Imbali Emfutshane Karate ehlabathini neRashiya

Ikarati - akukho nje ubuchule zokulwa, kuba ubomi, u ta va u bulumko yonke into enceda umntu ukubona interconnectedness konke okusehlabathini, inceda ukufikelela nemvelo, wowufumana phakathi kwabo kunye nobudlelwane bawo kunye nabanye abantu.

EJapan, bathi ukuba ikarati - na indlela yokhetho yabantu enamandla uhambe ngalo wambi ubomi bakhe bonke. yonke imihla Ezi imiphefumlo nesibindi ukutyhala imida, silandela kwa indlela ekhethiweyo, ukomeleza tempering esikuko, umoya nomzimba, ngonaphakade Usihlube ikhono entsha.

Imbali ukuvela ikarati

Ulwazi yokuqala malunga ngembali komhla kwikarati emva kunyaka 1761. Lo mhla ibhekisa Cecina Nagamine kwincwadi yakhe, othi "Iziseko i Okinawa Karate-do." Emva koko ke karate eyaziwa bonke ngokuba "Tode", nto leyo liguqulelwe ngeendlela Japanese 'ibhokisi Chinese ".

Ngasezantsi uya kufumana Imbali emfutshane of karate - ezifana namasiko alo igcinwe.

Kumaxesha amandulo waphila ukulwa Chinese ogama Kusanku ababekhe wabonisa ikhono lakhe elikhulu kunye nokukwazi kwi yamanqindi Chinese, ababukeli uya kukuvuyela ezintsha yayo kunye ubuchule okhethekileyo lungabanjwa. Oku yimbalasane yembali ikarati xa isiganeko Okinawa yenzekile - siqithi sikhulu, nto leyo ibekwe Nqabakazi of Ryukyu e-Japan. Indawo siqithi waba nje ekudibaneni kweendlela zorhwebo, yaye kwaba malunga kumgama elifanayo ukusuka Korea, eJapan, Taiwan kunye neTshayina. Zonke ezi States kaloku kwakusoloko kuyimfazwe phakathi kwezinye ukuba ilifa Ryukyu Archipelago, ngoko wonke umntu siqithi wayeyindoda, kaninzi kwizizukulwana ezininzi. Ngenkulungwane XV kule ndawo kwabakho umlomo ukuphatha izixhobo, ngoko amajoni e Okinawa ukusuka kwisizukulwana ukuya ukuphucula izakhono zabo yokulwa ngaphandle kwakhe.

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII, njengoko imbali of karate, Sokugavoy inkosi kwidolophu Shuri Te yokuqala yesikolo yavulwa kwiiklasi leyo wazifihla. Matsamura Shokun e Okinawa Supreme mentor ikarati, kwakhona waququzelela isikolo enegama "Shorin-Ryu Karate" (Shorin - ehlathini entsha), nto leyo yayisonganyelwa ingqeqesho engqongqo kunye shugyo imfundo yokuziphatha. A isici esasenza isikolo baba isindululo ezikhohlisayo kushenxa noxhamla ubuncwane. Matsamury mfundi ke wayesazeka sonke eso siqithi nangaphandle Asato Anko, nto leyo, waba ngumcebisi Funakoshi Gichin.

Kwaye ngoku Funakoshi Gichin kwaye igqalwa nguyise kwikarati. Yena, ke, hayi ngokwakhe wasungula lo hlobo ikarati, kodwa lo mntu sele idibene, yahluzwa yaye adweliswe iindlela ezahlukeneyo esandleni Chinese ukuba isandla lupwa wadala uhlobo olutsha lwe Karate-Jujutsu idabi, nto leyo liguqulelwe ngeendlela Japanese "ubugcisa wesandla Chinese".

Funakoshi okwesihlandlo sokuqala yabonisa Ikarati jujitsu ihlabathi ngelo xesha, xa eyayibanjelwe e Tokyo Martial Arts Festival ngo-1921. iminyaka akuyona kweshumi njengendlela ngokutsha yomzabalazo iye yaphinda yathandwa omkhulu eJapan, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukufunyanwa izikolo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

Ikarati: imbali igama

Ngowe-1931, i nkongolo le "intsapho enkulu ka Okinawa Karate", apho kwagqitywa ukuba isimbo nganye, owayebonakele ngelo xesha, unelungelo lokuba. Kwakhona kuloo nkongolo sagqiba ukunika elinye igama ngenxa yale hlobo ikarati, ngenxa yokuba kwakukho enye imfazwe China ngelo xesha. Hieroglyph "Kara", obizwa ngokuba "China", indawo hieroglyph, leyo ukufunda ngokunjalo, kodwa ulibhangise ukuthini. Kwakhona indawo "jutsu" - "vutshila" kwi "phambi" - ". Indlela" Kwathi kanti igama esetyenziselwa unanamhla. Oku kuvakala ngathi "ikarati" liguqulelwe ngokuthi "indlela esandleni engenanto".

Imbali ukosuleleka kunye nophuhliso ikarati ehlabathini

Ngowe-1945, xa Japan waphulukana imfazwe, abasemagunyeni US umsebenzi wavalwa kwisiqithi zonke iintlobo Japanese ubuciko bokulwa. Kodwa umqeqeshi njengento imithambo yaseTshayina siphephe ukuvalwa. Oku kuye kwabangela ukuba ingasetyenziswa kwithuba elilkunyeelayo lokuba uphuhliso ukulwa, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ekudalweni ngowe-1948 ye-Japanese Karate Association, ephethwe Funakoshi. Ngowe-1953, ukuze kuqeqeshwe kwiiyunithi elite US Army eUnited States bayamenywa ukuba iinkosi edumileyo.

Emva kokuba Olympic Games eTokyo ngo-1964 ikarati umzuzile ithandwa kakhulu ehlabathini lonke. Oku, kukhokelele ekuyilweni of the World Union of Karate-do Imibutho.

karate Injongo

Ekuqaleni, ngokutsho imbali of karate, olu hlobo ikarati wadalwa karate, ekufuneka bezisebenzisile kuphela self-yokuzikhusela ngaphandle izixhobo. Karate Injongo - ukunceda nokukhusela, kodwa ukuba zenzakalise kwaye ayinakulimaza.

iimpawu ezikhethekileyo karate

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye karate, kukho unxibelelwano kuncitshiswa phakathi mlilo. Kwaye ukuze oyise utshaba, esebenzisa izithonga enamandla nezichanekileyo njengoko izandla neenyawo kwi iingongoma ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni womntu. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezikhethekileyo olu hlobo ikarati ukuba amanqwanqwa ifana eliphantsi kunye neebhloko nzima, ngokunjalo kwi inguqu olumiyo kuzo ekhawuntarini ngexesha elifanayo ugwayimbo echanekileyo kunye namandla. Ngoko ke umbane kwenzeka kwi indlela mfutshane nge xi enkulu yamandla kwindawo yempembelelo, ebizwa kime.

Ekubeni ikarati - ikakhulu ukuziphendulela, yonke intshukumo apha iqala ngo ukuzithethelela. Kodwa emva kokuba, yaye le nto karate kufuneka ibe umbane impendulo nkqi uhlaselo.

Iinqobo ukusetyenziswa kolwimi

Kuba echanekileyo yokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ikarati inika eziliqela imigaqo. Phakathi kwabo: kime, ekubhekiselwe kulo ngasentla; zokuhlala zasehlotyeni - ukhetho ngokupheleleyo indawo; Hara - ukudityaniswa amandla kwezihlunu kunye namandla zangaphakathi; dzesin - moya ayinakutshintshwa. Konke oku ziqondeka "olunzulu" umthambo ixesha elide umthambo esesikweni kwimidlalo "Kumite". Phakathi olunzulu kunye kumite in izimbo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezikolo inokuba ukulingana, yaye kukhetha ukuba mhlawumbi umthambo okanye imilo.

Izimbo of karate

Kule mihla, izimbo amakhulu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezaziwayo ehlabathini. Karate basis zahlulwe yaqala ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo. Abantu abaninzi ezahlukeneyo ababandakanyekayo kulo karate, yaye wonk 'ubani sifike kumanqanaba aphezulu, kwenza into olulolwabo. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba nayiphi na indlela, waphila ukuya langoku, ngendlela enye okanye ngenye wadibana kwenye yeendawo ezilandelayo:

1. Kempo - ubugcisa Chinese-Okinawa bokulwa.

2. Karate dzyuttsu - uguqulelo Japanese alwayo kwi umoya Motobu.

3. Karate-do - Japanese zefilosofi zokufundisa nenguqulo ngomoya Funakoshi.

4. Imidlalo Karate - nokuba zoqhagamshelwano okanye eziphantse-contact.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi kufuneka iqatshelwe.

1. Omnye wabo - eShotokan (eShotokan). Umsunguli wayo - Gichin Funakoshi, kodwa igalelo enkulu kuphuhliso isimbo ezize unyana wakhe Giko. iintshukumo ezahlukeneyo tshintshayo amandla akhe, kwakunye ema izinzile.
2. History of Kyokushin Karate iqala ngo-1956. Umsunguli yi Masutatsu Oyama Korean-wazalelwa (wafundiswa phantsi Gichin Funakoshi). Igama bubonakala "isimbo lokwenyaniso gqitha." History of Karate Kyokushin ubonisa ukuba into ephambili apha - impumelelo yokulwa, kodwa hayi ukuchacha kunye nophuhliso umlinganiswa yokuziphatha.
3. Wado-ryu, okanye "ukuvisisana endleleni." Ngokusekelwe Hironori Otsuki, omnye kubafundi abaphezulu Funakoshi. Le style usebenzisa ukuxhuzula buhlungu isandla, ubuchule ayekelele ekuphepheni, uwisa. Ugxininiso apha imizabalazo ukuhamba. Ezijoliswe Ukubanga.
4. Shito-ryu. Owaseka isimbo - Kenwa Mabuni. izimbo zokufunda ezahlukeneyo phakathi ezininzi olunzulu (malunga namashumi amahlanu).
5. Goju-ryu (translation - "nzima-ethambileyo"). Umqambi Gichin style Miyagi. Movement Attack eqinileyo, eyayiqhutyelwa umgca othe ngqo, kunye nokukhuselwa intshukumo ethambileyo, wenziwe kwisangqa. Eyona zonke iintlobo kude ukusuka ukhuphiswano kwezemidlalo-abemi uhlobo ecocekileyo.

Karate e Russia

Imbali kophuhliso ikarati eRashiya luqala inkangeleko iiklabhu engahlawulwayo kunye namacandelo. Abaseki zabo abantu nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuya kwamanye amazwe, uhambe apho ukufunda eli karate. Ngamandla practice ethandwayo olu hlobo ikarati kunye spontaneity lonikezelo zabo ziye zakhokelela ekubeni ngoNovemba 1978 kwi-USSR, ikhomishini esikhethekileyo uphuhliso Karate yadalwa. Ngokutsho iziphumo yomsebenzi wayo ngoDisemba 1978 Soviet Karate Federation kwasekwa. Ekubeni imithetho zoqeqesho olu hlobo ikarati rhoqo kwaye abaphula umthetho, Ngaphezu kwenziwa kwi-Code yoLwaphulo kwi "uxanduva ukuba ikarati uqeqesho mthethweni." Ukususela 1984 ukuya 1989, i karate eSoviet Union phantsi kokuvalwa, eyasekwa yi inombolo odolo 404, ekhutshwe yi yiKomiti Sports. Kodwa icandelo, olu hlobo loqeqesho ikarati, waqhubeka zikhona phantsi komhlaba. Ngowe-1989, December 18, iKomiti State of the USSR wadlula inani isisombululo 9/3, apho inani umyalelo 404 yathatyathwa mthethweni. Okwangoku eRashiya kukho inani elikhulu labantu neemanyano kunye nezimbo, ezo ngenkuthalo sokubambisana kunye nemibutho karate ngamazwe.

Ifilosofi karate

Xa sincokola ngefilosofi ikarati, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba kusekelwe kumgaqo wokungabheneli. Lesifungo iiklabhu ikarati ukunika abafundi phambi kokuba uqeqesho, kunyanzelekile ukuba ukusebenzisa izakhono nolwazi enganobungozi yabantu ungayisebenzisi kuba inzuzo.