Inqanaba yophuhliso yoluntu, ngokutsho Marx kunye Toffler

Ihlabathi yanamhlanje njengoko sisazi namhlanje, wadalwa phezu kwamawaka eminyaka yaye kwakungekho kuphela, hayi kangako ngenxa ezintsha zobugcisa. Kwaye ngokulinganayo kwi nokubunjwa yayo abachaphazelekayo kuphuhliso lwentlalo. ixesha ngalinye kwimbali lasisiseko senkcubeko yoluntu ngokwayo inemisebenzi isici. Xa ingcamango kwezentlalo nezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho kwiinkulungwane yokugqibela, kwakukho iimbono ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kakhulu iindlela ukuya kwicandelo le nkqubo yezembali kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ekhula ngayo abantu. Namhlanje, ukuhlelwa ithandwayo futurologist American Alvin Toffler. Last owabelwe iqonga ilandelayo yophuhliso loluntu kwimbali:

• uluntu kwezolimo. Limele abantu phantse Sasungulwa ngokupheleleyo. Kuyinto ukulimela kunye nohlobo bestovarny kwemveliso luphawu eli xesha lophuhliso.
• uluntu Industrial. Yavele ngenxa ezintsha omkhulu nethekhinoloji mihla: ukutshintshwa kwabasebenzi manual kumatshini kunye nokuqaliswa kwenkqubo yezoshishino. Ezi nkqubo ziye waba negalelo kuphuhliso loluntu, kwaqala kukuqinisa ubudlelwane nkulu ezithile ngokwezinga.
• uluntu Post-mveliso. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ibakala lophuhliso loluntu na kubenge- zela kuzo zonke iimbombo kulo mhlaba. Iqela amazwe "ihlabathi wesithathu" namhlanje ngenkankulu bajamelene mveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, ithi ezininzi Western sele kudlule eli nqanaba, bangene ulwazi okwangoku. uluntu Post-mveliso luphawulwa kukuba uninzi lwabantu kulo engasekho benza ekuveliseni izinto eziphathekayo. Ezi iinkqubo ezenzekelayo. Ngoku, inani elikhulu labantu abathatha inxaxheba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo umsebenzi ophezulu wokuqonda.

umbono ngokweMarxist inqanaba lophuhliso lwentlalo

Iintlobo iinkampani kwimbono zembali, mhlawumbi kude kakhulu ngakumbi ngokupheleleyo yaphandwa sisazinzulu waseJamani Karlom Marksom. Kamva eninzi abalandeli bakhe. Eneneni, kungenxa kule nkqubo okokuqala kwaye ucelwe ukuba ukujonga kuluntu ngenxa ubudlelwane kwimveliso. Kwaye le ndlela ngoku eziphambili kakhulu ethandwa (hayi kuphela yobukomanisi okanye imiba yenkqubo yobusoshiyali). Inqanaba yophuhliso loluntu Marx kaThixo yahlulwe kwiziseko ezintlanu eziphambili.

• uluntu kwakudala. Kweli nqanaba inkampani ayenzi imveliso kwemfuneko. Zonke kukutshisa nangoko ngaphandle abaseleyo. Ngoko ke, oko akuyi kuba ezithile ngokwezinga propati.
• Slaveholding. Kwiqula-ntle yoluntu Ikakhulu waphumla ngomhla labour khoboka ngebhaxa.
• Wobukhosi, apho kwakukho khona iqela elithile kakhulu akhonze kunye overlords. Bayaphola isakhiwo zoluntu ezifana sisiseko yobomi yayo. An ukubunjwa ebalulekileyo feudal iimpawu na ukwanda zendalo, bestovarnogo ulawulo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, isigaba lophuhliso lwentlalo zaye echazwe umsebenzi Marx kaThixo ngenxa yamava yaseYurophu. Mbono bakholelwa ukuba uphuhliso yembali hlobo jikelele. Noko ke, njengoko kanti, akunjalo. Kwi-East, kwabakho, eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo politarny indlela kwimveliso. Kwakungekho sebenzisa phi ulwalamano ingumbuso-suzerain okanye kwipropati yabucala (kubaluleke ngakumbi). Ngenxa yoko, feudalism yaba isenzeko yaseYurophu ngokungqongqo.
• Capitalism. Ngokutsho Marx, ubungxowankulu yaye sithatha feudalism, xa kufakwe iindlela ubundlobongela yesinyanzelo ngendlela kwezoqoqosho, kukho ingqiqo yeshishini, iiklasi ezintsha, njl
• Ukwakheka komsebenzi. Noko ke, capitalism idla ekunyukeni ekuxhatshazweni kwabasebenzi kunye ukugxagxiseka rhoqo imeko yabo. Ngokutsho Marxists, le meko yaba oyichitha okanye kamva yi revolution kunye nokusekwa uluntu ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu. Ezi iingcamango baye baba negalelo elikhulu kwimbali umhlaba XX yethu. Noko ke, amava, njengesiqhelo, wenza uhlengahlengiso olubalulekileyo uvavanyo ukusebenza ubukomanisi uphuhliso ithi nkulu.