Fund - yintoni na le nto? Pension Fund, Fund Social, izindlu

Foundation - a non-ngeniso Uhlobo lombutho, abaqali kuzo abemi abaqhelekileyo okanye abantu zomthetho abo, ngokuzithandela negalelo nokucwangciswa iminikelo propati. amaziko Abaququzeleli iinjongo zentlalo wesisa, kwezenkcubeko kunye nezemfundo kunye nezinye luncedo kuluntu.

iinkalo zoMthetho kwemali zokusebenza

ngokomthetho we Fund sizimisele kuphela Code Civil, kodwa kwakhona umthetho malunga nemibutho engenzi-nzuzo. Foundation - umbutho, ezo ezicacileyo apho bumisela ngaphantsi ethile umthetho. Imisebenzi kwiindidi ezithile asethi kuxhomekeke kwimigaqo ezithile. imibutho kawonke zilawulwa ngumthetho phezu imibutho karhulumente. Iimali Accounting zisebenza ngokwesakhelo yomsebenzi wesisa yomthetho. Njengenxalenye kobulungu yombutho unganikezelwanga, kwaye abaseki ngokwabo musa inxaxheba kumsebenzi lombutho kwaye akukho igunya alahle mali.

imali karhulumente

Ingcamango-mali zibandakanya amaziko non-ngeniso kuphela, ebekuthethwe ngazo ngasentla. Kukho iimali Russian, ziphantsi kudidi karhulumente. imali Extra-mali yaqala ukuvela xa bekukho yokuguqula inkqubo yemali eRussia 1990. Zabe ekudalweni kwemibutho ezithile ukungxamiseka yokusombulula eziliqela iingxaki yezentlalo kunye noqoqosho. Kwixesha elizayo, oko izicwangciso ukudala inkqubo yomhlala oluzinzileyo, ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nokhuseleko loluntu. ingxowa mali - umthombo ezinzileyo mali isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa iimfuno ezithile kwinqanaba koluntu, yaye ukuba akunjalo iziphumo nolwemozulu ixesha elide. Imithombo kwimibutho wemvula ichaziwe ngokucacileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa injongo kwangaphambili.

Iintlobo-mali kunye nezikhokelo nokungena kwemali

imali Extra-mali idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo kwemali ezisembindini kweli lizwe. Umbutho oluhlala imali ngaphandle kwe federal mali kunye off-mali ezikhoyo of Russia. Yonke imali isetyenziswe ekufezekisweni amalungelo omgaqo-siseko abemi. I Fund Social kukunika abantu ubudala, wakugula, wakuba ngumlwelwe, ukuze incede ukulahleka umondli kunye nezinye iimeko ezininzi. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mbutho nganye iya ivunywe kwintlanganiso esemthethweni kwi kwifomathi imithetho yase. amaziko kwengeniso zinika imali imbopheleleko yerhafu lwentlalo emanyeneyo. Ubume bale mali karhulumente off-mali lohlobo iquka:

• Russian Pension Fund;
• Insurance Fund Social;
• umbutho federal;
• umbutho sendawo inshorensi yezempilo.

Ubuqili mali

ingxowa mali - njengombutho wesizwe owawubumbela mali extra-mali, nto leyo ilawulwa yi nabasemagunyeni eli lizwe kunye mali leyo ngqo kuphela ekuphunyezweni iimfuno zentlalo njenge iinjongo eziqhelekileyo yase kanye indawo. Ibhajethi yoMbutho kunye neprojekthi kwayo kunyaka ozayo ukhandwa ulawulo lokugqibela. Iiprojekthi ziya kungeniswa imizimba yase igunya elilawulayo neyamkelweyo format umthetho federal. Ukuba kukho imibala, ziphononongwa yaye yavunywa yi nemithombo impahla yayo. Le projekthi kufuneka kubonelelwa kwaye imithombo yengeniso kunye yokusebenzisa imithombo. Phambi kwamkeleke mali kufuneka zidlule nomxokelelwane lonke kurhulumente, yaye kubandakanywa iNkundla laBaphicothi.

Fund Pension Russian

Le ngxowa-mali inkulu extra-mali kweli lizwe i pension. Udlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiziko loluntu kweli lizwe. lasungulwa kungenxa imfuneko yokuba ulawulo lwemali ulungiselelo yomhlalaphantsi evela kurhulumente. ingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi usombulula ngaxeshanye iingxaki ezimbini:

1. Isiphumo kweemali umhlalaphantsi isakhiwo lwabiwo-mali ezidityanisiweyo.
2. Isiphelo pension kwemali kwinqanaba kwenkqubo ezimeleyo.

Kwemali ngenxa ukutsalwa kwemali kwi Pension Fund ngo-inshorensi kunye nentlawulo yi format nabaqeshi. Ngenxa yoko, umthwalo mali karhulumente isusiwe ngokohlobo nezibophelelo ukuba umhlalaphansi. Uxanduva eyenziwa ngeendleko intlawulo inshorensi. Ukuhlaziywa yokugqibela yomhlalaphantsi yakhiwe ube zahlulo zithathu: basic, inshorensi kunye numbers.

Ukusasazwa iinzuzo zomhlalaphantsi mbutho

Pension Fund iqinisekisa intlawulo yomhlalaphantsi esisiseko kubo bonke abantu yobudala yomhlala-phantsi. iintlawulo ePhakamileyo ekujoliswe kuyo abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-80 kunye nabantu neqela 1 nokukhubazeka. Ubungakanani inxalenye yentlawulo inshorensi kuxhomekeke kuphela ubude umhlala kunye nobukhulu yomvuzo wakhe. Oluntlawulo ukhandwa iminikelo kwingxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi iipremiyamu nyanga zonke. Iintlawulo Insurance elivumelana lulwahlulo eyinkunzi pension eziqingqiweyo ukuba inani neenyanga ixesha lokuhlawula elindelweyo. Enyanisweni, imali ezingathathwanga ngenxa yomntu omnye, zisetyenziselwa kweentlawulo kwezinye umhlalaphansi.

Fund Insurance Social

Le ngxowa-mali yokuqala yokhuseleko loluntu eRashiya wabonakala ngowe-1992. Yena ilawulwa ngumthetho wesizwe. Njengoko Pension Fund, umbutho lisebenza njengeziko zemali elizimeleyo. Naziphi na iimpahla ze-mali - ipropati federal. Imali ayikwazi Ayizi kurhoxiswa kwaye aziyonxalenye isenzo mali ngayo nayiphi na amanqanaba. uhlobo loluntu mali inshorensi agcwaliswa kokuba kutsalwe irhafu. Le rhafu lwentlalo emanyeneyo kunye nerhafu ngokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yerhafu olulula ngamaxesha irhafu yengeniso kunye nerhafu lwezolimo. Eyona kwicala nokungena kwemali evela umbutho - intlawulo yezibonelelo ukuba abantu babe yokukhubazeka yexeshana. Isixa liphezulu lesibonelelo leyo ngokungqongqo kuphela amaxabiso emisiweyo.

izindlu

Le ngxowa-mali iye ifomati eyahlukileyo kancinane ngaphezu imibutho uchazwe apha ngasentla. Akafuni angakhuli izixhobo eziphathekayo, kodwa idibanisa zonke izindlu kunye neekota ephilayo karhulumente. Le ngcamango ithathwa ukuba isiseko yonke imithetho lwezindlu. Izindlu ithathwa ukuba ipropati karhulumente olukhulu yolondolozo ekulondolozweni umdla apho lonke uluntu. A ingqiqo nolahlo ngokubanzi iquka namaCandelo eMetropolitan, kwahlulwa kwezi khrayitheriya zilandelayo:

• ubulungu uhlobo oluthile obunini (abucala, kamasipala kunye zikarhulumente);
• isicelo ngqo kwizakhiwo (ukusetyenziswa loluntu mali, ushishino kunye ngamnye).

Kanye kwingxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi, nalapho kukho nogxa walo phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente, leyo uqhuba ingxelo yayo ngokungqinelana nenkqubo ebekwe nguRhulumente. Le nkqubo ayibandakanyi izakhiwo okanye izakhiwo swi yokuhlala ngamaxesha athile okanye okwethutyana, nokuba ubude bayo. isakhiwo lokungavinjwa yakhiwe ezingaqukwanga kwi fund. Ezo izinto ezingezizo inxalenye yesakhiwo, akangekhe ngokuxhomekeke kwimimiselo yomthetho lwezindlu, yaye nayiphi na nokuqhathwa nabo kunzima kakhulu ukuqhuba, kuquka nokuhlaziywa.