Lady Court. Sweet uKumkanikazi. Ntombi ngodumo of uCatherine I

Ekupheleni kuka January 1722 uPetros I yamkela uxwebhu eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Itheyibhile sezikhundla." Yaba uluhlu amagosa enkundla amabhinqa, enziwe kwi imodeli yeenkundla komlawuli isiFrentshi kwakunye nesiJamani.

Sweet uKumkanikazi uCatherine I

Xa inkonzo ukumkanikazi kuquka elisele ezine lokulala kunye manenekazi efanayo. Umsebenzi yokuqala esweni imeko nemizana, ezo anikwe uKumkanikazi ngumyeni wakhe uPeter I. Ukongeza, i-nene igumbi lokulala bamlandela yoonongendi kunye karhulumente, ephantsi ukusekelwa le ukumkanikazi. Eneneni, aba abalawuli umntu ukholose kunye nelungelo ukuthenga nokuthengisa umhlaba. Kwakhona baqashwa abantu inkonzo waza wayalela ukuba umvuzo, isigqibo iimbambano phakathi baphantsi kwabo, babele umvuzo okanye usizo zemali njalo. D.

Uxanduva ladies uCatherine I andizange ababhaliselwe, kodwa bonke mthwalo yobomi bemihla ngemihla ngayo emagxeni abo. bazixhalabise ngayo ukuba ulandele jikela emva kwinkosikazi yayo kwaye azalisekise yonke imiyalelo yayo. Ntombi of imbeko uKumkanikazi kunye naye ngexesha ukuhamba, ukonwabisa iindwendwe ababesiza kuye, ukubukela ngubo yakhe yaye nezinye iimbopheleleko.

edala umona

Kwiimeko ezininzi i-lady lentendelezo emele ubukhosi elite yeengcungcu. Ulwazi yokuziphatha okungenakubekwa, kwakunye ukukwazi ukuzoba, oyimfakamfele nokucula - zezona mfuno ziphambili ukuba isicelo abaviwa isithuba uzuko. Shiya le ndawo ukuba ungathanda ngokwabo, kwaye utshatile. Noko ke, kwakukho Niyazi ukuba umthetho. Ezimbini behlonipha uCatherine I unenzondelelo isohlwayo, omnye wagxothelwa eSiberia, kunye nezinye - wabulawa.

Ekuqaleni, amanenekazi inkundla sabaphathi yayiquka izihloko ezine ezinkulu, kuquka intombi uzuko, ndiyiNkosikazi, inkundla-intombazana, gofmeystriny oyintloko. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uluhlu lezithuba ukwandisa de wafumana ifomu yalo yokugqibela ebudeni bolawulo uPawulos I. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukhuphiswano abavala isithuba ongahlawuli elungileyo yayinzima ngokwaneleyo. Ngoko ke, kwakukho uhlobo turn kwezethu.

Ekhaya Cracker sibini asebukhosini

Princess Nastasya Petrovna Prozorovskaya ebuntwaneni iye yilo enkundleni. Ngowe-1684 watshata Ivan, umzalwana omncinane Borisa Golitsyna, lowo inxaxheba bekhulisa a Peter Minor. umhlobo Best, uKumkanikazi elizayo Nguyena ezifana Nastasia Golitsyn. Catherine ngexesha lomtshato bayo wamvumela ukuba ahlale etafileni efanayo umtshakazi. Ukususela ngowe-1714 Nastasya inxaxheba zonke iintsizi kunye uPetros wayelilungu ekuthiwa-Vsepyanyaschego Cathedral, apho wayenxiba isihloko inkulu-abbess. Yena basela kakhulu kwaye uyadlala rhoqo, njengoko kufuneka ngengqiqo elungileyo uburharha yaye ulwimi intemperate kakhulu.

Ngowe-1718, ngesiquphe wawela ehlazweni Ndithunyiwe ungxamile, ukuya ekubambaneni eMoscow ngemibuzo le kwimeko Tsarevich Alexei. Wafunyanwa enetyala misprision amagama umbuso athethwa osikiweyo Demidov. Ngexesha lo Golitsyn Nastasia kwafuneka ukuba elubhacweni kweyadi nto zisontiweyo; kodwa isigwebo latshintshwa ku bekatswa. Waye wabethwa Batog esidlangalaleni, yaye emva koko wathumela ekhaya umyeni wakhe. Noko ke, kwiminyaka emine kamva, ityala lakhe ulibele, kwaye inkundla kubuyela emva Golitsyn ulwimi elibukhali. Catherine phantse nangoko wayenza kwindawo entsha, ukwenza uRhulumente yokuqala lady Russian. Ke njengophawu isikhundla sakhe esiphakamileyo Golitsyn egxalabeni lakhe lasekhohlo wazala umzobo uPetros oneribhoni ebhlowu, ezihonjiswe ngedayimani. Ngowe-1725, watshata yena unyana wakhe omkhulu, umzala soMhlekazi, ngaloo ndlela babe enxulumene ngookumkani. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokufa Catherine, yena kokuchithakala kuphumla.

Isiphelo Anna Golovkina (Bestuzheva-Ryumina)

Ngokuzalwa, eli nenekazi ukulinda ngathi kufutshane layo kakumkani, njengoko uyise usesikhundleni Chancellor State. Ngo-Oktobha 1723, kunye inxaxheba uKumkanikazi uCatherine I noPetros mna, Anna Gavrilovna Golovkin wayetshatile ukuba Count Pavla Yaguzhinskogo, lokusayina-jikelele yeeNgwevu. Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko waqeshwa State inenekazi. Lonke eli xesha yena umfazi othembekileyo ngumncedi kwindoda yakhe, kodwa iminyaka eli-11 kamva waba yena engumhlolokazi.

Ngowe-1742 Michael Gavrilovic, umzalwana uAnny Gavrilovny, ityala lokungcatsha, wazama waza wagwetyelwa ukufa. Kungekudala, uKumkanikazi Elizaveta Petrovna isalelo ukutshintsha umlinganiselo wokuvelelwa kwakhe wagxothelwa eSiberia ekuthinjweni ngokusisigxina. NgoMeyi kunyaka ozayo kumtshato Anna Gavrilovna uMikhail Bestuzhev-Rumin, esikhulu ophum umzalwana ke ngoko Vice-Chancellor Alexey Bestuzhev. Kuphela nje kweenyanga ezimbalwa, wayesele inxaxheba kwi "Salon iyelenqe" nxamnye ukumkanikazi sigqibo.

Ukufa egcwele inkundla umkhonzazana

Yonke le nto yaqala incoko Colonel uLieutenant Berger Ivanom Lopuhinym. Kwakumalunga ukunganeliseki kunye nendlela yolawulo, oluqhutywa Elizaveta Petrovna. Ezi ntetho bavukela, yaye waba namkhusane ukubhala ukusola unikeze kwi-Ofisi Secret. Lopuchin wabanjwa kwaye ngexesha ancinwe ke incriminated inani naziphi abantu abamsulwa; kubo apho unina kunye Anna Bestuzhev. Le yokugqibela akazange avume ityala lakhe, ngokunjalo phakathi ku-Agasti, inkosazana iye phantsi isohlwayo loluntu ngokuphakamisa nedawo, kodwa ubungqina entsha lona.

Lopukhins no Anna Bestuzhev sagwetywa ivili kunye nangokukrola ulwimi. Noko ke, uKumkanikazi isigwebo kunye nesohlwayo sokufa endaweni kuthunyelwa ekuthinjweni in Yakutsk. Anna Bestuzheva wafa eneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, waza wangcwatyelwa umngcwabo wendawo nguMama kaThixo Church.

Intlekele kaMariya Hamilton

Mhlawumbi eziphawuleka kakhulu Catherine isicakakazi ngodumo mna Frau-amagumbi, nto leyo ophetheyo wegumbi uKumkanikazi kunye lokunxibela xa walinda. Kule posi, uPetros wayalela ukufumana intombazana igazi eJamani, kuba wayefuna ukwenza kakuhle kakuhle iilokhwe amabhinqa aseYurophu ngayo. Noko ke, ukuba UMaria Danilovna Hamilton - inkundla lady ngeengcambu Scottish. Ngunozala olu hlobo uThomas Hamilton, azinza eRashiya nokuba ebudeni bolawulo Ivan labangcangcazelisi.

Uya enkundleni 1713, uMary, ngenxa yobuhle bayo, ngoko nangoko kwatsala ingqalelo uPetros I. Noko ke, ulwalamano yabo siphila ixesha elifutshane, yaye mlawuli ngokukhawuleza ezilahlekileyo umdla kuye. Emva koko wawalukuhla Ivan Orlov, ababekhonza kwinkundla ngocwangco, lowo kungekudala ukutyumza. Wamnika ke ngezipho zexabiso, kuquka ezo zinto ukuba akwazi sebe uKumkanikazi ngokwakhe. Yena ngokumbetha kwaye umqhathile kuyo kunye Avdotya Chernysheva ethile, sakhonza kwi enkundleni.

isohlwayo esiqatha

Izihlandlo eziliqela uMariya waba zimithiswe Orlov kwaye ukuba balahle umntwana, wayesela iyeza, eyamnika ugqirha wakhe enkundleni. Kwaye ngo 1717, ngokutsho, umkhonzazana wakhe, ngasese wazala umntwana, warhaxwa naye isinqe. Kungekudala ndafunda ngalo ukumkani uPetros. Court lady yathinjwa, ngemibuzo, njengoko yavuma ityala lakhe, siyifumana uPetros Paul Fortress. Ngendlela, ukuba ngomnye amabanjwa obhinqileyo lokuqala ezakhiwe entolongweni.

Phakathi-Matshi 1718 kwi Emnye Square Maria Hamilton wanqunyulwa intloko. Ngokutsho legend, umlawuli waphakamisa intloko ndanahlula waza wamanga emilebeni.

Umkhonzazana udumo, luthandwa of Peter I

Varvara Arsenyev udadewabo omncinane Darya Mihailovna - umfazi Aleksandra Danilovicha Menshikova, kunye neqabane ozithandayo komlawuli. Ngokutsho memoirs ababephila, yena wayengekho mhle, kodwa neengqondi, ufundile engaqhelekanga. Le yokugqibela yena nakanjani udade nomyeni wakhe, njengoko uAleksandr Danilovich wayethembe ukwenza inkosikazi. I Menshikov Palace kuwo nokuba waba igumbi yayo, ekuthiwa amagumbi Varvara. Kuba xa uPetros I ukuthi lithandana kunye Arsenyev omnci, wada wamnika kwiilali ezimbalwa.

Emva kokufa kumkani Menshikov, ukuhlala yohambelwano uCatherine I, malunga neminyaka emibini ilizwe lalilawulwa phantse single-handedly. Kwi Ukuvuma etroneni, umlawuli omtsha Peter II , wamkela isikhundla wempi kunye isihloko generalissimo. Ukongeza, intombi yakhe uMariya useleganelwe inkosi entsha. Kodwa ke iintshaba ezininzi, ngoko akukho nokuba yintoni, ngokukhawuleza alusenampembelelo waza wawa nenkoliseko. Kungekudala Menshikov waya ekuthinjweni kunye nomfazi wakhe Varvara Arsenyev wathumela ngombono weemonki. Yena walangazelela ukuba abalekele entolongweni, kananjalo wabhala iincwadi ukuba amanenekazi nempembelelo wenkundla isicelo ukubeka ilizwi elilungileyo yona.

Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1728 Menshikov meko iye Sikwimeko ngakumbi, ezingenakulinganiswa kodwa camngca bakhona. Waye ukuya Goritsky nunnery, apho waba ngunongendi. Ayikwazi ukumelana le ubunzima, wafa emva konyaka.

Kangangeenkulungwane ezimbini, ezininzi iintsapho ziye bafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba iintombi zabo qhoboshela enkundleni, eli phupha kunye namantombazana. Enyanisweni, kwafumaniseka ukuba le ndlela yobomi kakhulu nokuchitha obungabangeli mdla. evekini Imperial mzuzu iibhola kunye namatheko karhulumente ezintle kwaphela, yaye umoya ovuthuzayo enjalo angahlala ubomi bakho, njengoko abathile amanenekazi engazange atshate. Amaninzi, ezi manenekazi ezindala abe abagcine wenzala zabalawuli.