Ikhowudi esemthethweni Justinian - ikhowudi amalungelo aseRoma yoluntu kunye nemithetho

Justinian Code yaba iseti ebalulekileyo amaRoma yamalungelo oluntu kunye nemithetho. Le iye yaqulunqwa kule minyaka 529-534 BC. e., ebudeni bolawulo yaseByzantium loMlawuli Yustiniana Velikogo.

kwintlanganiso yophuhliso

NgoFebruwari 528, ummiselo Basileus Justinian ikhomishini I karhulumente, olu sapho lwaluquka abantu abalishumi zadalwa. Kwaye ngoAprili 7529, eshicilelwe ikhowudi ngokusemthethweni Justinian. Okubhaliweyo kule ngqokelela aqulathe Imperial yonke imithetho nemimiselo VI kunye AD I ngekhulu. e. Inyathelo esilandelayo umlawuli yaba systematization ka ekuthiwa-ekunene yamandulo (jus tus), nto leyo emele ezahlukeneyo imisebenzi bewenza baseRoma, kwakunye nezimvo zabo pretorskogo kunye nomthetho yoluntu.

NgoDisemba 15, umthetho wakhutshwa iminyaka 530 Basileus iseke ikomiti abantu ezilishumi elinesihlanu igqwetha odumileyo yesiGrike ixesha Triborianom waya. Ukongeza, i-nzulu, le komiti yayiquka oonjingalwazi ezimbini Academy of eConstantinople, oonjingalwazi ezimbini ukusuka Beritskoy Academy, kwakunye nabameli elinanye. Le komiti iye yanikwa uxanduva ukubhala digests - oko kuyimfuneko ukuze ikheswa iziqwenga misebenzi amagqwetha endala yamandulo. Oku kwenziwa phakathi kuDisemba, iminyaka 533.

Ngaxeshanye kunye nalo msebenzi Tribonianom, Tiyofilo kunye namaziko Dorotheus podgotovalivalis ezifakwe kamva kwi-Code Justinian. Kumaziko unencwadi kubafundi mthetho (ekugqibeleni waba imiqulu ezine). Inxalenye yokugqibela yale ntlanganiso elihle ikhowudi ehleliweyo lwemithetho, nolwathi esiyikhuphe ngoNovemba, kwiminyaka 534.

Ngenxa yoko, i-uMlawuli Justinian Code ekuqaleni yayibandakanya inamacandelo amathathu umthamo: amaziko (imiqulu ezine), ukugaya (eziquka neencwadi amahlanu ukuba lubandakanye zicatshulwa ukusuka phantse iminyaka engamawaka amabini imisebenzi bewenza baseRoma), Code Property (iincwadi ezilishumi elinambini). Kamva, emva kokufa Basileus, kwizahluko ezithathu eziphambili ziye longeziwe kwenye ebizwa ngokuba yi-novel. Bona zabhalwa uNjingalwazi Julian eConstantinople kunyaka 556 kwaye yingqokelela nemimiselo kunye nezigqibo * uKhesare elafikayo 535 556 iminyaka. Le isahlulo sesine ikhowudi.

Ukubaluleka kakuhle lo yowiso-mthetho

Justinian Code phakathi kwinkulungwane VI kwaye kulo lonke ngamaXesha Aphakathi waye mthombo uphambili umthetho yamazwe aseYurophu. Inxalenye, oku kuyinyaniso iRashiya, njengoko waba negalelo kwi Vol .. Kormchaia - ingqokelela yasekhaya imithetho yehlabathi kunye obudala.

Ephakathi eYurophu imvuselelo iqala ngononophelo kunye nokwenziwa komthetho wamaRoma. Xa ukumkani, feudal xesha, eziye kwasekwa i-Western uBukhosi baseRoma, alondolozwe ngokwaneleyo umthetho waseRoma yamandulo inkcubeko kunye nomthetho. Code of Justinian de kube sekupheleni kumaXesha Aphakathi zibe nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso ubudlelwane feudal eNtshona Yurophu. Ngaphezu koko, ngoku isiseko de facto kuba umthetho Romano-zesiJamani.