Njani na inxalenye numbers ye pension?

inkqubo yomhlalaphantsi Russian. Phakathi injongo zentlalo kwemali karhulumente yeyona ebalulekileyo fund non-mali apho imali yomhlala ziyahlawulelwa. Ngeli xesha eSoviet inkqubo pension ebizwa ngokuba yiyo, elibonelela ukuba iintlawulo abadla umhlalaphantsi ngenxa ngeendleko yangoku abasebenzi yengeniso. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yomhlalaphantsi yayisekelwe kumgaqo yamanyama phakathi izizukulwana, okt ipenshoni zahlawulwa kuba yiminikelo abo asebenza kuqoqosho. Xa rhwebo ebibanjwe hlengiso yomhlalaphantsi. Unombono ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo pension entsha.

Enye mbili ke ipension yomhlalaphantsi esisiseko, apho kubonelelwa kubo bonke abemi abaye ufikelele kwiminyaka yobudala yomhlala-phantsi; abantu abakhubazekileyo, enika iimeko zemfundo ezifunekayo; abaxhomekeke washiya ngaphandle kwenkxaso-mali. Inqanaba lesibini - inshorensi yomhlala-phantsi, baza kubonelelwa kubo bonke abantu abasebenza umvuzo. Inqanaba lesithathu - inxalenye ezongezelekayo ye pension, ekufuneka ukuvumela ukuba bafikelele kumgangatho ophezulu wokuphila. Loo inkqubo akuxhomekekanga kwinani labasebenzi kunye umhlala, kwandisa isixa kweentlawulo (kuba isebenzisa inxalenye numbers ye pension), iqinisekisa ukukhula investment zexesha elide kwezoqoqosho ngeendleko kwemali wabutha.

Ingeniso eyenziwe iipremiyamu mali yomhlalaphantsi, iirhafu, ingeniso evela yokubekwa okwethutyana mali ezikhoyo kwii-akhawunti zebhanki, ingeniso evela ukusetyenziswa kwepropati, kunye nabanye. Inxalenye inkxaso ye pension obekwe kwi-akhawunti ngamnye umhlala phantsi. Kukwandisa ukhuphiswano wadala mali yomhlalaphantsi apho ke andingowawo kurhulumente. Asingabo bonke umhlalaphansi mali. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, apho kukho malunga 500 lamawaka. inxalenye exhaswayo ye pension ethe ukususela ngo-2005.

Abemi banelungelo lokwenza isigqibo phi ukugcina imali yabo. Abantu abaye mali kwi-akhawunti mali yomhlalaphantsi, sebeqala umhlala phantsi. Abaninzi uyazibuza ukuba indlela inxalenye numbers ye pension? Ukuba ngo-2012 kulindeleke, wayo ukufumana abo otshintshele imali kwingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi, ezo ziphethwe ngabantu zabucala. Noko ke, kunyaka ozayo ubonelela ukuba intlawulo ipension elifumana imali kwiNgxowa-mali eyaziwa-kakuhle umhlala-phantsi karhulumente. Ngelo xesha langoku kumajelo eendaba aza kuqhutywa ingxoxo-mpikiswano ekunyuseni umhla-phantsi. Inyaniso yokuba inkqubo pension Kusekho zisasazwe, yala maxesha kancinane kuphela. Kwilizwe lethu namhlane izigidi ezili-75 rabotayuschihi million 88. Umhlala. ukonakala kulindeleke. Inani labantu abakhubazekileyo lumalunga-yesihlanu enye xa bebonke, ngo-2020 kuya kuba kulingana kwi-25%, kwaye ngowama-2030,-30%.

Nokuba ngo-2011, iindleko FIU ngaphaya kwemali enye ezigidi engange, kwaye kulo nyaka (2012) isixa abangaphezu kwemfuneko 1,75 ezigidi engange. Le meko achazwe ngesihelegu, ukuba abazange amaxabiso oli isibhakabhaka-phezulu. Amanye amagosa aphezulu bakholelwa ukuba umhlala-phantsi ngaphambili aya kunceda ukusombulula le ngxaki. Kodwa njengoko uqikelelo eyamkelekileyo ngokubanzi ekongeni FIU iindleko le yokuqala iza kuthetha ku-80 - 90 billion engange, nto leyo ufana eshotayo.

Umntu angaya indlela iintlawulo-inshorensi kunye isiseko non-ukusebenza umhlala-phantsi kuphela. Ngenxa eliphantsi umgangatho wokuphila izigidi abadla umhlala-phantsi emsebenzini, ngoko, akwazi ukufumana ipension ezincinane. Noko ke, urhulumente akunakwenzeka ukuba kugqitywe malunga nokuncipha, njengoko inkamnkam kunye nomvuzo kunzima ukwenza badla umhlala-phantsi kwi indlela yengeniso ukuba abakumgangatho ophakathi.

abezoqoqosho abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha emithonjeni FIU, babhalisele ukuba ukuqesha iintlawulo, kwaye zilawulwe phezu ukusetyenziswa kanye imali, ukuthintela gwenxa babo. Kodwa resource ephambili yokugcwalisa ingeniso yinxalenye-mali yomhlalaphantsi kuba umbutho kwamashishini amatsha umdla abantu abaselula ukuba babe esebenzayo.