Ipoliyo - yintoni na kwesi sifo ndinaso? Oonobangela, Iimpawu kunye noNyango we nepoliyo. Ugonyo ipoliyo

Namhlanje kukho izifo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ukuba umntu ajongene kunqabile kakhulu. Noko ke, abantwana bagonywe kusekho urhulumente usaqhubeka. Ngoko ke, ipoliyo, Yintoni na le sifo, yintoni iimpawu zayo kwaye ukuba agonye abantwana ngosuku segodnshny kwesi sifo? Siza kuthetha ngale nto kamva.

ulwazi olusisiseko malunga nesifo

Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde ukuba yintoni eza kuxutyushwa. Ipoliyo - onjani sifo kukuba? Ekuqaleni, kufuneka kuqatshelwe kanjalo ukuba esi sisifo esosulelayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane isisu, ephila emzimbeni womntu ethunjini okanye pharynx. Kodwa ke ingozi kukuba uyakwazi ukubetha ingqondo kunye umnqonqo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ipoliyo ebantwini elinye igama - zizihlunu nomqolo abantwana. Baphathwa ikakhulu abantwana abaminyaka ukusuka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka emi-6. Oku amaninzi abachaphazelekayo izihlunu zomntwana.

Modes okudluliselwa

Ipoliyo - yintoni na le sifo, nokuba isasazeka njani?

Esi sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu. indlela yokudlulisa :

• ngenxa emoyeni;
• ngezandla ezimdaka;
• ngamanzi okanye ukutya;
• kunye ituwa (umz, xa utshintsha umntwana ilweyile).

Le ntsholongwane engena umzimba lwabasebenzi iphecana sokuphefumla - impumlo okanye umlomo, apho ihamba ngqo ukuya emathunjini amancinci. Apho luhlala phezu okuthatha. Le ntsholongwane engena egazini, apho kufuneka ukuphuhlisa izilwa nayo. kwaye kwenzeka isambuku zamatyala. Lo mntwana ohluphekayo ukugula, emva koko luvelise omzimba ubomi elide kule ngxaki.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le ntsholongwane ngokwayo olukhuni kakhulu. Kwimeko-bume zangaphandle, ezinokugcinwa kangangeenyanga ezintandathu, oko kuzisa enkulu omiswe kunye lomkhenkce.

A incinane

Esi sifo lwabantwana (yipoliyo) uthathwa isibetho yoluntu de phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Amaxesha amaninzi siwela abantu eYurophu, ebangela inani elikhulu labantu abasweleke komntwana. Noko ke, kule 50, oosonzululwazi baye bakwazi ukuba athelekelele laso elisebenzayo kunye nepoliyo akusekho a isifo esibulalayo. Ngomhla kummandla elalisakuba yiSoviet Union nale ngxaki, oogqirha baye kakuhle ngokupheleleyo de 1961. Noko ke, ngenye imini, ngo-2010, kukho ugqabuko olutsha sepoliyo sabhalwa e Tajikistan, apho iwile wagula kanye abantu abamalunga nama-700. Kulo mzekelo, amatyala 26 ziye obulalayo. Kwangaxeshanye, intsholongwane iye eyangena kummandla eRashiya, apho ngoku lixesha lokuba ixesha kuchaphazela abantwana eziinzi.

Ngentsholongwane eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo

Uluhlu ezinye izifo ugqibezela ipoliyo? Izifo ezosulelayo obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi evuliweyo iingxaki kakhulu kwaye lunokubulala. Yiyo loo nto kwiminyaka yakutshanje oogqirha ngamandla abazali ukuba agonye abantwana. Kodwa ke kukho enye caveat. Ipoliyo virus, leyo wangena ummandla kurhulumente, njenge "zasendle." Zombini amachiza aye ebesisetyenziswa ngaphambili, kunye intsholongwane angasebenzi.

Kutsho ku-2014, eli yeza yasetyenziswa ne non-eziphilayo izakhiwo cellular. Kuye kwathiwa inactivated. Ngoku izazinzulu bavumelana ukuba loo ukuvimbela nokungaphumeleli kwawo. Yiloo nto ke kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa i isitofu sokugonya "live". Kulo mzekelo, oogqirha babantwana bathi zokugonya ezimbini zenziwe ubudala kunyaka wabo wokuqala bezelwe, kuya kwenziwa amalungiselelo okwangoku inactivated, njengoko ebenzile ngaphambili.

Ngeengozi "ugonyo oluyi-live"

Igama "ugonyo oluyi-live" ngokufuthi uyothuka abazali abaninzi. Emva bathelela ngabom umntwana wabo akafuni mnye. Ngoko ke, enoba kuyingozi okunene, njengoko kubonakala emehlweni kuqala? Oogqirha bathi umngcipheko sifo emva sogonyo esikolweni ngokupheleleyo. Ngaphezu koko, oko ukwakhusela kuzo zonke iingxaki, ngenxa yokuba umzimba uba ukumelana kuzo zonke iintlobo zentsholongwane. Sekunjalo, ugonyo akwenziwanga abantwana abane-HIV kunye nabo amajoni omzimba buthathaka kwasekuzalweni zitofwe.

Ngomhla curability lesi sifo

Yintoni enye omawuyazi izifo ezifana ipoliyo? Imbali sifo ngawakho isigulane ngamnye. Ngapha koko, yonke loo nto ixhomekeke kuyo Wenza kanye ngayo.

1. Kwiimeko ezininzi, nto leyo ngaphezu kwama-90%, oko ipoliyo nazimpawu. Le umntwana angacingi nto, umsebenzi kwayo kwinqanaba ngokwesiqhelo. Ukongeza, aba bantwana abathwali sifo.
2. Malunga nama-5% wosana nga va ukungaphatheki okungephi. Oku kunokuba ubuthathaka kwezihlunu, nokuba nditsala nzima.
3. Bamalunga 1-2% amatyala ebantwaneni kwisiqalo kwepoliyo liphuhlise meningitis, leyo, ngokuzenzekelayo, akuyi kunenza ekukhubazekeni.
4. Kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-1% of amatyala ebantwaneni kwiimeko ukukhubazeka.

Kwakhona, oogqirha bathi emva kokuba ukushwabana umntwana unako kwakhona noba ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuza kwenzeka iminyaka emva achache. Umntwana kuyenzeka sime ngeenyawo ngeli xesha.

Kwiifom ze sifo

Ukuba iyitshinizele nesibakala sokuba le ipoliyo, olunjani izifo, kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele kunye iintlobo eziphambili sifo. Kukho bobathathu, ukuba imifanekiso eyahlukileyo clinical.

1. ifomu isisu. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu rhoqo. Le symptomatology kuyafana nezinye izifo. Iimpawu etsolo wabonakaliswa nyamalala kwiintsuku 3-5. Unesifo sepoliyo kulo mzekelo, hayi kwaoko, ngenxa yokuba lo mfanekiso yinto efana kakhulu nomkhuhlane, izigulo umkhuhlane, ukuphazamiseka emathunjini.
2. ifomu Meningeal. Ngeli hlobo sifo kakhulu ngakumbi, kuba iqokobhe ebuchotsheni abachaphazelekayo, leyo ingena intsholongwane.
3. Ofe. Kule meko kukho ilahleko zemithambo-luvo imoto kwi kule spinal, yaye kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ingqondo.

Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo sifo kunye iimpawu ziyahluka.

zesifo ipoliyo

wenza njani isifo ipoliyo? Iimpawu - eziya kukunceda ukuyibona unesifo esiyingozi. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla, amaxesha amaninzi yinto uhlobo isisu esi sifo. Kulo mzekelo, zonke iqala kakhulu kabukhali: ubushushu, mhlawumbi khohlo wobulali, yaye samarhanana ingxinano. Kwakhona, kukho lwakukhula ukubila, isicaphucaphu, isisu esihambisayo kunye neentlungu esiswini. Kodwa ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba nokuba inani elikhulu amatyala, umntwana angacingi phantse nto ukulungiselela usana kunye sifo azithathelwa ngqalelo ngaphandle neziphumo.

Xa ifomu meningeal inzima kakhulu kwaye iyingozi. Xa ukudumba lubandakanya ingqondo esingxotyeni yesigulane kunokwenzeka yintloko kakhulu ukuba singesuki ngokusebenzisa iziyobisi. Kudla kwizigulane kunye ukugabha, nto leyo ezinganxulumananga ngokupheleleyo ekudleni kwaye ngenxa yoko a engazisi yona le isiqabu oyifunayo. Kwakhona, maxa wambi oogqirha ukuxilonga ezinye iimpawu meningeal.

Kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba ipoliyo unedumbe. Noko ke, akufane kwenzeke. Symptomatology kuxhomekeke zabo sifo:

• Xa lobeko spinal xa isigulane zezi peripheral ukukhubazeka flow ngababuthuntu, nto kulo mzekelo lisibekele nemilenze asymmetrically. Kukho kwakhona nobuhlungu bomzimba, iingcangcazela imisipha, ngumchamo okanye ukuqhina.
• Gravis eyingozi kakhulu. Kule fomu ye intambo ochaphazelekayo emqolo, nenoxanduva zeenkqubo bokuphefumla sentliziyo. Iimpawu ingaba oku kulandelayo: ingxinano ngeempumlo, dyspnea, iingxaki zokuthetha, lengqondo ukuphazamiseka, ukunyuka okanye ukuhla uxinzelelo lwegazi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuba uhlobo enjalo kwesi sifo isigulane ayinayo ukhathalelo lwempilo olwaneleyo, inokubulala ngeentsuku 2-3.
• Pontina ngobuwena ungachazwa ukuba oku ebusweni mzekelo ochaphazelekayo nemithambo ngumongo. Sezulu sisihle.

Nokubonakaliswa lwangaphandle sifo

Yintoni isifo ipoliyo? izigulane Photo zahlukile kakhulu. Yonke into ixhomekeke kuhlobo kwesi sifo. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla, uninzi ingxaki ngokupheleleyo aziyi kuchaphazela uhlobo lwangaphandle yesigulana. Noko ke, maxa, kusenokuba yoma izihlunu emhlane okanye umntu eza kuhlala yobomi. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, abantwana abakhubazekileyo. Ngoko ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kunokuba isifo sepoliyo, izigulane kunye nale photo esinye isiqinisekiso. Akwenzeki ukuba ukunyanga ingxaki elula ukholosile, nokuba ipesenti kwiimeko kakhulu liphantsi kakhulu.

malunga nokugonywa

Yintoni ekufuneka uyenze ukuze agule sepoliyo? Oogqirha lazise onke Kiddies ixesha agonywe. Kukho iindlela ezimbini:

• Ngoncedo kwisitofu sogonyo inactivated. Kulo mzekelo umntwana ngenaliti.
• Ngoncedo lwe isitofu live okuncitshiswe, lulungiselelwayo ngomlomo ngohlobo kuncipha. Zinelungelo incasa ukukhanya enetyuwa.

Emva kokuba inkqubo, umzimba uba okukwazi ngamandla ipoliyo. Lo mntwana akasoze ukubamba.

abazali amaninzi buza oogqirha babantwana: "Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukwenza emva ugonyo yipoliyo sifo okanye akunjalo?" Impendulo ilula: akukho. Kutheni kunjalo? Yinto elula. Umntu unako ukufumana omzimba ukuba ipoliyo kwiimeko ezimbini:

• emva kogonyo;
• alulame yokugula.

Ngoko ugonyo ipoliyo emva kokuba sifo ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza ngamampunge. Ewe, kwaye nawuphi na ugqirha ayigonyisi izigulane abagulayo kakade.

isifo izifo

Kwenzeka njani ukuba ukuqonda esi sifo? Kwiimeko ezininzi, yenze ngamandla ukuhlolwa obulula, sithembele kuphela iimpawu kuphela na. Uxilongo lokugqibela ugqirha babeka kuphela emva iimvavanyo elebhu. Xa isibini sokuqala iiveki, abanentsholongwane 'ukubona' yincindi evela nasopharynx, emva koko kwexesha intsholongwane ezichongiweyo kwi esitulweni. Ezinye izixhobo ze uphando - igazi, ulwelo fluid.

unyango lwezifo

Sibonile ukuba mangaphi ungenza ugonyo yipoliyo emva sifo (kwaye nokuba), ziziphi iimpawu zesi sifo. Okulandelayo Ndifuna ukuthetha ngendlela ukujongana nale ngxaki. Ekuqaleni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba unyango ekhaya, akumele nepoliyo, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo sifo. Akuyi kunceda kulo mzekelo, kunye neendlela abantu. ichiza uncedo kuphela ukunika neziphumo ebezifuneka.

Ipoliyo akukho amayeza olunye, ugqirha kunceda isigulane kwi zakhiwo, esebenzisa iziyobisi ezahlukeneyo kunye ukuyifundisa. Oku ikhawulezisa kakhulu inkqubo impiliso kwizigulane. Yintoni amayeza afanelekileyo kulo mzekelo zezi:

• Drug "paracetamol". It has zombili antipyretic kunye nefuthe analgetic.
• Antiinflammatories ezifana "ibuprofen" okanye "aspirin".
• Ukuba kukho iingxaki kunye esitulweni, unako ufakwe laxatives, kunye emzimbeni. Ezi amayeza njengoko "Regidron" okanye "Smecta".

Kunye nale ziya kuba luncedo kakhulu kwi iindidi unyango ngokwasemzimbeni, injongo - ukubuyisela usebenzo kwamalungu. Ngethuba lesigaba etsolo kwizigulane amalungu Somrhaqa izibophelelo ezizodwa ukugcina amalungu omzimba ukuba ukugqabhuza. Amavili kungenziwa ezibekwe ukunciphisa intlungu. Ngelo kwisigaba esithile kwakhona izigulana emibonweni Ungalungisa lomzimba ukuze uzinzise ukusebenza kunye nemilo nokufunyanwa, hayi ngokuba nje ekunciphiseni iintlungu, njengoko kwenziwa inyathelo ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo oyingozi.

Xa sincokola ngayo impilo yomzimba, kule meko, kunokuba luncedo le nkqubo ilandelayo:

• yonyango ngamanzi, okanye unyango ngamanzi;
• magnetic xa baboniswa umzimba ngokusebenzisa zemagneti;
• electrostimulation - ubumnandi izihlunu usebenzisa esezantsi-rhoqo ngoku;
• umthambo ezahlukeneyo ngobunzima.

Yintoni enye into ofuna ukuyazi malunga ngxaki efana ipoliyo? Imbali Nomonde yahlukile, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo ingenzeka sifo, iimpawu ngamnye umzimba, amajoni omzimba kunye nempatho echanekileyo.

la kujonge izinto ezibalulekileyo sepoliyo

Figure ngaphandle nokuba uyakwazi ukuba ukugonyelwa ipoliyo emva sifo, kwaye ngokubanzi kwenzeka isifo kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba xa lo mba ubaluleke kakhulu ebhedini. Okokuqala kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ingozi unedumbe. Okwesibini, ubonelela iimeko kangangoko ukuba omzimba elibuthathaka. Ke ukuba ukudla, ngoko akukho zithintelo engqongqo. Ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka emathunjini, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukunyenyisa amandla, odlayo izitya kuphela ebilisiweyo okanye iyabiliswa.

Imiphumo kunye iingxaki sifo

Indlela eyingozi ipoliyo? Iziphumo sifo inokuba nomahluko kakhulu xa le ngxaki wentsholongwane egazini. Ngoko ke, amaxesha amaninzi phakathi iingxaki:

• ukusilela sokuphefumla. Senzeka izitshanguba kwemisipha zifo.
• Myocarditis (ukukrala na imisipha ngentliziyo), nto leyo inkqonkqoza umsebenzi kwentliziyo.
• amanxeba ezahlukahlukeneyo emathunjini. Inokuphuhlisa emathunjini, ukopha, ukungacoleki kokutya.

Zonke ezi iingxaki zinobungozi kakhulu kwaye kungadala ukufa.

Ezinokuthi zenzeke emva kokuba sifo yepoliyo? Kakhulu ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka izifo ezosulelayo yokuphefumla etsolo nomqala obuhlungu ukuya kwizigulo emathunjini. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngqo linembali sifo akukho nalunye, kunokuba isizathu buthathaka nezifo. Kodwa kukho kwakhona ikho into postpoliomielitichesky syndrome. Lubonakala ngu:

• buthathaka kwezihlunu nobuhlungu;
• nokudinwa;
• ukuphazamiseka iqinelwa;
• ukuginya ubunzima;
• uphelelwa umoya.

Sisifo luvo, nto leyo kuvela kwiminyaka nasemva 10 nezifo ebantwaneni. Oyena nobangela ngqo amagqirha alam zisekhona ayaziwa.