Indlela ukumelana methanol ityhefu? Iimpawu kunye neempawu zonyango

Namhlanje, imarike zinokufunyanwa eninzi imvelaphi kuyathandabuzeka. Ezinye zazo zintle ngenkangeleko ukuze abantu ukuwathenga. Ngenxa yoko, badla khona ityhefu. Ke ukuba ityhefu ukutya iyanyangeka kwisiqingatha ngosuku, ngoko methanol ityhefu kuyingozi kakhulu ngakumbi.

Utshaba kufuneka wazi umntu

Methyl utywala ulwelo enemibala emihle, kunye ivumba eqhelekileyo ezinxilisayo. Oku kusetyenziswa kushishino ekuveliseni iikhemikhali nendlu: izinyibilikisi, ipeyinti, kunye nezinye izinto. Maxa wambi methanol compound ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa amayeza. Methanol yityhefu kwaye ityhefu, ngoko ukuwenza kunye neendleko ngenkathalo enkulu.

Common Igama methanol - iinkuni utywala. Kwafunyaniswa kuqala Bowl 1661, ngexesha neyanamhlanje etshabalalisayo kweenkuni. Ngendlela ecocekileyo, imethyl utywala waqala ukuveza kwiminyaka 200. A nqubo yafunyanwa ngo-1932, nto leyo yavelisa methanol unanamhla.

methanol ityhefu

Ityhefu methanol kunokwenzeka xa tapeworm. Oku kwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini. Lokuqala - ukusetyenziswa iimveliso eziqulathe methyl utywala. Owesibini - inhalation of methanol umphunga. Amaninzi, yityhefu kukuba ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala esikumgangatho osezantsi. Asingabo bonke abenzi landela iiresiphi ucinge impilo abathengi, ngoko endaweni ethanol iziselo ezinxilisayo kudla a utywala methyl.

Ngamanye amaxesha Ityhefu utywala ngenxa ukufika enkulu phezu lentengiso yintlama enkulu iziselo onganeno ezinxilisayo. Ngo-2011, i ityhefu mass kwenzeka eTurkey, yaye kamva kunyaka - kwi-Czech Republic.

Kanye womuntu, methanol abole ukuya formic acid kunye farmaldegid. neziyilimazayo isibindi, intliziyo kunye nezinye izigqeba ezininzi Zombini izinto.

Indlela uzikhusele methanol ityhefu

Ukukhetha utywala, kufuneka ukukhangela mvume kunye neziqinisekiso. Uyacetyiswa ukuba ukuthenga iziselo ezinxilisayo ezivenkileni ezithile kunye nabathengisi ethembekileyo.

Abaqhubi senze rhoqo ulwelo ezahlukeneyo ukwakheka singabanga ziquka methanol. Ukuba ityhefu, enzulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba basezela iperi iqhoshana busika iiglasi ukusuka ngumlimi asithembekanga. Yaye Ityhefu kwenzeke ngenxa yokufakwa kule iqhoshana apha esikhumbeni. Ngoko ke, zonke iinkqubo 'antizamerzaykoy "kuyanqweneleka ukunxiba iiglavu kunye kwindawo engena umoya.

Abo basebenza kumashishini imichiza, Kakade ke, nayo baboniswa esichengeni yityhefu kunye methyl utywala. Kodwa abantu abaqhelekileyo elinde methanol kwiivanishi, iipeyinti, izinyibilikisi, iisepha ezithile, njalo-njalo. amanyathelo okhuseleko exhaphake kuya kukunceda ukuba uphephe imiphumo ebuhlungu.

Methanol ityhefu: Iimpawu

Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba amandla ka isiphumo methanol kwi umzimba ezinxulumene ngqo idosi. Ngoko ke musa ukuba yinto yokunqakulisa zonke ezi mpawu zilandelayo ukonakalisa wobulali.

Iimpawu methanol ityhefu ezinkulu kakhulu, kuba kuchaphazela onke amalungu zangaphakathi. Xa tapeworm utywala imethyl imizuzu eliqela okongezeleke esibindini. Nakuba kunjalo, iimpawu yokuqala ukuvela emva ezisibhozo kweeyure. Phakathi iingxaki kunye iphecana zesisu ziyakwazi ukuchongeka iimpawu ezinjalo yityhefu iquka isicaphucaphu, amahlaba, ukuqumba, ukusika iintlungu esiswini.

Methyl utywala ukuchaphazela amalungu emehlweni nokuva. Isikakhulu ukuhlupheka kwamehlo. Nge ubuthi strong kube nzima ukuba zibuye. ngcembe Umbono luqala ukubandezeleka emva kokuba methanol ityhefu. Iimpawu ezinjalo waphawula: yimfama, phamb 'kunye neentlungu buso okanye zizonke emehlweni fu.

Ifuthe methanol loo miqondiso uqinisekiswa luvo: unditsho, lafa kweqondo, intloko ebuhlungu, syncope, ukuba nochuku.

Inkqubo yegazi kwakhona iphendula bangene umzimba methanol. wegazi utshintsho (ukunyuka okanye kuyancipha), oko ophilisayo ubume, kusenokubakho iintlungu kwindawo entliziyweni. Xa uxinzelelo luyanda ikhala ukuya igazi.

Ukuba methanol ukhwela eluswini, mhlawumbi, oko kuya kubangela zokutsha. Nge ubuthi Bazomelezela umntu unokuphulukana sezingqondweni okanye owa isiqaqa. Oku kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe, ngoko xa iimpawu incinane kunxilwe kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza.

lokuqala zoncedo

Lifikile ixesha lokuba bathi, ukuba benze ntoni xa ityhefu kunye methanol. Ngoko ke, okokuqala sonke sifanele sifumane indlela ityhefu kuchaphazela umzimba: ikwimo yolwelo weza kungena esiswini, ngokohlobo umphunga kungena imiphunga, okanye ufumana kwisikhumba sakho.

Ukumelana Ityhefu methanol, leyo yeyela emzimbeni ukutya okanye amanzi, uqala nge lavage esiswini. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amanzi acocekileyo okanye lamanani aphantsi sisombululo soda. Emva ukusela selitha ulwelo, kuyimfuneko ukuba uphi- egabha. Ngoko ke kufuneka wenze izihlandlo eziliqela ngamakhefu yeyure. Koko isisu, izixa ezikhulu methanol bangaqokelela ethunjini. Ngoko ke, ngaxeshanye kunye lavage esiswini kufuneka enze enema okanye isiselo isisu.

Ukumelana Ityhefu methanol, leyo yeyela umzimba ngohlobo enkungwini, kulula kakhulu. Nje anike yabachaphazela ekungeneni umoya. Eyona nto ilungileyo ukuba aphume, kodwa unako ukuvula nje iifestile. Akuyomfuneko ukuba wenze nayiphi na intshukumo ngequbuliso. Phefumlela umoya limi Ukuphefumla nzulu kunye nzulu. Ukuze sibe ekhuselekileyo, kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuphumeza lavage esiswini. Kuphela kukwiimeko kakhulu, xa ithamo methanol kubalulekile, kuyimfuneko ukwenza nokuphefumla ngumntu.

Ukuba methanol kwabunjwa kwi eluswini nokutsha, kufuneka lisuswe baligalele. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba umoya kakuhle ulusu.

Ukuba ixhoba waya unditsho, ugabhe okanye ukulahleka lokuqonda, kufuneka ayinike ngokuxwesileyo. Tuck kunye wayiphakamisa intloko kunye umqamelo. Best zonke, ukuba umntu ulele ngecala.

Njengoko alikaziwa ukumelana methanol ityhefu adla ngokusetyenziswa utywala. It methanol lusicande kwaye ibalekisa zokurhoxa wayo emzimbeni. iingedosi ezincinane ka-40% solution ethanol (ivodka) athathiweyo qho kwiiyure ezintathu.

Xa iimpawu zokuqala yityhefu ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ucele ugqirha!

uzenze

Ngoko ke, ukuze uqonde ukuba benze ntoni xa ityhefu kunye methanol, kubalulekile ukufumana ukuba yintoni na endiya kuyenza, ukuze kakubi impilo nexhoba. akuyomfuneko ukuba wenze unyango self: zonke ezi ndlela ingentla zifuneka kuphela ukwenzela ukulungisa imeko umntu akakafiki "uncedo lokuqala". Ukuba athathe zonke iintlobo amayeza ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, sizani intloko ebuhlungu kwaye nzima ngasese kunye nezinye iimpawu, akukho mfuneko.

Ukuba yityhefu kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokuphefumla, akukho mfuneko ukwenza i enema. Ukuba methanol ukhwela esikhumbeni sakho, musa ukuzama ukususa intlungu ngoncedo Amafutha nezithambiso for nokutsha. Ukunika ixhoba alikaziwa (ethanol) kufuneka iyeza, kwaye kuphela xa loo mntu lisezingqondweni na. Ithamo kufuneka ingqalelo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 1 gram-ethanol ecocekileyo (2.5 g regia) ngamnye 1 kg ubunzima bomzimba. Yenza naziphi IVs ekhaya ayikho enqwenelekayo.

Ukuba akukho kakuhle ukuba unobangela yityhefu yile methanol, kubhetele ukuba ukusela utywala njengoko kungaba buhlungu. Ukuba ixhoba akakho zingqondweni, mayingabi sakhululwa ashiywe yedwa. Akamele kulala isisu sakho okanye umva. Kwimeko yokuqala iya kuba komoya ukuphazamiseka elinesibini - uyakwazi anokuliminxa ukuba vomits.

Xa etheni ne methanol kuyimfuneko ukuba silumke kakhulu ukuba kakubi ixhoba. Kuba ubuthi yayinzima kakhulu kunokuba nokuba yingozi, ngoko isenzo kufuneka sikhawuleze nangokugqibeleleyo. Ukumelana methanol Ityhefu kunokwenzeka, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukuba bagcine zonke iincam ngasentla.

Lokubuyisa emva yingozi

Emva zoncedo lokuqala, ixhoba kufuneka asiwe esibhedlele ukuya kwiingcali unyango waqhubeka walungiselelwa. Unyango luya kuba nezigaba ezibini: ekugcinweni umzimba kwimilo kunye nokufunyanwa imisebenzi emihle aye anyhashwa. Kuba Ityhefu esimbaxa, xa umzimba uye wafumana isixa ebalulekileyo methanol, ikhutshwa phandle ukusulungekiswa igazi.

Inkqubo kwimo ixhomekeke apho amalungu achaphazelekayo ngaphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iwela ezibi imizimba. Ikhosi Unyango kuquka neevithamini, imisebenzi ezizodwa, kwaye maxa wambi uqhaqho.

Ukuba methanol wangena emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokuphefumla kunye yangaphakathi ndayibetha, inhalations khosi. Ukusetyenziswa amalungiselelo eengcambu wafumana okuphilisa iintsholongwane izibilini.

Enoba Ityhefu, emva kokuba efunekayo ukubuyiselwa iyonke. Oku kuquka ukuphumla, iivithamini, ukutya njalo njalo.

isiphelo

Ukusuka methanol Ityhefu abalunganga, kunye ingcaphephe nga ngempazamo ukufumana umthamo we methanol ekutyeni esezantsi-esemgangathweni. Wonke umntu wenza iimpazamo, ukuba ukukhumbula ifilimu "Imposiso injineli Cochin" (1939). Kodwa lowo uyayazi kulo mba, kuya kuba nako ukusindisa ubomi bakhe ubomi babanye.