IJografi: yiliphikazikazi elikumazantsi e-Australia

I-Antarctica yileli lizwekazi elisezantsi kwe-Australia, kunye nezantsi eMzantsi Melika kunye ne-Afrika. Ekhuselekileyo nge-multi-kilometer layer of ice, ilizwekazi alihlali kwaye, ngokwemiqathango yezizwe ngezizwe, ayinayo nayiphi na yeli lizwe, nangona ukuba ngexesha leemfazwe zenkoloni abathile bathi amabango abo athile athile amakhulu e-Antarctic.

Intlanganiso yokuqala

Abafumanisi be-Antarctica baqaphela ukuba abantu baseRashiya baselwandle baseBellingshausen kunye neLazarev, ababengowokuqala ukugqitha ilizwekazi lonke, ngaloo ndlela beqinisekisa ukuba khona kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, igama lamanje leli zwekazi alizange lifumaneke ngokukhawuleza. Ekuqaleni, oovulindlela babibiza ngokuthi "i-continent ice".

Ngokwenene, igama elithi "i-Antarctica" libuyela kwimipembe yaseGrisi ehlangene neAristotle kwaye iguqulelwe ngokuthi "ngokumelene nomntla", ebonisa indawo yayo-emva kwayo yonke, lizwekazi eliphambili kweli zwe, elikulo ndawo ihlala kufuphi nePole Pole.

Izwekazi linesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kunye neyona ndawo ephakamileyo phakathi kwelizwekazi, oko kuthetha ukuba inqanaba eliphezulu lokuphakama ngaphezu kolwandle kunamanye amazwekazi. Nangona kunjalo, zonke eziphakamileyo zifihliwe phantsi kobunzima beqhwa, ngamanye amaxesha zifikelela ubukhulu beekhilomitha eziliqela.

I-Icy Shell

Phezulu kwidwala le-continental e-Antarctica ayinakunqanaba yeentlango zeqhwa ezifikelela kude elwandle ukusuka kunxweme elifanelekileyo kwilizwekazi elifanelekileyo. Ngexesha elide, phantsi koxinzelelo lweqhwa ukusuka ekujuleni kweli zwekazi, amaqabunga amakhulu e-icebergs aphuka kwiindawo zeqhwa, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-icebergs, ezinye zazo zifikelela kwizinga elikhulu kangangokuthi abanalo ixesha lokuyibilika endleleni eya enyakatho baze bafike emanxwemeni ase-Australia.

I-Antarctica ivela e-Australia kwiikhilomitha eziliwaka elinesithathu, ngelixa iphuma eMzantsi Melika ukuya kummandla welizwekazi leqhwa iikhilomitha eziliwaka kuphela.

Siyathemba ukuba ngoku kuya kuba lula ukuphendula ngisho nabafundi bebakala lesi-2, eliphi ilizwekazi elikumazantsi e-Australia.

South of Australia

Kufuneka kuthathelwe ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba iindawo ezisemaphandleni zihlala kwindawo engakanani kunye neAntarctica, ngokuqinisekileyo zibonakaliswe kwiimeko zezulu ezivela kwiindawo eziqhoqhoqho.

Inyaniso kukuba ku-Antarctica ukuba kukho iingongoma apho kubhalwa khona ingqungquthela eyomeleleyo yomoya, amaqondo okushisa aphantsi kunye nombane onamandla kunamandla. Ezi nkqubo ezintle azikwazi ukuphazamisa isimo sezulu. Ngaloo ndlela, yiliphikazikazi elisezantsi le-Australia lichaphazela ubomi babo bonke abantu emhlabeni.