Iziqhamo yodaka kunye polyspermous. iziqhamo yodaka is ntoni?

Uninzi imisebenzi yabo kwezoqoqosho umntu osebenzisa ngqo iziqhamo zezityalo. yeepesika limnandi, amaqunube esiqholiweyo, tomato ivuthiwe, yeeavokhado ongaqhelekanga - wonke ungakhetha uju ukunambitha. Kodwa ke nangona iyantlukwano umxhelo, zonke iziqhamo ezineefitsha eziqhelekileyo zesakhiwo. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Yintoni na iziqhamo?

Yeziqhamo - nentyantyambo iguqulwe kancinane. Yena ivela emva kokuba inkqubo zivelise imbewu isichumiso. Thelo kwakheka kuphela nje ngenxa nentyatyambo intyatyambo. Ngoko ke, baqhayise eneentyatyambo kuphela (angiosperms), abameli ubukumkani izityalo. Nam ibihlungu ephakamileyo okanye gymnosperms musa okwentyatyambo, yaye ngenxa yoko musani awakhi siqhamo.

Legend yokuba umntu owafumana intyatyambo omfisi, sanikwa iipropati zobugqi. Kodwa izazinzulu kudala bafumanisa ukuba ibihlungu-izityalo ezizo intyatyambo.

Le ukungaqondi yesibini kukuba cone - iziqhamo Conifers. Botany uphikisa le vekeleke xona. Gymnosperms Conifers musa okwentyatyambo, yaye ke azinako ukuba iziqhamo. Iikhowuni ze nespruce kunye pine imithi - oku nje nenguqulo yokuphuma. A "amaqunube" izazinzulu yejunipha amancinci kubiza shishkoyagody kwaye kwakhona ukuqwalasela nenguqulo yokuphuma.

isakhiwo

Amaninzi, uninzi iziqhamo ithatha pericarp ezingqonge imbewu. Igama lakhe yesibini - le pericarp, leyo liguqulelwe ngeendlela Greek "ehlabathini umbungu." Ubume zonke izityalo siquka ezintathu: engaphandle, phakathi kunye ngaphakathi. Umaleko engaphandle inika ukhuseleko ngokuchasene umonakalo. Ngoko ke, yena okanye bulishica, okanye ixesha elide kakhulu. Ukuze ukutsala izilwanyana, kunye olwenzeka unikezelo imbewu, lo maleko kudla nemibala eqaqambileyo. Umaleko eliphakathi unikezelo lwamanzi kunye izondlo eziyimfuneko ngokhuseleko kunye nembewu nophuhliso. Umaleko engaphakathi ngakumbi likhusela imbewu. Umzekelo, neplam bulishica zangaphandle yaso medium. A ithambo lwasekhaya emelwe. Kubume apile iyafana kweemaleko engaphandle, yaye ngaphakathi kukho iikhamera filmy, ekukho kuyo imbewu.

Pericarp kwakheka ikakhulu ngenxa eludongeni yamaqanda (cherry, Plum). Ngamanye amaxesha imfundo yakhe uthabathe inxaxheba kwezinye iindawo intyantyambo; ke isitya, isiseko stamens, sepals, iintyatyambo.

Ngaphakathi ese exolweni imbewu ukuvela emva kokukhulelwa le Ovule.

Pericarp sikhusela imbewu evela iimeko ezinzima, ngokukhuselwa utshintsho umonakalo lobushushu ngoomatshini. Kuyinto ngenxa iziqhamo izityalo kweentyatyambo yathatha isikhundla ebhudla ehlabathini yezityalo. Ngenxa yokuba imbewu yabo akhuselwe kakuhle kukugodola, kwaye umthombo wokutya ngexesha lokusekwa intsholongwane. Oku kunika uncedo ebalulekileyo phezu luwela kunye gymnosperms, imbewu kunye iimbewu ikhuselwe nto.

ngezigaba

Ulwahlulo labaphandi iziqhamo systematics awayibeka ngayo imiqondiso emininzi. Ngokutsho isakhiwo pericarp, ukuba zomile kwaye iindaba zimnandi.

pericarp iziqhamo Odrevesnevevshy okanye bulishica owomileyo iqulethe imali encinci amanzi. Kwaye apha eliphambili, phezu koko, oko esinamanzi kwaye liqulathe ulwazi oluninzi kwezondlo.

Ngokutsho inani imbewu bodwa iziqhamo Performance Improvement Plan kunye polyspermous. Ukwahlula phakathi kwabo elula kakhulu. Yodaka iziqhamo, embewu mnye, ezifana Plum okanye cherry. Ertyisi, zikajongilanga, uhlobo poppy iziqhamo polyspermous. Nanjengoko igama layo lixela, ukuba ziqulathe imbewu ezininzi.

Ukusuka njengentyantyambo kunye pistil mnye wambumba iziqhamo elilula. Ukuba pistils intyatyambo eziliqela, ibunjiwe inani nelo fruitlets ezincinane. Ndawonye bakha entsokothileyo okanye ibandla, ezifana raspberry okanye blackberry.

Olunye uhlobo aba neziqu. Ntoni na ke? Bona akhiwa ingqiqo yokulwela inguqu kunye leziqhamo ngamnye. Kwindalo, ukuba inokufumaneka yemibhaka okanye nepayina.

isithelo PIP

Iziqhamo, embewu omnye unokuba zombini ezinamagqabi neyomileyo. iziqhamo Omnye-yodaka eyomileyo ezisasazwa kwindalo. Baye kubaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho. Umzekelo, ikofu - isiqhamo somthi coffee - ezisetyenziswayo xa kwenziwa imveliso yesiselo enuka kamnandi ashushu. Fruits oki imbewu abanobutyebi istatshi. Zisebenziselwa ukondla izilwanyana. iziqhamo yodaka yi-amangile - eliphekwe izibambiso nut ezwe.

Limnandi PIP neziqhamo iyathandwa imphathe izilwanyana kunye nabantu. Cherry, oningga, apricot, Plum - amanzi futhi ngolangazelelo kubo eziqhelekileyo wonke.

-Yodaka Enye iziqhamo ezomileyo

Xa cereals pericarp edidekile ngokuqinileyo ingubo imbewu. Ngenxa yoko caryopsis badla ngokuba imbewu. Imizekelo izityalo ezinjalo oats, irye, ingqolowa, umbona, iintsiba.

Achene yembewu yahlukile kuloo pericarp engekho ihlanganiswa ingubo imbewu. Ezi iziqhamo babe asters, chrysanthemums noojongilanga.

Ukuze ufumanise ukuba iziqhamo yona imbewu enye, ungafumana siqhelane isakhiwo lionfish. pericarp yayo ikhula ibe likhaba ngathi iphiko ize isasaze imbewu umlotha, ezinde, Linden kunye Elm ngumoya.

iziqhamo yodaka into eyayi. Yena odrevesnevevshy pericarp. Shono abanye abantu thelekisa kuye, ubiza nut nzima ukuzivula.

PIP iziqhamo eliphambili

Njengoko isakhiwo iziqhamo zimnandi zifumaneka umzekelo drupes, eyabonisa ngokucacileyo zonke zontathu zikhabane. Kuye ekzokarpy bulishica, mesocarp inyama kunye endocarp enemithi, ukwakha ithambo. drupes PIP iziqhamo Juicy ngaphakathi ithambo ziqulathe imbewu.

Nangona isakhiwo ecacileyo yohlobo olufanayo, ahluke ngezizathu ezithile. Yeyona umbala dermal maleko ubungakanani engaphandle foetal nemilo yayo. Umgangatho ezixabisekileyo isondlo ngenxa yobukho eyile inyama medium umaleko.

Bone ekhusela imbewu, ekwabizwa ngokuba vnutriplodnikom. Ngamnye kubo ipateni yayo eyodwa kweentlobo. Hi xikombiso, le cherry kunye apricot sisigingqi kakuhle, oningga kunqunyulwa kunye vee nzulu, ngoxa Plum like rough.

Ngaba iziqhamo yodaka kunye raspberry kunye yemibhaka. Nakuba ke ekhangeleka isiqhamo esinye, enyanisweni na drupes ezincinane, amaqhina oqhagamshelwano - seedheads.

Isakhiwo morphological wethambo libonakale kwinkalo egqiba iintlobo zezityalo. uhlobo iziqhamo drupe zonke amalungu entsapho Rosaceae.

thelo omile polyspermous

Pip iziqhamo, imizekelo apho esele zinikwe, kwindalo azixhaphakanga kwe nezalamane zabo polyspermous. Ngapha koko, ukuba imbewu izityalo ezininzi bafumana ithuba elingcono ukuze imbewu intshule basinde.

iziqhamo ezomisiweyo zibhengezwa okanye ezingavakaliyo. Iqela lokuqala i imbotyi into kwandiswa macala omabini, kwaye imbewu ekulo zincamathele abasuke (ertyisi, iimbotyi, ilusini, clover).

Pod elijongeka iimbotyi, uphakathi ukwahlukanisa mbungu apho ziqhotyoshelwe imbewu. Umahluko le pod na silicle, eyahluke kuphela ngobukhulu. Pod neziqhamo ikhaphetshu, lwemostade, rape, Mattioli kunye silicle - yamali umalusi, Thlaspi, klopovnik et al.

Ibhokisi oluvezwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: ukusuka poppy kunye Corydalis - amazinyo phezulu, ukususela henbane kunye ngeplantain - usebenzisa oonobumba, ngokuhlaziya - i geraniums kunye ntyatyambo.

Phetshana - owomileyo multi-yodaka iziqhamo imenyu kwicala elinye. Oko kubonakala larkspur kunye marigold.

Isityalo umdla namandongomane. Iintyatyambo neziqhamo, yenza phantsi komhlaba. Kuba lo ngulowo ngokuba namandongomane.

iziqhamo eliphambili polyspermous

Fruits elolu hlobo linophawu iipropati ezixabisekileyo kunye ukunambitheka kubaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho. Wonke umntu uyazi okumnandi currants, iiblueberries, gooseberries. umaleko zabo zangaphezulu bulishica ezifana drupes, kunye nezinye emibini - zimnandi.

On kwezi zizathu berry lusisiqhamo itumata - wonke itumata ozithandayo - neetapile. Potato iziqhamo ngobubi kwaye enetyhefu kuba ziqulathe solanine alkaloid. Le into uyakwazi ezimbi ityhefu ephilayo.

Le zemlyanichina iziqhamo thaca isitya yene, apho yintlama lesuka yi weminoti amancinci - imbewu amaqunube okanye nestrawberry.

Apple lukhula nje kuphela kwi-apile. Olu hlobo siqhamo bulishica kunye nenyama umaleko eliphakathi yangaphandle. Kwaye ke yangaphakathi ezingenisiweyo iikhamera filmy ukuba ngokuthembekileyo ukukhusela imbewu. Ezi thelo pere, quince, intaba uthuthu.

Njengoko ubona, iziqhamo zahlukahlukene xa isakhiwo neempawu ezahlukeneyo. Bona zisetyenziselwa ukulima izityalo, usasazo kunye nokukhuselwa iimbewu. Kwaye ngenxa yobukho izondlo incasa amnandi imveliso yokutya esibalulekileyo kwezilwanyana nabantu.