukuba ipasile lakho kwaye ufumane ulwazi malunga nayo, xa kuthe endleleni.

isiphelo

Lo mfanekiso oluthi lusetyenziswe nokupakishwa wavelisa yaye nayiphi na impahla yorhwebo Izakhiwo kuthiwa ikhowudi bar. Jonga ngoncedo it ungakwazi iinkcukacha imveliso, nomakhi wayo kunye kwilizwe lemvelaphi, kwakunye ukuchonga sokunyaniseka ulwazi oluchaziweyo kwileyibhile / nokupakishwa. Ukongeza, barcodes ezizodwa lweleta zisetyenziselwa ukuchonga nokulandela thuba lokusiwa. Olu phawu yeyona nto ibalulekileyo zokuqatshelwa automated kwempahla ehlabathini lonke.