Inkqubo isobaric

inkqubo Isobaric i izoprotsessa ongenabuyambo yona thermodynamic. Xa ubunzima kuyo eziphathekayo, yaye enye parameters zayo (koxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye umthamo) kuhlala ingatshintshanga. Ukuze inkqubo isobaric xi rhoqo.

inkqubo Isobaric kunye nomthetho Gay-Lussac

Ngowe-1802, ngenxa ukuba aqhube uthotho amalinge,-nzulu French uYosefu Louis Gay-Lussac wazisa njalo ukuba njalo umthamo umlinganiselo irhasi lobushushu kwangaphambili, ubunzima ubungakanani into eza kuba njalo. Ngamanye amazwi, umthamo berhasi kisekiyo ngqo kwithempritsha yayo noxinzelelo rhoqo. Xa iincwadi Russian, umthetho umthetho Gay-Lussac kaThixo, ezikwabizwa ngokuba imiqulu, yaye IsiNgesi - umthetho Charles.

Ifomula ezakhokelela yamachiza French phantsi koqhubekeko isobaric ilungele ukuba ngokupheleleyo nayiphi na igesi kunye engamanzi engumphunga, xa wadlula abilayo.

isobar

Kuba umfanekiso iinkqubo ezinjalo ezisetyenziswa lwalo lomzobo isobar leyo umgca othe ngqo kwi nokulungelelanisa inkqubo okuntlandlo-mbini. Kukho-asi ezimbini, enye yazo - umthamo igesi, ngoxa yesibini imele uxinzelelo. Ngenxa yokwanda ngenye (ubushushu okanye umqulu) ngokomlinganiselo nokwanda kunye nesalathisi yesibini enika umgca ngqo njengoko kwishedyuli.

Imizekelo inkqubo isobaric kubomi bemihla ngemihla ke zokufudumeza amanzi kule iketile kwi nembasa, xa womoya njalo.

Isobar ukuze uphume ekupheleni nokulawula nezamazembe.

gas Inkqubo yomsebenzi phantsi isobaric

Ngenxa yokuba amasuntswana gesi kwisenzeko rhoqo, igesi ngokulandelelana usoloko usebenzisa uxinzelelo phezu kodonga njengesitya kuyo lufakwe apha. Njengoko ubushushu kwandisa isindululo zerhasi amasuntswana iba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngoko ngokuqina amandla ngayo amasuntswana aqale ngemibuzo iindonga isitya. Ukuba lobushushu iqalisa ukunciphisa, ngoko ke inkqubo reverse lwenzeka. Ukuba omnye iindonga inqanawa ezinokususwa, ngoko ehambelana ukunyuka lobushushu elifanelekileyo, - xa amandla uxinzelelo igesi ngaphakathi eludongeni inqanawa lube ngaphezu amandla ukumelana, - udonga uqalisa ukuhamba.

Xa abantwana besikolo ukubaqononondisa lo mkhuba ngumzekelo ndiwafudumeze iglasi ubushushu bulb ezaliswe ngamanzi kwaye ivalwe ngesiciko, xa yokugqibela xa ukunyuka lobushushu iyabhabha ngaphandle. Kulo mzekelo, utitshala usoloko uthi yengcinezelo imozulu rhoqo.

Ubucukubhede intshukumo yomzimba ingqalelo ngokunxulumene isithuba kwaye isiphakamiso izifundo obizwa amalungu omzimba xa kuthelekiswa omnye komnye, apho isantya umzimba kuhlala ilingana zero. Xa sithetha ngayo umsebenzi nokushisa, ngoko kuqala kwiinto zonke, sithetha i utshintsho amandla lwangaphakathi, lo gama i mechanical, sisebenzisana utshintsho kumandla entshukumo. igesi Ukusebenza phantsi koqhubekeko isobaric nga imiselwe ifomula, apho uxinzelelo liphindaphindwe umahluko phakathi imiqulu: lokuqala nelokugqibela. Ephepheni, ifomula wayeza kuvela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: A = px (O1-O2), apho A - ukwenza umsebenzi, p - Ingcinezelo - ixabiso rhoqo xa malunga inkqubo isobaric, O1 - yokugqibela umthamo O2 - umthamo sokuqala. Ngoko ke, xa kukho ucinezelo ze gesi, umsebenzi siya kuba nexabiso elibi.

Ngenxa evulekileyo-Gay-Lussac izinto zobumnini ekuqaleni igesi kwenkulungwane ye-19, singakwazi ukuhamba phezu iimoto, apho imigaqo yokusebenza injini wabeka isobaric, bonwabele Unjengokuphola ukuba ngemini eshushu ke zinikwa umoya mihla. Ukongeza, uphononongo lweenkqubo isobaric kwenzekani namhlanje, ukuba wenze umsebenzi kuphuculo izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwicandelo eneji.