"Lesigodlo" (izixhobo anti-itanki): inkcazelo, iinkcukacha kunye iifoto

inkqubela Technical entsimini izixhobo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwezinye iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. Moya ukubhabha ephakamileyo ngokukhawuleza, amatanki enamandla ngakumbi na, nemipu zabo nenqaba hit uyagqitha. Ukuphuculwa indlela yokuthintela i izixhobo kunokwenzeka yomkhosi yotshaba. Ivela phambi kokuba oko zicinywe okanye uba umgca ayicacanga eyahlula Committe izindululi enomjukujelwa olwa-nezakhiwo. Umzekelo i "Kornet" Russian - isixhobo esenzelwe ukuba kuliwe izithuthi vehicles, kodwa nokufuya abathintela emplacements gun wofika ezinqatyisiweyo kunye nezinye izinto lokuziphendulela ubunzulu. Ngaphambili, le misebenzi yenziwa ziinkqubo nasekuxinweni zokudubula enzima imijukujelwa kunye ezase ezikhethekileyo ezinamandla.

My emangalisayo "Iz sezigodlo" ...

Kuphela ngoku kukho irenki wamajoni yomkhosi Dutch. Le etymology yegama elihle: ingcambu yawo ligama IsiNgesi lentloko trumpeter yomkhosi idluliselwe bamaXesha Aphakathi, iqela injengele wonke umkhosi esebenzisa ngemiqondiso yesandi. Bakuzibalela oku (igosa eliyintloko) waye Russian Army yaye alondolozwe gama kwanjengokuba bekukho intshukumo White. Wawunika igama isithuthuthu elincinane "Izh lesigodlo", ethandwayo phakathi abadlali. Le bhayisekile, nangona ubukhulu ayo kunye namandla eliphantsi, kunokuba dapper ukhangela pfumelelani ku izifakelelo chrome kunye noyilo ngempumelelo. Umthamo wenjini - iyonke ngama-50 "iityhubhu", oko kuqhutywa ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume. isithuthuthu Homeland "lesigodlo" - Izhevsk. Izixhobo nazo badla zithiywe bezikhundla yamandulo emkhosini. Ivolovolo ezibuhlungu isenzo senziwe Ukraine (9 mm). Kuyinto compact kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Hardball abathandi eyaziwa ngokuba ophantsi kunye neemali-air gun ezikumgangatho ophezulu "sezigodlo". Kodwa umbandela eli nqaku liza kugxininisa emangalisa kakhulu ngakumbi isixhobo, antitank.

Abagila imitha yentsimbi

Ngenxa phambili iimanyano itanki ukuba alwe nzima. zobugcisa zale mihla lixhotyiswe kunye nokhuseleko olululo, ngokutsho abayili yokukhusela abasebenzi kunye namacandelo ebalulekileyo kwimiphumo ekonakaleni zinto. Ububanzi isikrweqe ngokungqalileyo kumashumi eminyaka yakutshanje liye landa kakhulu, kodwa imigudu ezi zithuthi yokulwa zaye ayiphelelanga yiko. Kuye kube multi-umaleko, ukumelana iimpembelelo ezongezelekayo, kwaye engile orientation yayo lwesithuba ikhuthaza reflection kanye ricochet. Ngoku projectile ube nekhono eyoneleyo ndzulu ubukhulu umaleko, umzekelo, i-100 mm, ezifana amanyathelo ezintsonkothileyo ukukhusela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ziyenza imoto yayo. inkqubo Antitank "lesigodlo" wadalwa amandla reserve ophezulu kakhulu ukuze alwe ngempumelelo kunye nezithuthi vehicles bazifezekisayo iimfuneko zehlabathi lanamhlanje, kwaye lilihle. Ngokweemitha isikrweqe akukho itanki enye - esinobunzima bekuya kuba uyilo kakhulu ukulinganisa. Nangona kunjalo, a ibhayisekili ntlawulo ezibuhlazarha, apho mayixhotyiswe 9M133 enomjukujelwa, nako Ugqobhoze kwaye ziyatyeba (1200 mm) umaleko ibekwe ngaphandle emva ukhuseleko olutshintshayo. "Lesigodlo" - njengesikhali esingaphephekiyo.

isikhokelo

Best kuzo zonke iimeko ukuba asebenzise iindlela antitank enjalo apho qha ngqo nokulenya phambili sinyanzeliswe kotshaba. Noko ke, phezu ukudubula ngomqukumbelo i kunokwenzeka kuphela xa ukuthotyelwa kwemiqathango ulawulo olubonakalayo lwe iziphumo zawo. 9M133 enomjukujelwa range ukufikelela iikhilomitha ezilishumi, kodwa ke uluhlu olusebenzayo emini ayidluli 5500 m, yaye ebusuku - inkqubo Guidance 3500 m -. Laser okuzenzelekayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umqhubi kwanele ukugcina ithagethi kwinqanaba emehlweni, nayo yonke enye into ehamba ngaphandle angenelele. Rocket uya kwicala umqadi, wakhokela teleorientirovaniya nkqubo, kunye ukuphazamisana esebenzayo okanye kwisixando sokwenziwa ukuba kungenza utshaba, olungasebenziyo. uphawu isikhokelo uvela entsonkothileyo, wena Sanduluka apho phezu photodetector, ulwalathiso umva. "Lesigodlo" - izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kweemeko zero nokubonakala, kulo mzekelo ejolise ikhutshwa phandle umfanekiso thermal emehlweni 1PN79-1 ngokukhawuleza. Le yunithi iye yasetyenziswa kwizikhululo isikhokelo mihla BMP kunye ntaka ukuhlasela.

Imizili kwisikhongozeli

Yokujika ukucima izilawuli ibekwe empumlweni yayo. Ababini kubo, yaye zarhaxwa kwindawo yothutho yayigcinwa ezithile, yaye kubo emva kokuqala. Kwi gumbi ngaphambili iyafana yaye intlawulo emise leyo esebenza iqonga ukhuselo isikrweqe. I-injini irula liluqilima kwaye kwasekwa njenge umsesane, kangangokuba ngaphakathi isithuba umngxuma - kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-jet kwerhasi ezimilise ophetheyo warhead eziphambili (ise ngasemva) nga kucanda kulo ngexesha ukuwa. Nemilomo ukuba azidlulisele torque kwi-engile. Ezi amaphiko elastically esigotyiweyo ayinakolulwa emva zokuphuma projectile ukusuka kwisikhongozeli. Bona esemva (kwi "weft") yaye zincitshiswe 45 ° kwendiza kwe amaphini okugwedla. Ukukhutshwa imijukujelwa ukusuka TPK zeplastiki bamthwala igxothwa isigxina. Isikhokelo ekubalekeni zikhula. inkqubo Antitank "lesigodlo" kunokugcinwa iminyaka elishumi. Ngeli xesha, akukho mfuneko yokuba ulondolozo kunye kuhlolwa.

yokwanda okuqhubekayo

Irula 9M133 ne emise ophetheyo warhead kusichukumisa zamafu yohlobo olunye okufuna olutshintshatshintshayo ukhuseleko isikrweqe 1,000-1,200 mm. Le Isiphumo ngenxa yeemeko ezininzi echaphazela. Isantya projectile waba 250 m / s, ubunzima bayo - 29 kg, ubunzima iziyobisi uqhushumbiso - 4600 g isigxina ngaxeshanye, xa uqhushumbiso engena basabela kakuhle kunye nokulungelelana isetyenziswe amafutha eqinileyo, bekuza ngokusebenzisa jet igesi plasma le warhead engundoqo. Ekubeni anti-esebenza 'sezigodlo' kwaye ingozi wesenzo ngakumbi ukuchana xa betha kwiindawo ezininzi asesichengeni kukhuseleko ikroba ngawo a laser-guided. Kodwa le ndlela inokusetyenziswa ukuba abize olunye uhlobo, anti.

Against ezingaphansi, komhlaba kunye nezithuthi zomkhosi

Empini, maxa wambi kukho iimeko ekunzima ukuqikelela. unit ziyenzeka ngokungalindelekanga zingqubane point zokhuselo ngamandla ngakumbi kunye ziliminxe ukuhlasela. Enomjukujelwa complex "lesigodlo" ubhetyebhetye ngokwaneleyo ukusombulula nje ingxaki yokulwa amatanki, kodwa ngempumelelo ukucinezela ipokotho zokubhala yokunganyangeki. Esi sisixhobo noko compact lixhotyiswe kuphela ezongezelekayo, kodwa intloko ezase thermobaric. Ngu enomjukujelwa yayo linamandla okanye impembelelo 9M133F 9M133F-1 ezifanayo isiphumo 152mm howitzer projectile okanye kilograms ezilishumi TNT. Enyanisweni, lo ukuqhushumba lwepolitiki, wanikela injini irula ngokuchanileyo ephezulu umgama km 5.5. thermobaric "lesigodlo 'High-edubulayo - esebenzayo isixhobo layo lingatywinwanga ukoyiswa izithuthi olova vehicles utshaba (abathwali abasebenzi vehicles, izithuthi zokulwa nomkhosi, njalo njalo)

yokuqalisa

DB ngendlela yokusebenza nomkhosi imele isakhiwo enemilenze leyo ezihlangeneyo izixhobo ulawulo lomlilo, isixhobo isikhokelo abalibona kunye neendlela ezamehlo (infrared). Kwakhona kuba yinxalenye izixhobo umgangatho wezithuthi yokulwa (BMP okanye "uTiger"). Anti-itanki complex "lesigodlo" njengoko isisu semoto isithuthi eziphambili usebenzisa i BM 9P162 ( "Unqontsonqa 699" kunye isisu semoto BMP-3). Eli qela, ngabantu ababini okanye abathathu. ngokudubula nje nezikhokelo target uthwala gunner evela emsebenzini wakhe, baxhotyiswa kunye ezintsonkothileyo elektroniki. uqeqesho Management ukuqala-ups ezenzeka Umyalelo elawulwa-kude. uyitshaje uhlobo uqoqo oluzenzekelayo - kuphela projectiles iimbumbulu 16, 12 kuzo ezibekwe ngqo kwi igubu. Lo matshini kufakwa ezimbini 9P162 izindululi 9P163. Ixesha kwavumela ekuqaleni production imizuzwana 20-30.

Kwiimeko ezinzima

Uyilo "lesigodlo" esimbaxa inika ithuba sichitha isindululi kunye ukulwa isithuthi xa elililo. Le meko ngexesha lemfazwe isenokuba yeyona ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba BM walahlekelwa ikhosi, yaye liya kuqhuba umlilo ezifihlakeleyo okanye ingafikeleleki yezithuthi ze kwizikhundla (ezintabeni okanye nasemizaneni), ufakelo 9P163 zisuswe kwindawo rhoqo kwi BM kwaye zisiwe kwindawo ekunene. Kwasuka kwabakho isixhobo esinamandla nako kwatsha disadvantageous imeko elisombulukayo kwaye nefuthe isiphumo edabini ngokuzimisela.

"Sezigodlo" amazwe

Ngowe-1997 at umboniso Abu Dhabi yinkcazo Russian okokuqala thaca bakuthathe inkqubo antitank abathengi enomjukujelwa "sezigodlo". Izixhobo, photo kufumaneka amaphetshana, wenza zayichukumisa ngenxa umahluko ukususela sele eyaziwa "Metis", "Competition" yaye "Fagot" - a laser, kunokuba inkqubo ukhokelo wire. Abo banqwenela ukuthenga elukhuni imikhosi yayo exhobileyo zange ithathe ixesha elide ukuba alinde. Algeria, Greece, India, Jordan, Ivory Coast, Peru, Syria, Turkey, yaye, ngokutsho iingxelo engaqinisekiswanga, Libya - ilizwe ukuxhobisa umkhosi wayo kunye nezixhobo zakutshanje antitank Russian (ezilungiselelwe ukuguqulwa kwamanye amazwe le "Kornet-E"). Kuphela 35 amawaka imijukujelwa kunye amakhulu ezininzi izindululi zaveliswa ukuya ku-2009, kubandakanywa nabo zixhonywe BRDM-2m BMP-2m. Kakade ke, eyona njongo iphambili umenzi sele ekuxhobiseni i Army Russian, kodwa, njengoko edla ngokwenzeka imifuziselo ngempumelelo izixhobo, ukulawula usasazo kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwaba umsebenzi onzima.

kwamanye amazwe eyenzeke

Phantse nangoko emva kokufumana ATGM "Kornet-E" kwipropati zonaniso lwangaphandle eendaba kukhokelele iingxelo ezininzi ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo anti-itanki ngempumelelo ezahlukeneyo ngamazwe ungquzulwano yengingqi. Umbutho "Hezbollah" uye wabasebenzisa nxamnye IDF ngo-2006 (IDF ezilahlekileyo 46 "Mercan," nangona kukho ubungqina bokuba eli nani understated, yaye okunene litshe iimoto 164). Inkcazelo engakho ubukho "lesigodlo" na "umkhondo waseSiriya", nangona ukuba uphi na imvelaphi kule ndlela cishe akunakwenzeka. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo Islamic LIH, ndiyamangaliswa oonokrwece (kwimveliso mhlawumbi Russian) Itanki "Abrams" kunye nezithuthi ezininzi vehicles. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba izixhobo ezifanayo abazisebenzisa, kunye nomkhosi Iraqi nxamnye namabutho "yelizwe Islamic" kummandla ka Diyalá (2014). Ngoko ke iingcali Ukrainian uthe kokufunyanwa kwisayithi ye-dubulo kobutyobo HEAT warhead, leyo alondoloza imizila lokumakisha ebonisa umhla wokwenziwa (2009) le projectile, "sezigodlo". Izixhobo evela ngabavukeli ivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, ikakhulu kubhaliwe kuthinjwa, kodwa eso sigqibo (ukuba ayikho enye fake) ukuze buthathaka eRashiya indawo nkqubo angaphandle ngokuphathelele imeko kwi Donbass.

Abenzi bemeko- kunye nabavelisi

VS Fimushkin, OV Sazhnikov kunye S. N. Dozorov bawongwa ngeMbasa State okuyilwa ezintsonkothileyo wesithathu-isizukulwana "lesigodlo" (2002). Kunyaka olandelayo wamiswa ekuhlengahlengiseni omnye nomyili, owaba yokwenza nale projekthi - Zaharova Lva Grigorevicha (i-Order "Kuba Ukugqwesa" isidanga wesithathu). Kuyabonakala ukuba, la mabhaso hola kakuhle. umbutho wophuhliso ngokubanzi iye malivakale Engineering Design Bureau. Umjukujelwa iveliswa kwi isityalo zobunjineli kubo. VA Dektyareva (Kovrov). Industrial abakhi zentsimbi kunye namanye amashishini zokhuselo Russian, ezifana isityalo ngoomatshini Volsk Saratov Oblast and OJSC "Tulatochmash".