Untermensch - yintoni na le nto? Untermensch kanye ubermensh

elithi "Untermensch" ngokuqinileyo ngexesha Wesithathu, phantsi kolawulo ubuSoshiyali eJamani, kubomi bemihla ngemihla abemi. Eli gama lisetyenziswa ukuchaza ukuba ibe liliso elibhukali nelibanzi ngeendidi zabantu Ngokukhanya kusondliwa ideologues yabuya kuqhelekileyo ebantwini "obuphantsi humanoids" kuzo zonke phawu obuphantsi kude kwizilwanyana. Ungubani Untermensch? Yaba njani na? Kutheni oku yaziswa?

Njani ingqiqo ka "Untermensch"?

Untermensch gama liguqulelwe Isijamani "subhuman." Kwathi emva 20 Bulelani esilwela American Lothrop Stoddard.

Xa umsebenzi wakhe "Le imvukelo nxamnye impucuko: i podcheloveka usongo" wabhala yeqonga nokudelelwa abantu Russian on ukuthotywa lwakhe lokugqibela. Ukususela ngokombono umbhali, ebesoloko uhlanga oluphantsi. Kwaye emva kokuba Oktobha Revolution of 1917 kunye beza amandla kwiBolsheviks Russian nokuxubana ubuyeleyo "quba East", ngalo iintlanga oluphucukileyo ukuba alwe.

Kwincwadi Stoddard amaKomanisi zibonakala umfundi-mthetho yokwenene, athile iqaba yingozi. Zabo umbhali licacise ilizwi underman, nezwi azinakuguqulelwa IsiNgesi lithetha "podchelovek".

Le ncwadi epapashwe racists American eJamani. A kota ku ngobuwena German underman similise untermensch ( "Untermensch"). Le mbono ideologist ebolekiweyo Alfred Rosenberg, i Party ngamaNazi, yaye yaqalisa ngayo umsebenzi wakhe "Inkolelo yenkulungwane XX", nto leyo umthengisi yesibini kakuhle emva kokuba umsebenzi kwezopolitiko Adolf Hitler kaThixo Mein Kampf.

Abaneminyaka ababedla ubhedu njengoko Untermensch?

Xa ngcinga iSocialism yeSizwe, igama elithi "Untermensch" unenzondelelo kwezinye iinguqulelo. By sub-abantu ekubhekiswa kungekuphela iiBolsheviks, kodwa zonke nokuxubana ngokubanzi, kwakunye amaYuda, Gypsies, Mongols, nangezinto nabanye abantu ababa kungekho buhlobo nobuhlanga Aryan. Kwaye Hitler wakhe ezakhiwe kwirenki ephezulu. Aryans, kuthiwa wadala zonke ilifa lenkcubeko ehlabathini, ukuze bazijonge kakhulu baseJamani.

Kwaye abo abemi waseJamani owafumana iziphene, nabo kubizwa ngokuba Untermensch baza batshutshiswa. Le mbono ukuba ugula ngengqondo, amakhoboka eziyobisi, abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye mishlinge nako Awonakalise ukusulungeka igazi Aryan aze akhokele uhlanga "abalawuli" kusengelo kunye ukonakala. Kodwa ubuSoshiyali, uHitler wathi - i "ukuthanda ukwenza superman."

Untermensch kunye ubermensh

Waba kuhle ukuba apho afuna ukuya Aryans. Igama elithi "superman" ( "ubermensh") Hitler abolekwe Fridriha Nitsshe. Intellectual kunye yokuziphatha efanelekileyo, eyenzelwe ukubuyisela ingqiqo abantu lokudalwa yi-sobulumko enkulu waseJamani, i uMlawuli wanika iimpawu zesizwe-zobuhlanga prepodnos abahlali zaseJamani.

wayemela lo kwabazinwele superman-zinegazi elibandayo Aryan amehlo aluhlaza ukuba impilo obungenakutshatyalaliswa, ikwimo entle emzimbeni, ngensimbi uya, enamandla ukuzeyisa kunye ayenengqiqo obalaseleyo.

Umfanekiso owadalwa uHitler, ngenkuthalo olinywayo, kunye ochasene wakhe Untermensch. Le isidalwa, apho, ngokutsho epapashwe ideologists ye phecana uyayenza uloyiko nanto yiJamani. Ababenaye ukulwa. Untermensch kwakufuneka ukuze aphumelele.

Kutheni Untermensch nokuxubana zentsimbi kunye amaYuda?

intiyo Eyona komsindo amaYuda uyazukiswa. Hitler wamcekisa yaye kubekwe ityala zonke izigulo abantu German. AmaYuda, wayefuna ukutshayela. abantu zobuqili quirky ezifana amaJamani waphefumlela Fuehrer wathabatha nengeniso yabantu Russian, ebhekisela kwakhona ukuba podmiru subhumans.

Nokuza ku namandla iiBolsheviks, yena, ndayihluthwa nezazi, abagcina karhulumente. Xa era czarist, ngokwezicwangciso benkokeli zwilakhe, kuba wayekho kubulelwe German iklasi eliphezulu uluntu ezingundoqo eRashiya. Ngapha koko, uCatherine II, noPetros III imvelaphi baba baseJamani. BaseJamani ngempumelelo leliya lizwe, uHitler wathi, kodwa ngoku ke indawo ngamaYuda. Baya ke isiphithiphithi kuphela disorganization. Kulawulo lwabo amaJamani babeza lokuphelisa abantu Soviet. Sami Russian Untermensch thaca kubahlali eJamani uhlobo izizwe iqaba, esinenjongo ngqo - ukukhonza amanene kwaye kakhulu eziveziweyo zazo kugqatso Aryan.

Njengokuba kuchazwe ngexesha Genrih Gimmler, amaJamani babefuna amakhoboka ukugcina inkcubeko. Nokuxubana kwakhona yaba njengeyeenkomo, babe, kunye Aryans, ke, kwakuza le "isilwanyana" ubukho enesidima.

Incwadana Der Untermensch

Ukuba bohlwaye kubo, ideologues ye NSDAP wada wakhululwa ngowe-1942, iphamflethi notorious "subhuman." A pamphlet iphepha-52, bachaza ukuba abemi eJamani, elithetha Untermensch.

Ubuchule ezisisiseko eziphembelela umfundi liye laba inkcaso. Photoillustrations abazizityebi Aryan-baseYurophu ezazibhalwe ecaleni nemifanekiso abadala, umntwana olihlwempu engatyhilekanga, abafazi ndidiniwe, nabantwana babo abalambileyo amaYuda ezinqinileyo ukusuka xian.

Ingcamango iikhonsepthi ncwadana ukuqinisekisa ukuba Untermensch sanikwa kuphela imiqondiso yangaphandle yomntu: intloko, imilenze, iingalo. Kwaye okunene - ukuba umva, neobremenonnoe bengqondo, ngokomoya nasengqondweni ngaphantsi izilwanyana abahlala amaphenyane yaye elima, ifana nethole kumnini yamaYuda.

Ideologists ababesithi ilizwe, nto leyo ezandleni Aryan kuphuhliswa wayeza kuba "yaseYurophu California", wajika waba yinkangala ngenxa Untermensch. Isiphithiphithi, inkanuko ongalawulekiyo banxanelwe intshabalalo lilawulwa ngayo. Ke amaYuda banolwazi le minqweno kunye sizisebenzise ngobuciko. Phantsi kobunkokheli zabo, subhuman owalukileyo nongalukanga uza kubatshabalalisa ugqatso Aryan. Nantso into Untermensch. Ngoko ke ideologues zakhe bamazwe German.

nxi Untermensch

Subhuman kwi ixesha Wesithathu waye Kukuze batshabalale. izizwe "Lower" batshutshiswa nazo zonke iintlobo impindezelo. AmaYuda gqolo ngaphandle kubomi bezopolitiko kunye noqoqosho lweli lizwe kunye kubandezelwa ilungelo lakhe lobumi. Ukuze abantu beli ghettos yobuhlanga, eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ndisifa yindlala nezifo, kwakunye kwinkampu yoxinaniso, apho aqotywa: idubule gassed.

Roma, kwakunye ugula ngengqondo, kwakunye nezinye "Aryans ezineziphene" ziye phantsi kokuvala ngenkani, ukuba zonakalise. Isigwebo sentambo inikezelwe nokuxubana, ukuba neentlobano zesini kunye nabameli German yabemi eJamani. amabanjwa Soviet emfazwe, ingakumbi Asia, baye bahlukunyezwa kwaye gadalala.

Idea Global omqala yaso

Njengoko sibonile, uhlanga waseJamani, bathotywe yi iziphumo leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi kunye kwintlekele yoqoqosho yinxalenye idlwengulweyo, yongezwe ngolangazelelo nengcamango bobukhulu bakhe, batsiba ukuba atshabalalise "ububi jikelele", omashini abenziwe uHitler, alwe nxamnye "uchuku" kunye uMlawuli abeza egameni jikelele lakhe izimvo. Kodwa enyanisweni, lo mgomo ezahlukeneyo: eloyisile imimandla zeMpuma Yurophu kwanokupheliswa yeentlanga ngokungenalusini karhulumente wothiyiweyo lowo elithi "Untermensch" zadalwa. Kuyinto ingqiqo elinobuhlanga, kwaye eugenics njengoko ubermensh, wakhonza ulawulo lwemigaqo-nkqubo sengqondo abantu baseRoma. Baya kuba nje isixhobo eyilelwe ukuphumeza injongo ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe.