Fish-ukutya intlanzi. Yintoni nokuba ukondla ngayo iintlanzi elwandle?

iplanethi yethu umiwe ngabameli ezimangalisayo zezilo, nganye eneyazo iimpawu zayo ezizodwa. Siyazi lukhulu malunga kubo: umzekelo, le koala akuthethi ukuba sasela manzi, ikati ukubona kakuhle ebumnyameni, kwaye Dolphins abe akrelekrele phantse yabantu. Kwaye yintoni esiyaziyo iintlanzi, kukho ngaphandle osetyenziswa ukutya, kwaye kukho zonke ngobubi kwaye ezinetyhefu?

Kweli nqaku, siza kukuxelela ngayo abemi ezimangalisayo lomlinganiselo kwamanzi, ukuba amaphiko: malunga ubomi babo enzulwini, kunye nemikhwa malunga intlanzi adle, kuxhomekeka kwindawo ahlala kuyo.

Uya kufumanisa ihlabathi engaziwayo zobukumkani kwamanzi, apho yonke into uzolile yaye ngoxolo njengoko kubonakala xa efika kuqala. Ngokomzekelo, amanzi ubomi iintlanzi, lusidla intlanzi kunye nezilwanyana ezincinane. Kukho kwakhona rybolyuby-iintaka izilwanyana zazidlala ukuba adle izibiliboco esandula ukubanjwa.

Ukuze ngamnye menu yakhe

Ngu uhlobo ukuziphatha kunye Imikhuba iintlanzi yahlulwe ikakhulu karhataka ngoxolo. Okuzingela - yinto intlanzi intlanzi-ukutya, yaye ngamanye amaxesha basebenzisa ukutya ezahlukeneyo. Eziyiyo ingxaki enkulu yeentlanzi-inyama, ingakumbi abo ubukhulu encinane.

Uxolo, zibuye zibe herbivorous, benthophages kunye nezilwanyana. Ngokusisiseko, yeyona ntlanzi awadli lisiza.

Ezitya utyani asele zondla kuphela, ngamanye amazwi - lisiza zokudada. Benthophages - iintlanzi zitya ulwelwe ezikhula kubunzulu (ebizwa ngokuba phytobenthos) kunye amasuntswana organic. Planktophages bakhetha zooplankton kwaye zazidlala eyodwa enye adlale umlambo.

Ukongeza, kukho inyama nezitya euryphages - ntlanzi zitya iintlanzi ulele kunye ezingenamqolo ezincinane. menu lwazo lolona abohlukeneyo.

umfula bahlali

Xa sijonga emlanjeni, asinawo nofifi kangakanani zonke iintlobo zezidalwa eziphilayo bahlala phantsi phezu kwamanzi. indawo nganye amagama "iiseti" zayo iintlanzi amatsha. Umzekelo, kwi imilambo kummandla Russia zifumaneka abameli ezifana Bersh, zeCARP, uDace, nguyá, Intlanzi, trout, whitefish, grayling.

Kwakhona kumanzi Russian inokufumaneka aphele, Pike, zeCARP, bream, neKubhi. Ukongeza, kukho intanda gqitha Abalobi zeCARP, minnows, zeCARP, Roach, rudd, tench, catfish, burbot, zakhele. Kwaye oku uluhlu olupheleleyo lwazo zonke iintlobo.

ezizingelayo ezitya lomfula

Ifidi on iintlanzi ezisemlanjeni? Ngamnye kubo ukudla kwabo. River abahlala menu kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi: uhlobo emazantsi (intlabathi okanye amatye), Ingca yolwandle, kwaye nkqu ixesha lonyaka.

Masiqalise kunye ezizingelayo odidi, ezibandakanya iintlanzi, intlanzi-besitya. It Bersh, Intlanzi, trout, Pike, catfish, sisinkantazi, emlanjeni iphezulu. Makhe sihlolisise kubo:

• Bersh fanele ku Okuneva usapho kwaye oluyeleleneyo kakhulu iphezulu. Oku okuzingela imfundo iintlanzi odla Qhotsa of Roach Rudd. Musa madolw 'anzima minnows amancinci ruffs.
• Sturgeon fanele kusapho igama elifanayo. Le irhamncwa silwe ukuze badle menu engundoqo "niyagrenyana" Isele. Xa inani elikhulu Intlanzi komlambo kwenzeka kuphela xa ujungujungu. La marhamncwa neentlanzi efudukayo badla nje kuphela ngamanzi acocekileyo, kodwa enetyuwa.
• Loach - ungummeli elikhulu kakhulu usapho salmon, nto leyo kuthathwa irhamncwa ngenxa yokuba wayeyoliswa kakhulu caviar intlanzi, cream ezimuncu ngayo kukuninzi, ngokwenjenjalo kuncitshiswe inani lazo bebaninzi enkulu. Kwakhona wengwenya trout kwi Qhotsa salmon.
• Pike - ummeli kuphela kusapho igama elifanayo. It lunamandla kakhulu, adla, umntu yokuphanga. Le ukutya kwayo kuquka ryboshki ezifana zeCARP kunye Roach. Ukongeza, i Pike "ukubandezeleka" mu: ezi zeentlanzi amarhamncwa kudla abameli ezincinane ngohlobo lwazo. Iintlobo kwi menu ungenza Pike kunye nezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezincinane (umzekelo, mouse), kwenzeka ukuba emanzini. Kwakhona ixhoba Pike unokuba ezincinane neentaka zasemanzini kunye namatakane azo.
• Catfish yentsapho soms phezu abadla elifana Pike. Sidla iintlanzi ezincinci, kunye zasemanzini ihlasela amantshontsho. abameli ezinkulu ezidla iintaka ezinkulu, kwakunye akwazi ukwenza le nja amancinane amanzi okanye nethole. Kukho iimeko xa catfish ehlasela amahobe oludale oludlekayo okuziinkozo kwi kumngcipheko kwamanzi. Oku "ukunyoluka" kwi ukutya ngenxa yokuba zayidla kuphela onyaka efudumeleyo, yaye ebusika olambileyo.
• Burbot bobabo umyalelo cod. Ezi zeentlanzi amarhamncwa bazingela ixhoba ebusuku, yaye ungadli intlanzi kuphela, kuquka ezisencinci ngokwabo, kodwa ebolayo izilwanyana kunye namasele.
• River zakhele i zombini umzingeli kunye namaxhoba. Sidla intlanzi encinci, yaye yena ngokwakhe ukutya Pike kunye Zander.

inyama kwamanzi

Empini ezinzulwini lomlambo - intlanzi ingozi ukuba awadli ulwelwe kwaye zondla, detritus. Zondla - a izinto izityalo encinane, nto leyo amanani amakhulu zihlala amachibi kunye behamba emlanjeni.

Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi ziiphytoplankton alibonakali ngeliso lenyama, ngoko abantu uyinike ixabiso. Abaninzi bethu abakho azazi ezi eziphila, ukanti ke - akha abatya ephambili into ondle iintlanzi ezisemlanjeni. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kweentlobo ezifana zeCARP ingca, zeCARP isilivere tench. Siye sifunde ngakumbi ngabo:

• Cupid - "lweenkobe" yentsapho zeCARP. Sidla kuphela ukutya yemifuno: udaka, ulele ezahlukeneyo kunye neengcongolo. Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa kwamanzi ngexesha lezikhukula bephile izityalo lomlambo.
• ZeCARP ikolu hlobo efanayo njengoko zeCARP, kwaye ithanda nezithombo esasinokubonwa detritus. ZeCARP emlonyeni - uhlobo "isixhobo filter", sibonga ngalo le ntlanzi izihluzi zamanzi eluhlaza, njengokuba uhlobo emlanjeni ucoceko.
• Lin - iintlanzi ungenzi kakhulu bakhetha ukuhlala kufuphi emazantsi okanye emahlathini kelp. Ngaphezu kwama-60% yokudla yayo yenziwa lisiza.

euryphages zezitya

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba phantse bonke abanikazi amaphiko, nokuba vegans zoxolo okanye ezitya inyama ezitya inyama kwixesha lokukhula sikhuthele izidla. Ifidi kwi iintlanzi ezisemlanjeni, ezithi ke zithathwe euryphages? Impendulo ilula: phantse yonke into lingena emlonyeni wabo. Le kwizidalwa umlanjana, intlanzi, molluscs, lenyama, kunye nezinambuzane! Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi impahla esencinane. Ukudla - yinto ebalulekileyo, apho intlanzi okhulele iimfuno.

Utya izinambuzane, "ubutsha" akuthethi ukuba ezizingelayo, kwaye abatya lona lisiza le Qhotsa ayisoloko kukhule herbivorous. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iintlanzi ukugcina i "zezitya 'ubomi:

• Elec - "lweenkobe" yentsapho zeCARP. Nditya ezingenamqolo abahlala emazantsi, kwakunye izityalo kunye nezinambuzane.
• Nguyá ikolu hlobo Okuneva. Yena ngeyona ngokunyoluka atye rhoqo. Eyona ekudleni iziphika - ezingenamqolo, izinambuzane kunye kwindawo yazo, izilwanyana ezincinane, amaqanda intlanzi kunye nezinye iintlobo lisiza.
• Grayling - ummeli usapho kwegama elifanayo. Njengoko nguyá, zayidla phezu zooplankton, izinambuzane, amaqanda amaqanda yeentlanzi.
• Lengca - intlanzi zezitya, engaquki singadani, ukutya kuhle kwamaqanda kunye Qhotsa ezinye iintlanzi ulele, eziphilayo benthic.
• ZeCARP - yinto usapho euryphage zeCARP omkhulu. Yena akanayo isisu, ngoko indlala akazange nakucinywa. Le ntlanzi utya izilwanyana, kwindawo zizinambuzane, zooplankton, abahlala eludakeni ezantsi.
• Bream yahlukile ukusuka iintlanzi ezininzi emlonyeni encinane lokuvula. Ngenxa yale iimpawu yokwakheka ngayo akakwazi ukufunxa isidlo esikhulu, umxholo oko detritus, izinambuzane ezincinane ntshulube.
• Wephimpi ikolu hlobo zeCARP. Intombazana le ntlanzi Esukelana izinambuzane, zooplankton, kwezilwanyana. abantu ukuvuthwa ukuba nokusebenzisa yokudla 'karhataka ". Ngelo wephimpi efanayo akukho amazinyo ukufumana iintlanzi zabo ezincinane, eyothusayo siwela ngumsila wena. Yena akayeki, nezinambuzane ezinkulu, ezifana amabhabhathane, ooqongqothwane, oohlabamanzi.
• Karas - ummeli omnye ngaphezulu kwe euryphages yeentlanzi. ukudla kwabo intlanzi, kwindawo zizinambuzane, molluscs, anodaka ulele, kwizidalwa benthic, duckweed.
• Gudgeon - umzekelo ngokuqhelekileyo benthophages. Sidla zooplankton, izinambuzane ezincinane molluscs, kwakunye caviar ezahlukeneyo nentlanzi.
• Rudd - intlanzi lentsapho zeCARP. It is a luhlobo "test litmus" ukujonga umgangatho wamanzi - rudd bahlala kuphela kumanzi acocekileyo. imenyu yayo ibandakanya amahlumelo oselula izityalo ezahlukeneyo emanzini, izinambuzane kunye kwindawo yazo kunye namaqanda ngayo izilwanyana, apho lo intlanzi phezu kwamagqabi lily.
• Roach - oku kuyeyona iintlanzi ukutya yentsapho zeCARP odla kwezilwanyana kunye rhorho, laba kwindawo, bloodworms ulele kunye nembewu.

Ukutya imikhwa Iwabemi chibi

Musa ukulibala ukuba ukongeza imilambo namachibi kukho ngakumbi ukuba nazo ekhaya kuzo zonke iintlobo zezidalwa kwamanzi: iinkumba, amasele, yenamvuna. Xa amadama ezinjalo uhlala Ozyornaya feed intlanzi intlanzi amancinci: Intlanzi, zeCARP, zeCARP ingca, tench, zakhele, umnyama trout, zeCARP, Roach, whitefish kunye IDE.

Intlanzi ezihlala elwandle, kukho ukutya eyahlukileyo kancinci emlanjeni. Oku kungenxa microclimate ekhethekileyo emanzini. River fish yokuphanga ezifana whitefish abadla ziyahluka ukusuka chibi kukuba ezityiwa abaninzi kubo, 60% iqulathe ziiphytoplankton kwakunye nezityalo.

I feed Ozyornaya iintlanzi inkulu ngelo xesha adla phezu kwezilwanyana, izilwanyana kunye zooplankton - a zeCARP. Like umlambo walo "umzalwana", akazange wadla, uselegwetyiwe, kuba intlanzi ngaphandle isisu. Kwakhona, kwezilwanyana kumanani amakhulu ukutya bream.

Abemi olwandle anetyuwa

ulwandle anzongonzongo lubanzi zonke iintlobo abameli izilwanyana, ingakumbi iintlanzi. Kanye emlanjeni, ukuba enoxolo karhataka. Ifidi on iintlanzi elwandle? Ngenxa yokuba kubhaliwe ngakumbi ezinyakazela abantu zizinto ezahlukeneyo, zaselwandle abandayo-imenyu ezahlukahlukeneyo ngaphezu umfula wabo "izalamane."

Eyona ixhaphakileyo ulwandle "abazala" umlambo fin ukhokela ngendlela enoxolo noko yobomi - mullet, herring, mullet, mullet ebomvu kunye Roach. Kutheni 'nge'? Ngenxa yokuba ezi ntlanzi zitya ulwelwe, maxa wambi zidla njengaye.

Menu iintlanzi ndlongondlongo, ngokuchaseneyo kubemi ngoxolo iinzulu zolwandle, ohlukeneyo. I feed intlanzi elwandle-abahlaseli? Kunika umdla ukwazi ukuba utshaba encinane na engenamaphiko inokuba kakuhle enze ukutya intlanzi enkulu inyama. Yeyona ixhaphakileyo asendle - na mackerel, salmon, catfish, flounder, halibut, mackerel, salmon, tuna, cod zahlala.

Otya ngayo iintlanzi zolwandle elinoxolo

1. Mullet fanele ku MULLETS usapho. Kuyinto intlanzi ukutya ezixabisekileyo ubungakanani medium of, leyo uyawondla dentritom, saselwandle esineqokobhe nengca yolwandle, ngoko ingqalelo ulwandle zophuculo lomhlaba.
2. Herring - i 'adle "zonke. iintaka zayo uthando, izilwanyana zaselwandle , yaye thina - bantu. Sidla kwezilwanyana kunye zooplankton. Abameli herring omkhulu basenokubandakanyeka inyama yomntu, esidla namatakane ngohlobo lwazo.
3. Mullet igqalwa nakwiintlanzi kakhulu emnandi. ukutya (zooplankton kunye Dentro), ugrumba ephuma neetyuwa ezantsi.
4. Fish nge funny igama mullet Esukelana eziphilayo ezincinane benthic, esebenzisa zeepali kwabo Ibhola ukutya.
5. Ram - enye Abalobi ixhoba ozithandayo. Oku kukhokelela yokuphila shark kwaye utyela izilwanyana ezincinane kunye zooplankton.

Ukutya ezidla zeentlanzi zaselwandle

1. Mackerel - yenye intlanzi ezininzi ethandwa siyaphela ngumntu. Le kwerhamncwa euryphage, nto leyo uyawondla zombini kwizidalwa ezincinane ezifana-nye.
2. salmon Pink - le yenye ngabameli ibalulekileyo okuloba usapho salmon. Kwamanye amazwe, le ntlanzi ubizwa ngokuba "salmon Russian". ukutya iqulathe izilwanyana, kunye neentlanzi ezincinane, intlanzi kunye Qhotsa.
3. Catfish bakhetha amanzi abandayo, ngoko uhlala kubunzulu ngokwanelisayo olukhulu. Ngenxa aphuhliswe kakuhle imihlathi menu bayo nezimo kakhulu. Catfish badle oononkala, squid, urchins ulwandle, lobster, ezizinkwenkwezi kunye jellyfish ngamanye amaxesha. Musa eya catfish kunye nentlanzi, nto leyo ophezulu kakhulu ngobukhulu.
4. Flounder iyodwa ngenxa yokuvela kwayo ongaqhelekanga. Eli nenekazi caba ikhokelela indlela shark kwaye wengwenya neentlanzi ezincinane intlanzi, balwa kubo indawo yokusabela kwakhe uyisanti.
5. Halibut i intsapho flatfish kwaye ixhaswe phindwe njengoko flounder. Kukhethwa inikwa capelin kunye Pollock.
6. Mackerel - ngumzingeli olukhawulezileyo. Irubrikhi intlanzi lixhoba ezifana anchovy, mullet ebomvu kunye mullet. Akathabatheli up on isencinci yabo. Ngenxa yoko, ihashe mackerel - ukutya okuthandayo dolphins.
7. Iisalmon - abantu intlanzi ozithandayo kakhulu. Lisetyenziswa xa upheka amakhitshi zehlabathi. Xa feed salmon ulwandle herring, sprat, aphele, herring ezineqokobhe.
8. Tuna ikolu hlobo Scombridae kwaye iintlanzi zexabiso zorhwebo. Sidla izilwanyana, kunye neendidi ezithile zentlanzi amancinci kunye squid kunye Shrimp.
9. Cod kunye walleye musa ehlukene abadla phezulu "nabo."

abafakwa Menu-akwariyam

Kulo akwariyam kukho umkhwa fashion ukuhlela i yokulinganisa yolwandle. Ukuze benze oku, i-akwariyam leyo ezihonjiswe nekorale, anemones kwaye uqale neentlanzi exotic ngabeelwandle kunye neelwandle. Fumana ekunene "inkampani" umntu ningazi akunakwenzeka ukuba bakwazi - ngenxa yabemi ezininzi i pseudo-ulwandle ngasemva kwiglasi ukuze atshabalalise omnye ngokungqinelana ne iimpawu ukutya. ezizingelayo intlanzi nodlame kuya kusoloko uzingela izilwanyana ezitya uxolo - kufuneka athathe ingqalelo xa ukhetha i "abahlali" umbala na engenamaphiko. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe oko iintlanzi wondla elwandle. Uninzi ezidla akwariyam 'iindwendwe aphesheya "ethandwayo - a Xoxa, Astronotus, nepiranha, intlanzi, lionfish, Apistogramma, Mthubi.

Yabemi ngoxolo yolwandle kwi akwariyam angaphila upopayi wentlanzi, gourami, nenomlanga, angelfish, neon, abantwana, tetras.

Ukuba ugqiba ukuba amalungiselelo endlwini yakhe ehlabathini kwamanzi, kubalulekile ukufumana oko abahlali akwariyam ukutya ekhaya - elwandle okanye olwandle. Ezidla ezifana iinkumba Yellow Dine kunye kwezilwanyana, kwaye kananjalo zazidlala kuzingela intlanzi encinci. Gcina up nabo kunye nezinye cichlids, kunye Astronotus kunye piranhas.

Ke lona lisiza - ukuba oko ulondla intlanzi-upopayi. Kwakunye uninzi nabanye abemi Aquarium ngoxolo.

abazingeli fish River

iintaka Fish-ukutya, kuyingozi kakhulu kubo, kungakhathaliseki bume babo. iintshaba ezinamaphiko Abameli komlambo - oku ama abamnyama-headed, ookhwalimanzi ezingwevu, milenge, nenkqo nezimhlophe-tailed. Ezi iintaka zidla unako ukutshabalalisa inani enkulu yeentlanzi. Siye sifunde ngakumbi ngabo:

• Black-headed (umlambo / omnyama-headed nesihuluhulu) - into zezitya, ukutya intaka nepereborchivaya ubukhulu encinane. Ngenxa ezihamba ngamathupha azo okwedada ingabangaba ukudada ngokugqibeleleyo kunye zokubambisa iintlanzi ukusuka phezu kwamanzi kuba kuzo akukho nzima.
• ookhwalimanzi Gray kunye milenge - a iintaka enkulu kangangoko, leyo bakhetha ukutya kwezilwanyana kuphela. Fish ukuya kwi-80% yokudla kwawo, i-20% - amasele sayo nezikrekrethi.
• Nenkqo - a amanqe komlambo. zidweliswe njengoko ezisengozini. Nenkqo - a iintaka neentlanzi-esidla kwaye kuphela! Uzingela usebenzisa ngamathupha clawed, bathimba ixhoba ephuma emanzini. Nenkqo - utshaba embi abahlala komlambo kungakhathaliseki eziphilayo.
• White-tailed ukhozi, efana nenkqo, ezidweliswe kwi-Book oluBomvu. It is a intaka enkulu amaxhoba, lusidla iintlanzi neentaka ezincinane. Kwakhona kwi menu ukhozi ezimhlophe-ezinomsila kuquka imivundla, oonomatse emhlabeni, marmots, kunye nezinye nezikrekrethi. Abayi eya nenkqo.

abazingeli marine ezinamaphiko

Iintlanzi eziphila elwandle, anayo ukusuka uya kuba yintoni na ukutya kweentaka. ubomi bawo bethatha zingenelele ezinamaphiko-gourmets abathandi njengoko cormorants, iialbatross, petrels, ama. Kwiilwandle ezisemantla kunye neelwandle yoonombombiya yentlanzi ukuzingela.

1. Nogwidi - nto ilula intaka enkulu ukuba utya capelin kuphela, ne herring, kodwa squid. Amehlo aba abazingeli ezinamaphiko abe inwebu ngaphaya nictitating leyo iGqili ngaphantsi kwamanzi xa kukho uhlobo iindondo kwamanzi. Nale iimpawu yokwakheka of cormorants ukubona kakuhle ixhoba layo phantsi column kwamanzi.
2. Albatross - osinde ulwandle. Ukuphila kwalo nyaka-30 ka omnye umntu odla isixa esikhulu intlanzi kunye saselwandle esineqokobhe, squid kunye squid. Iialbatross nga ukuntywila ukuya kwiimitha ezili-15 ubunzulu, kwaye akwaziqonda ngqo kakhulu seyiphi.
3. Puffin ibukeka efana ihobe, kodwa, ngokungafaniyo yokugqibela, uye iinyawo enkulu kunye okwedada kakhulu. Umjikelo wobomi ezi ntaka yiminyaka 20-26. Power babe iyafana naleyo iialbatross kunye cormorants. Kwakhona petrels asoloko ehamba iinqanawa podedu inkunkuma yokutya.
4. Ama - iintaka kuphela ezingenawo iintshaba zendalo. main ukudla kwabo - lo ngumsebenzi wamaziko intlanzi kunye izilwanyana, izinambuzane, iintaka ezincinane kunye amaqanda, intlanzi, nenkqo kunye nenkunkuma. Ezi prilovchilis wengcibi ukufumana squid ukusuka nkqu kweqokobhe kunazo zonke, ohlisa kubo indawo ephakamileyo.
5. Yoonombombiya - intaka-iingcali. Akayi kuze intlanzi intlonti okanye esidala, njengoko enze ingabangaba okanye petrels. ukudla kwabo kufuneka ibe esandula kakhulu, nto ibandakanya kwizidalwa, intlanzi, krill, squid kunye izilwanyana. oonombombiya luthathe Ukutya, yokuntywila ukuya kubunzulu kweemitha 20-70.

Eyingxaki elunxwemeni

Ukongeza iintaka kunye Abalobi iintlanzi iintshaba zizilwanyana. iintlanzi Kutya ezine izilwanyana ebhonte soze siphuthelwe ithuba lokonwabela isidlo oyithandayo. Ingakumbi kakhulu ubomi "gourmet abathandi 'phezu komlambo. Zeziphi izilwanyana ukutya intlanzi? Le muskrat, otter, shrew, muskrat. Kwakhona, wayeyoliswa kakhulu ngoboya udle kukuninzi.