Movement Public phantsi Alexander 1. Imisebenzi Principal

Oyise uNapoleon wazisa uxolo kudala lilindelwe eYurophu, kodwa akazange ukusombulula naziphi na iingxaki angaphakathi yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Ixesha kwempi yaba ubukumkani Alexander 1, luphawulwa ndlela omtsha umsebenzi oluntu - Imibutho yasekuhlaleni. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala Russian kumaphulo yoluntu ufumene ifomu umbutho. Movement Public phantsi Alexander 1 imisebenzi yayo ukuze sibekwe phezu kwesiseko iingcamango zobunene.

Liberalism kweli lizwe

Iimbono of liberalism kwasasazeka yaseYurophu eRashiya ngexesha uCatherine II, ngubani kwakuhambisana bayawafundisisa ideologists enjalo oku, njengoko uVoltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, kunye nabanye. Noko ke, kamva uKumkanikazi bazitshitshisela ezi mfundiso, kufanele besoyika ukuba azakulimaza ukumkani eRashiya.

Second benkululeko movement Wind eRashiya lafumana ngo-1812. La majoni kunye namagosa abaye eYurophu, wabuyela ekhaya kukho iqela azinikele of serfdom kunye ulawulo yedwa. ukungabi Absolute ukuba abasemagunyeni kufuneka yokuguqula ilizwe yabangela edlala ukunganeliseki phambili yabemi. Kuyinto kwezi meko wazalwa waza waqalisa imisebenzi yayo intshukumo ekuhlaleni phantsi Alexander 1.

isishwankathelo

Eyokuqala imibutho engekho phantsi korhulumente baseRashiya uhlala Masonic. Ingcamango ukuvela intshukumo Masonic iye ivela eYurophu. Ngonyaka wama-20 kwinkulungwane XIX. malunga 3 amawaka amalungu ihlala Masonic baba. abanumzana, abarhwebi efumileyo. Freemasonry usinike uluntu amava eziyimfuneko ukuze umbutho kunye nemisebenzi eziyimfihlo. Ngokomthetho intshukumo ekuhlaleni phantsi Alexander 1 bayazi imibutho efihlakeleyo ezifana: usindiso Union, i-Southern Society, Union of United nokuxubana kunye nabanye.

ukusindiswa Union

Le nkampani yokuqala enkulu. Umsunguli saso AN Iimbovane - Colonel Jikelele Abasebenzi, iqhawe kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

Eyona njongo iphambili ye Union of Lusindiso yaba ngokupheliswa serfdom kunye nomqathango amalungelo yookumkani. Kwakukho abathile iminxeba ukuba iyelenqe kunye regicide, kodwa abazange lasasazwa uninzi lwamalungu womanyano.

Emva kokuba kugqitywe ukutsala inkxaso yoluntu, i-Union Rescue umjojo, kwaye rhoqo kwayo kwakukho Union nempumelelo. inkqubo Society Secret waba charter yaso, leyo eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Green Book". Isiseko kwenkampani wabumba iingcamango efanayo ngaphambili - ngokubhukuqwa lobuzwilakhe nokutshatyalaliswa serfdom. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye amalungu emibutho wavuma ukuba bathathe inxaxheba yotshintsho karhulumente, kunye norhulumente iqhotyoshelweyo kubaluleke kakhulu izimvo zemfundo noqeqesho. Xa urhulumente wala wokuhlaziya urhulumente, intshukumo loluntu Alexander 1 aye aba semngciphekweni. babhukuqwa aphumelela e Western Yurophu zabangela ingcamango amalungiselelo mbho- eRashiya ukunyanzela urhulumente ukuba bakuthembe.

Ngoko ke, emva kokuba Union weNtlalontle wamiswa imibutho ezitsha, nto leyo zidluliselwa eMntla naseMzantsi.

umphakathi Northern

Society uye embindini North Petersburg. amalungu Union EP Obolensky, S. P. Trubetskoy, N. M. Muravev, kunye nabanye. Ngokutsho inkqubo ecaciswe N. M. Muravevym ngo "uMgaqo-siseko" yayo, eRashiya kwafuneka ukuba bashiye lobuzwilakhe aze abe neNgonyama siseko. Kwakhona wabeka ingcamango icandelo yase Russia ngomhla 15 "amandla." Kukhawulelwe ilungelo soMhlekazi. Ilungiselelwe ukuba inkululeko lobuqu abalimi waza waqalisa amalungelo oluntu ukuba wonke ummi Russia. Ezi ngongoma ukunika ufifi lokuba yintoni kufuna intshukumo loluntu Alexander 1.

umphakathi Southern

Oku Amagosa emfundo oluntu united abalungiselelayo kummandla Ukraine. Intloko ye-Southern Society - iqhawe kwedabi Borodino, Colonel P. I. Pestel.

Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, uyilo uMgaqo-Russian ebizwa ngokuba 'Russian Inyaniso "yadalwa, kodwa olukhulu ngakumbi kunobo Muravyova zomgunyathi. Ngenxa yoko, i-uBukhosi Russian waba ilizwe republic, kungekhona neNgonyama. Ukulawula state iBhunga ePhakamileyo kunye yaBantu Chamber. Nabalimi zinika inkululeko kuphela, kodwa nokuhlala iziza.

Ngenxa yoko, ukurhoxiswa serfdom kunye iinguqu ezinkulu kwi urhulumente sisiseko loo intshukumo olwenze uluntu phantsi Alexander 1. Uluhlu ebonisa injongo emfutshane imibutho yoluntu, ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.

Amalungu eziyimfihlo ngenkuthalo wathetha ngeendlela ngokwenene ukuphumeza iinjongo zabo. Isiphumo yaba sisigqibo ntetho kaRhulumente Military.

Nangona vu, urhulumente wayengenayo ingcamango malunga ezinobungozi wathwala intshukumo ekuhlaleni phantsi Alexander 1. Ngo-1822, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukuvimbela yonke okulinda Masonic kunye eziyimfihlo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, ukumkani wayalela ukuba kubanjwe nxaxheba kule mvukelo. Ukufa engalindelekanga yoMlawuli ayegqatse abantu ukuvukela ngo-1825.