Inyikima eCrimea ngo-1927: imiphumo. Projections ukuba elizayo

Siye wasinda eninzi ubungqina inyikima egqugqisileyo eyathi yenzeka eziliqela kwiminyaka engamawaka eyadlulayo. Bavame isizathu sokuba ukususela imephu emizini yonke shwaka, kwaye inani lamaxhoba kulinganiselwa amashumi amawaka abantu.

imimandla "ekucamngceni" kukho kwilizwe lethu. Oku wakhumbuza inyikima eCrimea May 13, 2016.

izizathu

Ngokutsho kweengcali, kuloo ndawo phakathi Gurzuf kunye Yalta, kuLwandle Black, kukho ummandla apho sesona waphawula epicentres komhlaba iCrimea. izilonda zabo akholisa ibekwe 10-40 km ukusuka elunxwemeni. Noko ke, ukuba busisigxina kubunzulu ka 200-2000 m, kwezindawo kwithambeka isabelo isitya Sea Black. Kwaba kukhona ke adjoin iinkalo kolu qweqwe lomhlaba, benza intshukumo nkqo oppositely ngqo. Kwenzeka okudodobalisa kwaye zihamba ziinyikima.

Enye imbangela iingcangcazela kwi eCrimea - nokhuthazo ezintabeni ezinxulumene nabo prodviganiem ngaphantsi kolwandle. izigidi ezininzi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo ngenxa ezinjalo iinkqubo kwakhiwa Pilyaki, sharh, Ayu-Dag, Castel et al., ke ungqubano zinamandla yaba unobangela dubulo lo mlilo Karadag.

Obunye empuma-ntshona kumgca nandzu enamandla uhamba nxamnye "Simferopol-Bakhchisarai". Kule zone, naye ukulanda of iinyikima yamandulo ngohlobo iidipozithi zeengxondorha igneous emihadini ezininzi.

isimo uzamazama

Ngelo xesha umhlaba ngamandlakazi phantsi usingasiqithi ka eCrimea kunye noLwandle Black emazantsi kuqhubeka ukuba ezahlukeneyo iinkqubo ngokwasemzimbeni kunye imichiza.

Ngenxa iintshukumo ezinamandla ziitectonic plates phezu iziphene Peninsula kwesikhoko yawa nezinto eziphilayo (umthi, umgquba Bog, ichibi yl, njalo-njalo), kubunzulu enkulu ingeniso yabo ibile, kwaye oluludaka walibumba ukuba lukhutshwa mlilo udaka.

Ngomhla kummandla eCrimea naye wayeziva ngayo nakujoliso olutsha inyikima zisuswe usingasiqithi for amakhulu okanye amawaka eekhilomitha. Ngokomzekelo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i "echo 'amandla 2-4 yabonwa ngenxa yokuba nazo eqhubeka eRomania, Iraq ne Turkey.

Le nyikima kakhulu egqugqisileyo eyathi yenzeka kwi eCrimea de benkulungwane ye-18

Kukholelwa ukuba ukukhankanywa yokuqala ebhaliweyo eentlekele zendalo hlobo ingxelo ethi Pavla Oroziya "Nxamnye iintlanga," ibhalwe BC ngenkulungwane 5. e. Kuyo wathi ngowama-63 BC. e. njengoko kwathi kwabakho inyikima kwi eCrimea, yabulala abantu abaninzi baza batshatyalaliswa imizi yonke.

Ingozi efanayo eyenzeka Hersonissos ngoSeptemba okanye Oktobha-480 AD. Esi siganeko ifuze Umbhalo owafunyanwa kwi Uqhekekile umzi.

Emva iinyikima strong zarekhodwa ngo-1292 yaye ngo-1471 ngokulandelelanayo. Ukongeza, umsebenzi George baseByzantium Kedrina "Imbali" libhekisela intlekele yendalo eyayikho 1341, xa emva izothuso Peninsula ubunzima izikhukula kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-10 (ukusuka elunxwemeni). Kuyabonakala ukuba, lo kwakuqale elwandle, apho unobangela kwamaza phezulu kakhulu.

Iinyikima kwi eCrimea kwi 18-19-s eminyaka

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-18 ziye zasinda inkcazelo eneenkcukacha ngakumbi iziganeko seismic. Umzekelo, isazinzulu Russian imvelaphi German P. Pallas wabanika inkcazelo eneenkcukacha iinyikima ka-1790 kunye neminyaka 1793rd, kodwa iingcangcazela ezibhalwe 1802, ubungqina eneenkcukacha wemka Sumarokov. Le yokugqibela wayebukele kubo Sevastopol, apho amandla ngoku- yaba amanqaku 6.

Ingakumbi khumbula abemi lizwe e inyikima ebusuku kwi eCrimea ngo-1838, apho waziva nje kuphela kwiidolophu zonxweme Southern, kodwa Simferopol.

Kwakhona intlekele kwenzeka ngo-1869. ubonakala waba kufuphi Foros, yabangela umonakalo isakhiwo kumaxesha ngamaRoma, kwabangela ukwesaba phakathi kwabantu.

iintlekele seismic eziye zenzeka kwinkulungwane yama-20

Le nyikima ngokwanelisayo strong yokuqala ibhalwe ngoJanuwari 1902. Ngethamsanqa, ayizange yenze iingxwelerha okanye umonakalo. Kwakhona Barr babonakala May 18, 1908. Ukongeza, i-Ofisi amaxwebhu zokugcina Tauride irhuluneli linazo iirekhodi yinyikima ngamandla umothuko wamva 5-6, leyo yenzekile-Oktobha 24, 1908.

ubungqina obuninzi abalondolozwa ntlekele, leyo eyenzeka ngoDisemba 26, 1919. Le inyikima eCrimea sakhatshwa njengesiphango amandla angaqhelekanga. Nguye unobangela zezonakaliswa Yalta izibuko kwaye konakalise network yocingo.

Le nyikima yokuqala eCrimea ngo-1927

Ebudeni ihlobo ukwindla kule ngingqi yakumbona ekwandeni ziintshukumo zenyikima. Ngelo xesha yenyikima, leyo lwenzeka iiyure 13 imizuzu 21 26 Juni 1927, abalobi waphawula ukuba njengoko wabiliswa imozulu ecacileyo elwandle, waza weva ingxolo enkulu. Kwaba phezulu kangangokuba ndiqhiphuke abo uhlanjiweyo.

Inyikima eCrimea ngo-1927 kwakhokelwa inkangeleko zinomtya elide amagwebu, wolula lonke unxweme, kwi-Gulf phakathi Cape Plaka kunye Ayu-Dag.

Ngenxa umothuko wamva landslides ezinkulu kulo mmandla Sevastopol zarekhodwa, apho iintanda wabonakala kumakhaya amaninzi. Ukongeza, isakhiwo ubunzima enye yeetempile kunye imeyile. Ndaqalisa aphakuzele, kwaye nabakhenkethi baqalisa ukuhamba buphuthuphuthu ke iiholide losingasiqithi. Njengoko ingxelo yi kumaphephandaba yexesha, imali iyonke lelahleko liye ngaphaya engange million 1.

Le nyikima yomeleleyo eCrimea

Akukho nanye iintlekele zemvelo zingentla ayifani ngobungakanani bomonakalo ezenzeka kwi usingasiqithi ngobusuku 11 ngoSeptemba 12, 1927. Yalapho lalikhona kumazantsi Yalta, ngaphantsi kolwandle, kwaye yayolulekele ecaleni konxweme. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba inyikima yesibini eCrimea ngo-1927 ukuba amandla amanqaku 9.

iimpawu zakhe zokuqala waphawula yi balapha kunye nabakhenkethi malunga 8 emva kwemini. Ngokukodwa, abalimi nabafuyi baye baqaphela ukuba izilwanyana ziye ukukhathazeka okukhulu: ihashe whinnied kwaye bazama ukubaleka ukusuka izitali rhoqo mooing iinkomo, izinja kunye neekati bazama ukuhlala kufutshane abanini.

Abalobi abo bahamba bayakuloba intlanzi ebusuku, weva kukugquma kolwandle kule ndawo phakathi Sudak ne Alushta. Ukongeza, ukuba uyoyika i "ukubila 'yolwandle, kunye ezinzulwini zobusuku kuzo zonke zokuhlala kunxweme kwenja bamana bebhomboloza. imizuzu eli-15 emva kokuba ezinzulwini zobusuku, weva ukubhonga enamandla, ilizwe madolw 'anzima. Umfutho Weza nowesibini 10 imizuzwana emva yokuqala, yaye emva kwakhe bekusekho kokuthandabuza terra firma. Sea kuqala nangoko elunxwemeni, uze emva koko lwawela phezu kwentlabathi wave eliphezulu. Ezintabeni, ndeva ukubhonga zekhephu.

Le nyikima yomeleleyo eCrimea, leyo Petrov-Vodkin wanikezela omnye ngemizobo yakhe, yaba unobangela ukuphazamiseka ezininzi. Mosque - I Alushta ngamaRoma kwinqaba kunye ezininzi neehotele e Alupka yayonakele Vorontsov Palace. Kummandla Yalta abachaphazelekayo phantse ama-70 ekhulwini izakhiwo, kwaye kweso sixeko - yehotele "Yalta" yaye "Russia", ngokunjalo kumakhaya zokuhlala.

Iinyikima ezenzeka ngexesha lenkulungwane kwisiqingatha zokugqibela

Peninsula iyaqhubeka indawo zenyikima, kwaye ngeli xesha. Xa kwabakho enye inyikima eCrimea (1990), abaninzi baqalisa ukuba ukunyanga nobungozi kakhulu zenyikima. Kwaye ngokwemvelo, kuba okuzibonela yokuqala ka-1927 ntlekele asinda ngokulambisa, kwaye iingcangcazela yokugqibela ibhalwe phantsi kwinkulungwane yama-20, kwaba kunokuba buthathaka. Kwakungekho kwiintshabalaliso kunye nenyikima eCrimea May 13, 2016, nto leyo ekhokelele iqela iCrimea nje bayicime lula emadolweni. Noko ke, iingcali ukucebisa ukuba ukuphumla. Ngapha koko, nanini na ngexesha kwenzeka kakhulu kwabakho inyikima kwi eCrimea. Ezinye wezazi liqikelele elingamncediyo, ukususela ekubeni ngoku- strong lokugqibela eye phantse 80 iminyaka, yaye, njengoko amava abonisa, waze alufane. Nokuba sicingela ukuba ezi iingcali azilunganga, kufuneka baqonde ukuba neenyikima akucingeleki, kwaye kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi ezifana eCrimea, ukuba kungenzeka na ixesha.