Njani ntshulube abantu (bona ifoto). iintlobo ziimpethu

Iintshulube ukuba parasitizing, ukuphuhlisa aphile kumzimba izityalo, izilwanyana kunye nabantu, ngokuqhelekileyo amayeza zibizwa ngokuba "helminths", njengokuba kakhulu ngayo ziimpethu nje. Izifo ezibangelwa kubo, aqhelekile nayiphi inxalenye yale planethi.

iintlobo yezinambuzane

Ngokutsho manani, ngaphezulu kwezigidi-gidi zabantu ukuba ukuhlasela ziimpethu ezinegalelo ukuyilayisha amajoni omzimba kunye nokwenza imingxunya iimpahla. Ukuphelisa ezi yezinambuzane, ungasebenzisa noba yonyango yamachiza yesizwe. Umonakalo omkhulu ukuba umzimba womntu kunokubangela iintlobo ezintathu ziimpethu: flukes, ngeenxa kunye tapeworm. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe indlela zokulahla, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba zikhangeleke ntshulube abantu indlela.

ziintshulube

Ukuziqhelisa lwezonyango, ezi gazi ebizwa nematodes. Olu luhlobo oluxhaphakileyo ziimpethu, leyo ngaphezu kwamashumi amabini anesine amawaka iintlobo free-ezifana, kunye gazi.

Igama lohlobo anikwe imilo ngeenxa zonke, nto leyo kunokubonwa cross-candelo. It worms nge ezingcakacileyo side sazama amanye kuwo omabini iziphelo umzimba. Abameli uqhelekileyo olu hlobo, leyo ngokutya igazi emzimbeni kwabantu trichina, Ascaris kwabantu, whipworm, pinworm abantwana. Apha kuyimfuneko ukuze ufumanise ukuba zikhangeleke ntshulube abantu indlela.

umzimba amile ingaba iisentimitha mane, kunye ngaphantsi kakhulu amaduna namathokazi. umzimba wayo langoku, efana umtya. Le ise emathunjini amancinci. Le ekutyeni nasemakhalaneni Ityhefu ityhefu apho kuvela ngenxa ukutya.

Xa emathunjini amancinci kunye ezinkulu ukuze parasitize pinworm. Le umbungu encinane, nto leyo ubude umzimba ingadluli isentimitha enye. Abasetyhini ngokuqhelekileyo babeke amaqanda abo kufuphi ingquza, ebangela ukurhawuzelela. Olu hlobo iimpethu ke kaninzi kubonwa ebantwaneni.

Kodwa ke iintlobo ezininzi eziyingozi ziintshulube ukuba abantu whipworm kunye trichina.

flukes

Xa yezonyango, zibizwa ngokuba trematodes. Olu hlobo ziimpethu ebantwini (photo - kwinqaku) eso atshabalalisa, umzimba yeflethi uhlobo okanye ulwimi sheet. Ubukhulu zezi iintshulube bakwazi ukufikelela mitha enye enesiqingatha. Xa loo maphalo data umzimba womntu ngokuqhelekileyo kuwa xa kusetyenziswa iintlanzi underdone okanye ekrwada okanye yenamvuna. Kaninzi parasitize, nkqu imizimba engalindelekanga ezahlukeneyo (i sac conjunctival okanye ityhubhu Eustachian) okanye zincamathele kwi ezindongeni imigudu iplagi.

Akwenza oku ngokusebenzisa iilekese (okanye iiseti ezimbini, kuxhomekeka kuhlobo). Ezi ntshulube aphuhliswe kakuhle wokudla, nokuzala, luvo yaye phantse akukho bokuphefumla kwegazi. Bona batya igazi bomkhosi, okuqulethwe colon wakhe, okanye epithelium yencindi yomlomo. Nazi iimpethu ebantwini.

Igama wanikwa ngokungqinelana helminths azichanekanga, ekubeni umzimba ke musa kwanya. Kodwa ke, nangona oku, umonakalo obangelwa ngabo yeyabahlali. host esiPhakathi ezinjalo amanundu saselwandle esineqokobhe, ngoko intlanzi, kwaye wokugqibela - lomqolo, kuquka umntu.

Tapeworm abantu

Kwakunye flukes ngasentla, flatworms, yahlulwe tapeworm kunye tapeworm. Ngokungafaniyo ngeenxa zonke, aba babe host eliphakathi (izilwanyana kunye nentlanzi). Yeyona imibungu ukuphuhlisa emzimbeni wakhe. Ukuba aqolileyo ngokwesondo, ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka nasemathunjini a ezinomqolo.

Iqumrhu helminths yahlulwe komsindo. Loo ntloko ke attachment umzimba, baze emva koko kukho indawo lokukhula, ngoko ke Isidleli sitya phezu kwamanzi emzimbeni, kunye nokutya aze zifunxe host ukutya kuye. Ukususela ukudla emzimbeni womntu kwale ntshulube (kwakunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi lweentshulube) yenza kubo impahla eyenziwe antikinaza lwaze incindi pancreatic. Kodwa ngokoMthetho zokuxilonga ekuchongeni irhorho umahluko zibalulekileyo phakathi chain kunye tapeworm.

Kuba yokugqibela luphawulwa yintloko (scolex) ukuba vee ezimbini prisasyvatelnye okanye libe sisigingqi kwi ekupheleni ngaphambili helminth. Amaqanda zikhutshelwa okusingqongileyo ngenxa yokuba isibeleko iye emngxunyeni yayo. Xa uphando endleni ukuba inokufumaneka.

Ngenxa ukubonakala babebizwa tapeworm. Ribbonlike, lahlulwe iinxalenye umzimba isici isici. Ubude yale umbungu ungaba kuze leemitha elinesibhozo.

Ne iindebe ezine sokufunxa ibekwe phezu kwentloko, olubotshelelwe eludongeni emathunjini. A intamo ibekwe singasemva kwayo, kunye nokukhula leyo kwasekwa komsindo. Fumana amaqanda ezi yezinambuzane kunzima kakhulu ngenxa yokuba isibeleko akanawo ukuvulwa excretory. Nazi iimpethu ebantwini.

ezidala Ukuzimisela uhluleke

Kuba ezo ntshulube luphawulwa ngezigaba ezithathu zophuhliso. Ekuqaleni, kukho iqanda apho livela kamva kwi migrans emathunjini Umbungu ngoko indawo yokuhlala esisigxina (amalungu ezahlukeneyo). Emva koko iimpethu abe abadala. Kodwa amanye amalungu zezi amanundu kwindawo enye futhi iguquliwe, okt ethunjini.

Ukuze uqonde apho umzimba kwakukho izinambuzane, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba yintoni na iimpethu ebantwini. Zahlula-hlulwe umfowunelwa, ethunyelwayo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, geohelminthiasis - abo ufake umzimba ukusuka emhlabeni phezu izityalo kakubi wahlamba biogelmintozy - zingawi inyama yezilwanyana okanye intlanzi abachaphazelekayo.

Iimpawu lobukho irhorho emzimbeni womntu

Ngokuqhelekileyo izilonda iimpawu zixhomekeke nqanaba yophuhliso iintshulube ngokwabo. Esi sifo linyathelo yondele zifunyanwe. Owokuqala elinokuthatha ukuya kuma kwiiveki ezintathu kwaye luphawulwa irhashalala komzimba, ukhohlokhohlo owomileyo, kucinezele, kunye namanqanaba ephakamileyo eosinophils iqatshelwe egazini.

Inyathelo elilandelayo ukuze kubekho ixesha ukuya kwiminyaka emininzi. Apha ekubhaqeni iimpawu lweentshulube kuchaphazela indawo lizwe, ingakumbi amandla negunya labo. Kokuba fixed ezitulweni zelaphu kwaqhenqetha ntshulube abantu (photo - kwinqaku) abatshabalalise, ibangela ukusabela arhabaxa. Ezinye iintlobo ngokukhawuleza sandayo inokubangela umonakalo noqhekeko kwimpilo okanye abangele sibangelwa amalungu abalulekileyo.

Ulungiso efumanise ubukho izinambuzane eziveliswe amaqanda kwindawo nge uhlalutyo endleni, isikhohlela, njl