Ngubani na ke umbhali comedy 'Yeha evela Wit? "Personality Sir.doc

Inkoliso yabantu ayazi ukuba ngubani umbhali comedy "Yeha ukusuka Wit". Yini na ke ukuba igama ezikhethiweyo ngomsebenzi wakhe uAleksandr Sergeevich Griboedov? Mhlawumbi oku kubangelwa yinto ngokuphila kwakhe. Kweli nqaku siza kuzama ukubalisa ubuntu kwale ndoda befanelekile. Wahlanganisa ingqondo Encyclopedic, italente engenakuphikwa, ukuzimisela hussar kunye nenkonzo eliphezulu ukuya looMawokhulu.

italente ezininzi

Kunzima kakhulu nalinye ilizwi ukuphendula umbuzo malunga ngubani na ke umbhali comedy "Yeha evela Wit", ethetha ukuba entsatsheni yakhe, emsebenzini kunye neziphiwo. Laso? Military? Kwezepolitiki? Mvumi? Isiphelo sakhe - mfutshane, njenge nengoma idada. Griboyedov ngothando, watshata, kwiiveki nje ezimbini ezichithwa ukufundisa kunye nomfazi wakhe, Nina Chavchavadze. Emva koko beza ucelomngeni lwakhe ukuya wozakuzo wasePersi ukholo.

Njengoko ngonozakuzaku wayeyixabisa eRashiya sobukhalipha nesibindi ukukhusela izilangazelelo East. Kwezombangazwe, yena ngokwakhe wazibonakalisa kwi ukusayinwa Russian-Persian Treaty, leyo wakhonza njengoko imfazwe wamagazi aphesheya. Njengoko umbhali - baqhubeka isithethe ngokoqobo kwi yeqonga yesizwe Russian, wadala ezakudala ukungafi. Njengoko umkhosi Griboyedov waba sezigodlo. Khawucinge, uya kwenza ngokwenene hussar-reveler! Konke oku ngaphantsi kwe siza kukuxelela abafundi ngokweenkcukacha.

ukubunjwa

Alexander wazalwa 01/15/1790, xa intsapho mandulo amanene. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, ngokucacileyo wabonisa ubuchule bakhe. Ukukhulisa abantwana kwintsapho Griboyedov waba olungqongqo; unina, Anastasia Fedorovna, waye umfazi imperious yaye phantse wabaleka indlu kunye nempahla. Unyana ingcinezelo yomlinganiswa, ngethamsanqa, gciwane uthando lwakhe kweyobunzululwazi. Kakade xa wayeneminyaka emithandathu Alexander kakuhle ngeelwimi ezine zaseYurophu: French, IsiNgesi, IsiJamani, Italian. nyaka elishumi elinesibhozo umfundi omdala e Moscow University, apho sele ngumgqatwa philology, reveled kweso sifundo, wafumana umyalelo, kwaye ke imfundo ngokwasemzimbeni kunye zemathematika. Umbhali kwixesha elizayo "Yeha evela Wit" wayesiya ukusebenza ithisisi zobugqirha yakhe, kodwa nezicwangciso wenza uhlengahlengiso imfazwe.

Entliziyweni yakhe wayeselapho hussar

Phinda-ngokufunda ngobomi Aleksandra Sergeevicha Griboedova, singatsho ngokuqinisekileyo ngubani umbhali comedy "Yeha evela Wit", ethetha ukuba umlinganiswa yakhe yokuziphatha. Kwakungekho nakwiingqondi, okanye umdla. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, a classic elizayo nefuthe, ixabiso imigaqo ubuhlobo, akwazi ukuhlanganyela yimbali egezayo kwaye kuyingozi, nokuba kuqulathe neziphumo ezibi yena.

Njengoko sele elithekelelwayo, sithetha malunga ezimbini zokucwangcisa odumileyo kane, unobangela leyo yaba webhaleyi Istomin. Ngowe-1817, xa Kungquzulwano Sheremetev Zawadzki ngoncwino longxwelerhiweyo, kwaye ngo-1818 Yakubovich Griboyedov ababuleweyo kwingalo yasekhohlo.

Griboyedov wayenxanelwe utshintsho

Musa ukwenza iimpazamo abo aphendule umbuzo othi: "Ngubani na ke umbhali comedy" Yeha ukusuka Wit "elizwini eyodwa - labavukeli ?. Ngubani na, ukuba eli omnye wabantu abaninzi abafundileyo eRashiya (yena yoncutshe kwiminyaka evuthiwe, Latin, isiGrike, Arabic, Turkish, Persian), wayeqonda ukuba serfdom iphoselwe kwilizwe lakhe leminyaka eyadlulayo?

Kungenxa yoko le nto comedy esibhaliweyo "Yeha ukusuka Wit". Mhlawumbi, Griboyedov ukuba ukuqalisa utshintsho-1817 waba lilungu elipheleleyo le-Lodge Masonic "United Bahlobo" yaye "intsikelelo" (St. Petersburg).

Eyona imveliso wobomi

Umbhali we "Yeha ukusuka Wit" waqalisa inkonzo yakhe ongunozakuzaku kuNobhala uthumo ePersi. Emva koko wathunyelwa Tbilisi (Tiflis). izenzo zokuqala ezimbini "Yeha evela Wit" Apha zabhalelwa. umhlobo Lyceum Pushkin kaThixo UWilhelm Kiichelbecker (Decembrist elizayo) waba umphulaphuli yokuqala kunye nombulelo. Kungekudala le holide, eMoscow kunye kufuphi Tula, ekuweni ka-1824, imbongi-laso zaye ekugqibeleni iinxalenye ezimbini eseleyo kulo msebenzi.

Noko ke, umbhali we comedy "Yeha ukusuka Wit" wayeqinisekile - asiyonto udibaniso pass. Yena emva ezimbini zokucwangcisa wabukela ngasese ngamapolisa. Mhlawumbi gendarmes baye baxelelwa malunga "play bavukela."

Noko ke, nangona imigudu gendarmes, advanced ukufunda Russian yoluntu sekunjalo wabona isibhengezo imisebenzi: i anthology "Waist Russian" epapashwe nezicatshulwa ukusuka comedy. Le ban akuthinteli abantu baqhelane comedy kwimibhalo-ngqangi. Izicatshulwa ezivela midlalo baba phezu imilebe eluntwini.

hlaza Griboyedov

Umbhali umsebenzi, 'Yeha evela Wit "yonke indalo yakhe, Kakade, ideologically exhaswa ngurhulumente tsarist yatshabalalisa imodeli pomeschitsko amandla lixesha ingenalo novelwano. Wayezazi buqu kunye Decembrists.

Ngoko ke, ngo-1825, wabanjwa njenge umrhanelwa of wazi kwi qhankqalazo kwi Yeengwevu Square. Nangona iinyanga ezintandathu kulo ngemibuzo, Aleksandru Sergeevichu, igorha unothanda, ukhaliphe, yakwazi ukubonisa ukuba umsulwa. Wakhululwa waza wathunyelwa iPersi, apho kuyimfuneko ukuba bazalise imfazwe iminyaka emibini. Njengoko imfazwe wathabatha inxaxheba amadabi eziliqela, kodwa ngonozakuzaku Griboyedov waba "Nixabiseke ngaphezu yomkhosi 20000th." Abeyilungisele ngo-1828 uxwebhu Turkmenchay ihlabathi baziswa Russia Yerevan kunye Nakhchivan khanate. Kuba oku merit, nto yenziwa isikhundla noCeba of State amandla ukuba banyule inxusa wasePersi.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Bhala ukuba lo mntu mbono kwangaphambili ngokufa kwakhe. Abasemagunyeni baseRashiya baye bazama oku "ubambe ngomnxeba elifutshane." Unyaka wokugqibela yobomi bakhe luyenze uthando a Princess Nina Chavchavadze oselula kunye yomtshato. Noko ke, ngonozakuzaku, emva kweeveki ezimbini zekhefu, i data ye umtshato, sisisiwa isabelo esitsha - ukuba Plenipotentiary ePersi. Apha akazange engakuthandi.

Enyanisweni, Alexander Sergeyevich wathumela kwilizwe Muslim, sigunyazisa ukuba azalisekise imiyalelo, badla indlela ziphikisana yokuphila ekuhlaleni. Ngamafutshane, esikhulu enokuba yingozi kwaye ekrokrisayo uhlakaniphile sakhubeka. Noko ke, "ekhonza unobangela, kunokuba abantu," nokuba umntu onesibindi, uAleksandr Sergeevich Griboedov wala.

Ngesibindi wakhokela lizwe umsebenzi nobutshaba ozakuzo, tenaciously waluthethelela umdla nabafo Russian. Apha wabulawa yempambano baphambana. Griboyedov sabulawa lijoni, ekuhleleni ukuziphendulela isigidimi, ukuba ezingalweni.

isiphelo

Ngonaphakade wahlala Russian iincwadi lesikhumbuzo engenakonakala imveliso "Yeha ukusuka Wit". Umbhali, Griboyedov, yaye abazange bawubone kwi yeqonga (iphambili lokuqala lwenzeka ngo-1831). Ukususela ngoko, iphawuleka nobunzulu kwayo comedy usoloko ekhona kule nkulu.

Lo Indoda ehlambulukileyo, ukunyaniseka, nesibindi ekrelekrele nangoku ngonaphakade wangena imbali. Ngentla apha a quote - amazwi mhlolokazi imbongi-laso Nina Chavchavadze, Griboedov sele wathetha nendoda yakhe emva kwexesha.