Kubaphangi idumileyo kwimbali

Le mba we SANDF iye thaca imbali yabantu amagama amaninzi izama kaHomer. kwenkunzi ulwandle Incopho kwenzeka ngenkulungwane XVII, xa Ocean yeHlabathi yaba kwindawo somzabalazo phakathi eSpeyin, iBritani kunye nezinye inzuzo ukwanda ngamandla yaseYurophu colonial. Amaninzi, kubaphangi wenza abaphila njengoko ukuphanga mthetho elizimeleyo, kodwa abanye babo bazibona kwinkonzo karhulumente ngenjongo ukwenzakaliswa navies amazwe.

Frensis Dreyk

It wazalwa ngo-1540 Frensis Dreyk wazalelwa kwintsapho efama esiqhelekileyo, yaye kwakungekho miqondiso ukuba wayeza kuba Pirate olukhulu esasihamba. A ijika elibi ebomini bakhe kwenzeka kule minyaka ili-12 xa abazali wafudukela Kent. Kukho elivisayo waba inkwenkwe kwindlu loke yomthengisi. Umnini sikhephe isalamane sakhe esikude. Ukubhubha, wanika inqanawa lilifa Drake. Ngoko ke ukuba kwenzeka oluphawulekayo kwiminyaka eli-18, lo mfana induna.

Njengazo zonke ezinye oomatiloshe ababephila, uFrancis waphupha kweelwandle kude yasentshona, apho ukususela kwixesha ukufunyanwa kwabo baqhubeka ukusingatha baseSpeyin. Kubaphangi edume kakhulu elo xesha, njengoko igolide American galleons othathe nisindwayo yasebukhosini. BaseSpeyin elilawulwa ngokwenene eWest Indies yaye akayi ayinike ubutyebi ukuya British. Phakathi iinqanawa mazwe mabini zisoloko baxabana. Kwenye kuzo ngo-1567 Frensis Dreyk ukuba phantse waphulukana nobomi bakhe. Kuzo zonke IsiNgesi umkhosi wasinda iinqanawa ezimbini kuphela. Emva kweso siganeko, abantu baseSpeyin baba archenemies Drake.

Francis evela amagunya abo lomenzi corsair kunye nelungelo amaxhoba ezamahala utshaba iziseko. Ukuthatha eli thuba, i-P zifakiwe iinqaba iSpanish kunye beemboniselo kwi zeCaribbean. Ngowe-1572, iqela lakhe wambamba umthwalo omkhulu zesilivere. E England kubamba wahamba neetoni 30 kwensimbi amanene.

Drake waduma kungekuphela nje baseSpeyin isiphango, kodwa nje Explorer onesibindi. Ngowe-1577, koroleva Elizaveta ndithumele hambo ehlabathini. Oku le Pirate yaba eliNgesi wokuqala obognuvshim umhlaba. Kuhambo lwakhe, wafumanisa ukuba Tierra del Fuego - sisiqithi, kungekhona kwilizwekazi emazantsi, njengoko phambi kokuba kuqwalaselwe eYurophu. Emva kokubuya kwakhe Frensis Dreyk iye knighted waza waba Nkosi. ezinegunya ayizange iguquke imikhwa ingcuka yolwandle. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwakhona ezama kwi uhambo entsha ezayo.

Ngowe-1588 Frensis Dreyk ndabandakanyeka kakhulu ekubulaleni Homepage Spanish. IsiNgesi uloyiso nqanawa sisandulela kwamandla yolwandle British kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela. Emva kwale mpumelelo Drake izihlandlo eziliqela bahamba uhambo ukuya eWest Indies. Kwi- Caribbean ukuba siyatshabalalisa isiseko utshaba iipirate kuphazamisa buyanceda kurhwebo British. Sir Drake wafa ngo-1596 ngethuba lokuya ePanama. ebhokisini phambili wangcwatyelwa olwandle. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, oku wamazwe kunye wamazwe - the P edume kakhulu kwinkulungwane ye-16.

Henry Morgan

UHenry Morgan wazalwa ngo-1635 ezinzulwini i-Welsh usapho lo mhlaba. Lo mfana waba indlalifa kayise, kodwa uthando lwakhe ubuntwana yaba ezolimo kunye nolwandle. Njengoko ixesha eliboniswe, uthando kolundi kude bugwetyelwe. Kubaphangi edume ayenomona ngenxa yempumelelo yolu uHenry Morgan, owaba banentsomi ophilileyo ngexesha lakhe.

indoda Young eliNgesi waqesha enqanaweni en eya izibuko kwisiqithi Barbados. Kanye zeCaribbean, Morgan waqala ukwakha umsebenzi omangalisayo njenge P. Ngokujoyina kubaphangi, wafudukela Jamaica. Jung ngokukhawuleza yaba lilungu le-kuphangwa, injongo ephambili kuzo beza nenkunzi ukuze izitya ngesandla. Ngexesha elifutshane inkwenkwe wayesazi yonke imithetho namasiko eziphila elwandle. Sele ebutsheni bakhe, waba umnini eyinkunzi enkulu, ekhandiweyo kunye SANDF nengeniso likhula ithambo. Ngale mali, uHenry wathenga inqanawa yakhe yokuqala.

kungekudala kakhulu nkqu pirates edume wayevile malunga zingaxhelwa kunye luck Morgan. Around iqela Pirate yabumba amarhamente. Ukuze inqanawa yakhe, waqala ukuhlanganyela izinto ezintsha. Ukukhula yempembelelo ayikwazanga kodwa kungakhokelela amabhongo ukukhula. Ngowe-1665, Morgan wagqiba ukunikela iinqanawa iphanga waza waqalisa uceba umsebenzi ukuze bambambe wonke umzi. Injongo yakhe yokuqala ukuvela Trujillo. Ke umphangi yayibamba iziseko eziliqela iSpanish eCuba. Kwaye privateers elula, kwaye Pirates edume ayikwazanga kuqhayisa kwempumelelo ezinjalo.

Kwishishini idumileyo zomkhosi Morgan waqalisa uhambo lwakhe ePanama, lwenzeka ngo-1670. Ngeli xesha, kwaba sele umkhosi weenqanawa-35 kunye nabasebenzi abantu 2000 ukuba ziyisebenzise umphangi. Le band yafika e Panama yaye wafudukela enqabeni Spanish kwegama elifanayo. Nangona ikampu wababala amajoni 2.5 amawaka, wayengakwazi ukuze akhusele isixeko. Ukuthatha Panama, Pirates wabatshabalalisa bonke inkani, baphanga bonke bakwazi ukufikelela. Esi sixeko sasimi phezu ngomlilo batshatyalaliswe. Emva kokuba ekuphangeni, amagama pirates edume libunile nxamnye imvelaphi Henry Morgan.

Xa izifundo British babuyela Jamaica, ebeyinalo isithsaba, ngesiquphe abasemagunyeni bambamba. Yaba kukuba ngosuku olwandulela London kunye Madrid benze uxolo. Pirates angenzi egameni likarhulumente, kodwa ndandikuthanda connivance yakhe azithanda. Ukuba uxolo awawenza eSpeyin, urhulumente baseBritane wathembisa ukuba nokulawula iipirate yayo. UHenry Morgan wathunyelwa ekhaya. Indlu yakhe belinde zentendelezo, kodwa inkqubo kuphela umboniso fake. Abasemagunyeni abazange uza kubohlwaya P ukunikezela ngeenkonzo njengoko abaninzi ekulweni ulawulo Spanish phezu kolwandle.

Kungekudala Henry Morgan wabuyela Jamaica. Waba usekela-irhuluneli esiqithini umthetheli izithuthi akhe, nempi. Kwixesha elizayo, Pirates bayaqhubeka ukuba bakhonze isithsaba. Wafa ngowe-1688 kwaye ngembeko wangcwatyelwa Church of Port Royal. Jamaica komhlaba wavuthulula iminyaka embalwa, kwaye nengcwaba ka uMorgan wahlamba elwandle.

Enn Bonni

Nangona inkunzi elwandle ngamaxesha onke kuye bebefudula kuphela wathandana eyindoda, akukho ngaphantsi umdla kubaphangi edume ababhinqileyo. Omnye wabo Enn Bonni (wazalwa ngo-1700). Waya kwintsapho Irish esisityebi. Xa ndandisengumntwana, uyise sathenga Estate kude America. Ngoko Anne wafudukela Yehlabathi Elitsha.

Intombi 18 yr ubudala wabaleka endlwini kwaye lazibandakanye ekuqaliseni olumnandi entsha. Wadibana the P Jack Rackham waza wagqiba ekubeni bazibandakanye adventures yakhe elwandle. Le ntombazana kwafuneka siqhelane iimpahla zabantu kwaye bayazi unezakhono umlo kunye ukudubula. Iqela Rackham yathinjwa abasemagunyeni 1720. Captain abulawe, kodwa isohlwayo lonke ixesha Anne makongezelwe elinye ixesha ngenxa lokukhulelwa kwakhe. kwizibetho zayo okulandelayo kuhlala ayaziwa.

Kolunye uhlobo lwe Bonnie wakhululwa waza wafa ngexesha ayihlasela njalo kwezinye wamhlangula uyise eziphezulu, emva koko umphangi yangaphambili wachitha ubomi bakhe bonke eMzantsi Carolina waza wafa ngowe-1782 eneminyaka engama ivuthiwe endala. Enoba lwalunjani, kubaphangi edume ababhinqileyo (enye indoda edumileyo ngelo xesha Meri Msuseni) yenza amarhe ngaphezu noogxa babo abangamadoda.

Chernaya Boroda

nani Legendary Blackbeard isahleli iyeyona ezaziwa kakhulu kwi oothixo P. Phantsi kwale moniker bazifihla Edvard Tich. Malunga ebuntwaneni bakhe phantse nto iyaziwa. Seaman wamemezela ngokwayo ngo 1713, xa eneminyaka engama-33 ubudala wajoyina nabaphangi Benjamin Hornigold. Njengabo bonke Pirates edumileyo, eli qela kuzingelwa xa umthwalo enomtsalane elixabisekileyo zeCaribbean. Fundisa yaba Pirate yokwenene efanelekileyo. Yena wayengazi nto ngaphandle behlasela rhoqo kunye nokubamba. inqanawa yakhe "ukuziphindezela Queen Anne kaThixo" Ndandisoyikela njengokuba oomatiloshe, zamajoni emhlabeni.

Ngowe-1717, enkosi imigudu umbusi Bahamas abasemagunyeni baye baqala kumzabalazo esingenalusini nxamnye iipirate. Iimeko ezintsha ezingaqhelekanga, amasela ezininzi (kuquka omnye Benjamin Hornigold) wagqiba ekubeni abeke phantsi izixhobo zabo kwaye ufumane uxolelo yasebukhosini. Noko ke, Thich wala ukutshintsha ubomi babo. Ukususela ngoko, uye waba lutshaba №1 ukuba imikhosi yamajoni kunye aselwandle yaseBritani.

namapirates edumileyo, eyala zinokuqukwa umyalelo omtsha, wajoyina Blackbeard. Adventure idumileyo eyaba umthetheli kuvalwe iindlela iCharleston eMzantsi Carolina. Abaphangi wathimba abantu abaninzi abadala, yaye ngenxa ekubuyeni kwabo ndafumana intlawulelo enkulu.

host kukhohlisa "ukuziphindezela Queen Anne kaThixo" oko kuba msulwa. Abasemagunyeni uthembise intloko Pirate iikhilogram-100, nto leyo ke intywenka. On Blackbeard waqalisa ukufuna ngokwenene. ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, November 22, 1718 Edvard Tich wabulawa odwa zilwe ngokuchasene iqela uLieutenant Robert Maynard. Amaxesha amaninzi pirates edume kakhulu futhi neenqanawa zabo uphazamisekile ulwandle elifutshane kakhulu kodwa engenakulibaleka ubomi. Ngoko ke ilifa Blackbeard.

Bartholomew Roberts

Uzuko, eyasetyenziswa kubaphangi edumileyo embalini, lwase ngeenxa zonke a lot of namarhe iintsomi. Bartholomew Roberts wayengekho Kwimeko ongasetyenziswayo kuyo lo mgaqo. It wothulelw mbhali Pirate Code - uluhlu lwemithetho, njengako apho izizukulwana ezininzi iipirate waphila.

Roberts wazalwa ngo-1682 kwidolophu encinane Welsh of Haverfordwest. ngohambo waqala slaver emkhombeni, apho yakwaBartholomew yaba umthetheli oncedisayo. Kuba abaphangi, wavuka kwiminyaka 37, xa waqesha inqanawa "Princess of London." Kwisithuba senyanga enesiqingatha isela abo basandula kuqalisa wonyulwa umthetheli inqanawa yakhe.

amashishini ezizimeleyo Further Roberts wamenza edumileyo kumazwe amaninzi kunye neelwandle. Ngelo xesha kwakucingwa ukuba yena - P amabi kakhulu ehlabathini. Iqela Bartholomew wenza nje kuphela zeCaribbean, kodwa amanzi onxweme ka-West Africa, Brazil kunye Canada. Abaphangi baphanga yonke into unokumnceda na ukuthengisa: inkundla kunye isinyithi amanene, le galleons uboya emantla, izikhephe kunye iimpahla ezimbalwa American. flagship Its Roberts wenza uBrigadier French zebiwe, koko wathi: "Royal Pirate."

Bartholomew wabulawa 1722 ngexesha uhambo zesiqhelo Afrika, apho belicinga ukwenza urhwebo ngamakhoboka inzuzo. Legendary Pirate mkhuba konakalisa amaqabane akhe ukuba asele. Xa inqanawa yaseBritani bahlaselwa ngesiquphe emkhombeni ka Roberts, iqela lakhe lonke ufile enxilile. Kubaphangi idumileyo zeCaribbean kunye gosa the Royal Navy akhwankqiswa yenzekile: yonke kwabonakala ukuba Bartholomew okukhulu. Roberts bema nxamnye imvelaphi namaqabane akhe, impumelelo yabo nje kuphela, kodwa kananjalo umkhwa ukunxiba kakuhle, yaye Ukwehluleka ukugembula angehli. Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba wayengomnye P kakhulu ezinkulu ngexesha lakhe.

Genri Everi

Ngexesha ukuphila kwakhe Genri Everi ekufumaneni ezininzi lweziqhulo. Abanye ababephila babembiza Ben ezibhityileyo, enye - Arhipiratom. Lyubov Everi ukuze ulwandle igqitywa iingcambu zakhe. uyise uHenry wakhonza ikapteni British Navy. Ngowe-1659 usapho igosa yena wazala unyana, lowo wayemiselwe ukuba abe ngomnye kubaphangi kakhulu ezimibalabala yaye edume ngexesha lakhe.

Okokuqala, lo mthetho elizayo baqhubeka nohambo iinqanawa zabarhwebi, uze emva koko indawo phezu umphangi. Ngowe-1694, elilukhuni oneminyaka eli-25 ubudala aqashwe ligqabhuke. Umahluko omkhulu inqanawa ukusuka P zakudala yayikukuba lalahlekelwa, ayifikela abarhwebi angaphandle ngokwemvume ngurhulumente. Ngamanye amaxesha izivumelwano aphulwe xa inqanawa wayeka umvuzo, yalila mutinied. Oomatiloshe wagqiba ukuba Pirates, endaweni kaputeni wakhetha entsha. Bafumana Genri Emeri.

Inkokeli entsha abaphangi bayishiya zeCaribbean waya Indian Ocean, apho waba endala. Site ye yokumisa yokuqala elide yaba eMadagascar. Emva koko iqela elilukhuni ehlasela imikhumbi ukuba Indian Mughal Empire. Abaphangi bakwazi ukufaka inani elikhulu impahla enqabileyo oriental nazo zonke iintlobo izacholo. On efunisela nenzuzo ezifana waphupha yonke kubaphangi of America. Emva koko uhambo Avery Wayengasabonakali. Kwake ukuba wafudukela eNgilani yaye wazama ukuba ukuqala ishishini ngokunyaniseka yaye ekugqibeleni zonakale ngokupheleleyo.

Thomas Tew

Indlela emayilandelwe xa ngohambo yakhe edumileyo Genri Emeri, ebizwa ngokuba "Pirate Round." Okokuqala lo mzila (Atlantic - South Africa - Madagascar - India) uThomas Tew. Njengoko waqala elilukhuni privateer kunye Pirate lugqityiwe. Ngowe-1693 yena ehluthwe iinqanawa eziliqela kuLwandle Olubomvu. Ngaphambi kokuba ahlasele, namatshijolo yaseYurophu akazange ezingelwa kule ndawo. Mhlawumbi oku edibene nale impumelelo Tew - mntu kulindeleke ukubonakala manenekazi zeCaribbean wethamsanqa.

Ngexesha uhambo lwakhe lwesibini eMadagascar, ngempazamo uTomas wadibana Genri Emeri. Ngenxa amarhe ukusasazwa ngemali lula kumazwe neleMpuma pirates edume ngoku sifuna ukuba kubadlali impumelelo Tew. Kule Pirate captain memory wahlala kanye njengoko discoverer le "Circle". Ngaphezu ukwenza, akazange abe nexesha. Ngowe-1695, Thomas Tew wabulawa ngexesha kuhlaselwa wayenothotho Mogul.

Thomas Cavendish

Uluhlu, equka pirates edumileyo embalini, akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle ukukhankanywa Thomas Cavendish (1560-1592). Waye owayephila Francis Drake. Iibhayografi ye pirates ezimbini ezisebenzayo iimfuno isithsaba IsiNgesi, banezinto ezininzi abafana ngazo. Cavendish emva Drake bagqiba kwelokuba bemke emhlabeni wonke. I uhambo, kwenziwa 1586-1588 gg., Ngaba ayikho kwaphela seluxolweni. Ezigudle America, Pirates IsiNgesi exhakamfula abaninzi abotshwe liphuphuma kunye neenkundla ngegolide Spanish. Ngandlel 'ithile, uhambo Thomas Cavendish waba nobuganga obukwanjalo. BaseSpeyin babecinga ukuba Pacific Ocean ukuba "ichibi yangaphakathi" kwaye waba nomsindo xa abaphangi angaphandle ukungena kula manzi nangoku ayaziwa.

Uhlaselo Iqela inzuzo Cavendish wenza kufuphi nonxweme Mexico. Izifundo Elizabeth I wahlasela galleon, ibithwele unikezelo lonyaka zegolide Peruvian (120,000 iipeso). Enye Pirates olinga ohlawulayo waqala zokupaka Java. Esi siqithi idume pepper kunye cloves. Izinongo ngelo xesha eziqingqwe kuLuhlu ubunzima amatye anqabileyo. Cavendish ikwazile ukufumana umthwalo omkhulu ye parameter. Pirates wabuyela Plymouth lokuzalwa kwakhe ngo-1588. Iindawo ezinika umdla emhlabeni wonke iminyaka emi-2 kunye neentsuku ezingama-50, baye usete irekhodi isantya, eyayibanjelwe kangangeenkulungwane ezimbini yonke.

Cavendish wachitha ngokukhawuleza kwenza intywenka. Kwiminyaka embalwa emva kokuba impumelelo yakhe Akumangalisi kunjalo wathatha uhambo yesibini, efuna ukuphinda kanye uloyiso lwakhe lokugqibela. Kodwa ke eli xesha P sinale ndoyisiwe. Ngowe-1592 wafa amanzi Atlantic Ocean. Yezizathu nqanawa Cavendish yazika kufuphi Ascension Island.

Fransua Olone

Nangona pirates edume kakhulu futhi neenqanawa zabo, njengoko umthetho, ziye ezinxulumene ne eNgilani, bona igolide zabo kunye namanye amazwe. Umzekelo, uphawu obalulekileyo kwimbali ngasekhohlo engumFrentshi Fransua Olone (1630-1671). Xa kwasebuncinaneni bakhe, waba ezanyulwa kwizibuko iphambili Pirates Caribbean Tortuga. Ngowe-1662, lo esisihange oselula corsair ndafumana lomenzi waza waqalisa ukuya kuzingela iinqanawa Spanish. Xa inqanawa iphele Ohlone. Pirate ezikhutshelwa kunxweme Mexican, apho yena neqela lakhe wahlaselwa yi baseSpeyin beza sindisa. babulawa Zonke isiFrentshi, kwaye ngathi nje ukuba ixesha ufile Ohlone wasinda.

Kwishishini zibalaseleyo Francois waba abanjwe ngayo isixeko saseSpeyin Maracaibo eVenezuela namhlanje. Behlaselwa daredevils egesi bamba zonke iinqanawa ezintlanu. Endleleni, kubaphangi baphanga inqanawa Spanish wafumana bambamba impahla exabisekileyo impahla kunye koko. Ekufikeni ukuya mpumalanga, Ohlone kwakhokelela sisithuko Fort, ikampu leyo eyayifikelela kwi-800. Pirates babamba le nqaba uDavide, waza wafumana bambamba 80.000 piastres zesilivere. Maracaibo ukuwa imbeko umthetheli igama elithi "isibetho baseSpeyin."

Eli phulo lokugqibela isela odumileyo French waqalisa uhambo lwakhe eNicaragua. Emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukucinga Pirates ngeniso bababamba emkhombeni, zithwele ngephepha cheap. Ngenxa yokusilela iqela babuyela Tortuga. Ohlone waqhubeka zivule, kodwa ngelishwa eyintloko kufuphi Cartagena, inqanawa yakhe yaphuka. Ukuze baye kufika elunxwemeni wona French abantu 40 wahlaselwa sisihlwele of Indians. Local zadliwa enzela zayidla Ohlone kunye neqela lakhe.

Amaro Pargo

Amaro Pargo - enye pirates abaziwayo Spanish. Wazalwa ngo-1678 elikwiiCanary Islands kwaye ebutsheni waba athunyelwe zothutho amakhoboka asuka eAfrika ukuya eMelika. izisebenzi Free ezitiyeni ezixabisa kakhulu kunene, ngoko ngokukhawuleza Pargo baba zizityebi. Yena waba lutshaba efungelweyo lelasesilevini abamnyama ngokubanzi zonke Pirates IsiNgesi.

Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ngo-1747 Pargo wenza umyolelo apho wabonisa ukuba esifubeni wangcwatywa ubuncwane ezisemagqabini: isilivere, negolide, neyeeperile, izihombiso ezinamatye anqabileyo, amatye anqabileyo kunye amalaphu imali eninzi. Kuba iminyaka embalwa, le buncwane bazama ukufumana izama ezininzi, kuquka Pirates edumileyo. Nakule ilifa Pargo kusekho inani elikhulu amabala amhlophe. Phezu kwako ekufuneni ukuba P ebuncwaneni Spanish akukho mntu ke wafunyanwa.