KwiNqaba Moscow yesicelo: igama. Icebo kweenqaba Moscow yesicelo ezinamagama

Amagama iinqaba 20 Moscow yesicelo uyazi asingabo bonke Muscovites, nangona kwinqaba iShushan, neendonga zayo Veigy - enye ezinika eziphambili hayi kuphela inhloko kodwa ke lonke elo lizwe.

Impendulo nawuphi na umbuzo

History kwaye unobangela ezinde, ukuvela igama, indima nganye kuzo kwimbali, ezigcinwe kwizikolo komkhulu. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, amagama zikhohlakele. Kulungile ukuba kule mihla yonke ingcaciso malunga zazo zifumaneka ngokubanzi, kwaye naliphi na ixesha uyakwazi ukufumana iimpendulo kuyo nayiphi na imibuzo, umzekelo, nenqaba ibekwe le Moscow yesicelo, amagama abo bonke vezhey ukuba ngawaphi amacandelo udonga, nayiphi na kuzo isicelo, ukuba usebenzise indlela kwaye njalo njalo.

Enye amakhadi ukubizwa

ubomi obude (ukukhankanywa yokuqala inqaba yamaplanga libhekisa ku 1156) enqabeni ibalulekileyo lizwe umdla kakhulu. I yesicelo i belingana kunye nehlabathi zesikhumbuzo zembali ezifana Enkulu Wall, i-Tower of London, kucacile ukuba Bastille sadilizwa, iiphiramidi umYiputa. On Earth, inani olungenasiphelo ezinika, kodwa ezibalulekileyo, izinto amanqam hayi kangako. bambalwa abantu akazazi Spasskaya Tower, yaye kuphela xa uqala embalwa zazingalamkeli uphawu eMoscow, ikomkhulu enkulu weRashiya. Kodwa baseRashiya, ingakumbi Muscovites, ngubani ihlala kuhambo embindini elikomkhulu, nenqaba eqhelekileyo eziphambili Moscow yesicelo. Igama ngamnye kubo bafundiswa ukusuka kwibanga lesithathu, kodwa eyodwa abaninzi ngaphandle kokuthandabuza ukubhala, ukuba asingabo bonke-20, eyona ibalulekileyo kubo, hayi kuphela abo beza Olubomvu Square.

izakhiwo ezizodwa

Inqaba iphambili lizwe, ibekwe kwi Borovitsky endulini bekusoloko iziko lobomi kwezentlalo nezopolitiko kurhulumente, nangenxa uninzi yembali eRussia apha yokuhlala wakubaphathi lizwe. Oku intliziyo yamandla. Ukongeza, le nqaba emangalisayo ezintle. Izigidi zabakhenkethi ehlabathini lonke nje ufuna ukubona omnye ngemimangaliso ihlabathi, kodwa ukuze aqhelane ngembali yaso - oko ngenkulungwane sakhiwe ezi ndonga abathi, imvelaphi yegama - "yesicelo". KwiNqaba Moscow yesicelo umdla ethile - azinayo analogue ehlabathini, abafani omnye komnye. Kwaye kuphela kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XVII, abanye babo zigcinwa kwi indlela efanayo bokwakha.

Kakuhle eli gama

In Russia yamandulo kwinkulungwane XIV, umzi, engqongwe ngeendonga neenqaba ezinde, koqoqo, wabizwa ngokuba "Detinets" kamva kuvela amagama Chrome, cream, kremnik, kremlevnik. Imvelaphi elithi "yesicelo" liye iinguqulelo ezininzi, kodwa bonke zibhekisela, kwindawo engafikelelekiyo kakhulu enqatyisiweyo. Akhiwe ehlathini ivaleke okanye steepness engavumelekanga, oku kudla ihlanjwe ngasemlanjeni, okanye lingqongwe umsele ezaliswe ngamanzi. Kwaye nabani na nqaba efakwe ziindonga eziphakamileyo.

inqaba obungenakuphikiswa

Le nkqubo ilandelayo ezinde Moscow yesicelo kunye namagama ibonisa ngokucacileyo indlela kakuhle loo ndawo kukhethwe omnye ezinqabeni ezindala Russian - unxantathu mgaqweni kunye icala elinye ukhuselwe kuMlambo eMoscow. Ngemihla yakudala kunye kwelinye icala, ngoku ke Alexander Garden, ukuba ikhuselwe udonga emlanjeni Neglinnaya. Ezigudle wesithathu nxantathu, eshiya indawo Red umsele enzulu wazala ngamanzi. Ukongeza, ezinde eMoscow yesicelo kunye namagama nkqubo ibonisa ukuba vezhi emboxo (Endala igama Russian le iinqaba) aphantsi bakhe setyhula kwimilo, ngelixa abanye - isikwere.

Ubuqili ukwakha iinqaba

Olu hlobo iinqaba Uyalwa kukho iindlela zokuzifaka apha elo qhinga iza kuxhomekeka kukuba kweendonga ahanjiswa ye kweqokobhe na imipu yotshaba ricochet, kwaye kweziqhushumbisi elibonisa ukuba kuqhutywa ngeenxa zonke. Ngenxa lokufakwa inqaba uthathwa ukuba iinqaba kwikona ephambili le Moscow yesicelo. amagama awo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo - Vodovzvodnaya (Sviblova, yaseMzantsi), Beklemishevskaya (eyaziwa ngokuba Moskvoretskaya, kwikona emzantsi-mpuma) kunye koyena yesicelo Tower - Corner Arsenal (Sobakina) inqaba, uyamlandela umgca kweendonga zokhuselo evela Red Square. Oku kulawulwa ekudibaneni emlanjeni Neglinnaya.

Icandelo ekumntla eludongeni yesicelo

Nganye kwezi iinqaba lwenzelwe injongo ethile. Moscow yesicelo isicwangciso ebizwa iinqaba ibonisa ukuba zonke vezhi ibekwe ukususela Red Square, ukususela Arsenal Corner ku Beklemishev (ngku) iqulathe, ukongeza kwezi zakhiwo emibini, ibe mithandathu yale hlobo. It Nikolskaya neSenethi, Spasskaya kunye Imperial, Nabatnaya kunye uConstantine noHelen Tower.

Tower kumzantsi emntla-ntshona amacala

Ukusuka Beklemishev ku Vodovzvodnaya nenqaba leyo linxiwa eludongeni yesicelo, ukubaleka ecaleni River Moscow, ukongeza ekoneni, yi ezintlanu vezh - uPetros Akanalo Okwesibini, First Akanalo, Taynitskaya kunye Annunciation. Iqela sesithathu unxantathu engagunyaziswanga, ukubaleka ecaleni umbhobho ingakhutshwa kuphela ziqwempu edlulileyo umlambo Neglinnaya yahluka kuphela usaphilayo strelnitsa isebe ekuthiwa Kutafya inqaba, oludityaniswe yi ibhulorho ukuya vezhey liphezulu yesicelo - Emnye. Ngaphandle Vodovzvodnaya lembombo Arsenal, kunye Emnye Kutafia, kule sigaba zezi Borovitskaya kunye Izikrweqe neyolawulo kuMbindi Arsenal Tower.

ezahlukeneyo

Zonke ezinde Moscow yesicelo, amagama ezithe ezidweliswe ngasentla, zakhiwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo iinkosi Italian, ngoxa igama "fryazhskie". Le yokuqala yaba Taynitskaya, yakhiwa ngo-1485. Kule minyaka ilishumi ezayo, oko kwabalelwa ukusebenza zonke iinqaba (le yokugqibela ngo-1495 lwakwakhiwa Emnye), ngaphandle wesona Royal, eyakhiwa ngo 1680. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yesibini - Emnye - lo ende eliphezulu le Moscow yesicelo. Buyatshintsha amagama ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Nakuba kunjalo, phantse zonke kwinqaba ngexesha uphila zabizwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ababini abaziwa. Epiphany Rizopolozhensky, Znamenskoye kunye Kuretnaya - ngoko ngamakhefu ezahlukeneyo kwexesha elibizwa original Emnye inqaba, okuphakama ifikelela iimitha 80.

igama izizathu

I yesicelo ngokwayo fundanga de kube sekupheleni, lowo ephethe iimfihlelo ezininzi. KwiNqaba Moscow yesicelo, igama apho isandi engaqhelekanga ngokukhethekileyo indlebe woMntu mihla ngaphambili, njengokuba umthetho, zaye ingabizwa ngokwahlukileyo. Ke amagama mihla ukuba ukuqonda, Kuyaqondakala - uMsindisi ke ngoko ngokuba ngenxa yokuba kwi icon ye uMsindisi, Vodovzvodnaya - ngokuba isixhobo ekhethekileyo amanzi oMlambo eMoscow ukufika phezulu uze zasasazwa ehlabathini yesicelo. Igama "Royal" uthetha ukuba ngokwayo - ukusuka apho kukumkani (Ndithande ekwenzeni Ivan Grozny) esweni iziganeko kwi-Red Square.

Wona

Nikolskaya inqaba, oluyeka le iyonke yesicelo lomculo kunye bokwakha kunye nombala, benjenjalo ukumemeza ngenxa yokuba agcinwe kwi icon Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. Le nqaba ubomi umdla kakhulu - nayo incwadi yesicelo yayiquka wamajoni phantsi kolawulo Dmitriya Pozharskogo kunye Kuzma Minin. Bavutha 1737, nokubaleka kwakhe kude incwadi yesicelo, yasha yi-French. Ke zonke ezi nobunzima zange ubunzima i icon of St Nicholas - kule uqhushumbo, abacandayo iifestile ezitalatweni eselumelwaneni, nkqu waba iglasi kuyo.

amagama alula

Kutheni nendlela zibizwa ngokuba kwiNqaba Moscow yesicelo, funda umdla kakhulu. Yaye elimangalisayo lokuba ngexesha lethu singakwazi ngokulula uqhelane kunye nembali yazo naziphi na kubo. Umzekelo, Beklemishevskaya Tower: Kutheni ibizwa ngokuba? Ngapha koko, elinye igama layo - "Moskvoretskaya" - kwacaca kwaye ziqondakale; iku River eMoscow. Beklemishevskaya njengoko Sviblovskaya (Vodovzvodnaya) bebesenjenjalo ebizwa ngokuba iinkundla izinduna Beklemisheva Sviblovo kwaye ezikufutshane ngqo yesicelo kwezi ndawo. I yesicelo ngokwayo nayo yonke into enxulumene nayo - indawo engcwele elingumqondiso eRashiya.