Iintlobo irayisi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo ekuphekeni

Saracen corn (elinye lamagama imveliso, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku) yi izityalo omdala zilinywa umntu. Ezinye iintlobo zerayisi kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini lonke baye kudala kusetyenziswa ukulungiselela izitya emnandi (waza owokuqala, owesibini kwaye nkqu yesithathu) kwi cuisine yesizwe: plov, isidudu, isuphu, iziselo. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, esebenzisa ngayo ekuphekeni ukukhanya utywala kakhulu. Phantse zonke iintlobo zerayisi babe iipropati ezininzi kuluncedo umzimba womntu, evumela abantu ukuba ngokukhuselekileyo ukutya ndibuthabathe. Kwaye ke Iintlobo ngeentlobo izitya equka le mveliso kwi amakhitshi abantu behlabathi - ngokucacile ungqinela oku kungqina oko.

ngezigaba

Ziziphi iintlobo zerayisi kakhulu kakhulu? Makhe nisinga iinzululwazi ngqo, esixelela ukuba iintlobo yalo ipapa efunyenwe lonke ixesha kulinywa amakhulu lwakhe Lweminyaka. A Botany ngokwenzululwazi iintlobo-20 zerayisi thaca amagama, kodwa kukho ngaphezulu kwe-150 iintlobo ze kancinane ngaphantsi kwe-8 tysyach imihlanganisela yayo agronomic. njani lokuhlela yonke inani ukuqonda ukumelwa lwengxubevange?

Indlela yokwahlukanisa

Umfanekiso wesiNtu ukwahlula umbala, ngokutsho ubude beenkozo, indlela processing, apho unenzondelelo. Ngaphezu koko, iintlobo efanayo zerayisi usenokuba ngokunxulumene ezithandwa, imibala, izinongo, iipropati zesondlo ezahlukeneyo. Yaye imibala zerayisi ibhalwa shades abamhlophe kuphela. Kwakhona ebomvu, nengubo ebomvu, emnyama, irayisi ebengezelayo.

Kunye ubude kweenkozo

Zingaphi iintlobo zerayisi, kukho, ngokutsho yokuhlela ngobude wokudla okuziinkozo? Ngu ubungakanani nokhozo zerayisi, imilo kunye nobude imifuno okumnandi zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amakhulu amathathu. Round (eyaziwa ngokuba Round okanye korotkozernym) srednezerny kunye nerayisi elide-okuziinkozo. Iintlobo kunye neepropati bawo apha ezingafaniyo. Cinga oda.

grain elide

Olu hlobo irayisi kakuhle ngabo bonke, mhlawumbi ukususela ebuntwaneni. Iinkozo ugobela ngakulo, laphela, maxa wambi kufikelela ukuya isentimitha ubude. Xa umbala siza kusetyenziswa ukubona ukuba selubala, antsundu okanye ezimhlophe. Xa kuphekwe (idla okuphekwe), bakholisa ukuba ufunxe isixa ubuncinane bamanzi, kubangele abawuthobeli bavimba zokupheka, leyo ifunyenwe kwi imveliso uphuqeka. Ukuba sithethe malunga neentlobo zerayisi, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwazo ekuphekeni, le ummeli ekhitshini osetyenziswa ixakeke kakhulu. ingca Long ukuze salads, isuphu nesityu, appetizers ezahlukeneyo, izitya ngapha izitya inyama. Kuyinto uthandwa phantse kulo lonke ihlabathi: kwi-East, eYurophu, eMelika, e-Australia. osemqoka yayo lokwahlula - yobulukhuni kunye friability. Kucingwa umgangatho uphezulu okupheka luncedo yeentlobo ezininzi zokupheka.

avareji wokudla

Ajikelezayo ubude okuziinkozo ngemilimitha 6. Abaqiniseki ngaphaya. Xa srednezernom ukwandisa isiqulatho istatshi. Ngoko ke, ingqolowa afunxa amanzi amaninzi ngexesha ukupheka, kwaye imveliso - encamathelayo kodwa hayi kakhulu unamathela. Xa umbala, ngokuqhelekileyo omhlophe okanye mdaka. iintlobo irayisi Srednezernye izinto ezinkulu isuphu umqa. Ezi iintlobo kunye neentlobo irayisi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo ekuphekeni: Paella (Bahia iintlobo), ukwenzela ukulungiselela nerisotto Italian (Arborio okanye Carnaroli iintlobo). Abanamava abapheki yaseYurophu bacebisa ukuba engaphekisiswanga kancinane, ukuze ufumane isiphumo uphuqeka kwaye okumnandi kunye nemilo ezintle. Ezi iintlobo irayisi elinywa yiMelika Asia, iYurophu kunye Australia - yonke indawo.

grain round

okuziinkozo ke imilo phantse ngeenxa zonke. Ngobukhulu abaqiniseki kunoogxa babo: ukuya ku-5 mm ubude. Phantse opaque, umbala ezimhlophe. Round njo ngokugqibeleleyo (apho umxholo liphezulu kwezinto okunesitatshi), ngoko ezi iintlobo kunye neentlobo sushi irayisi - ukhetho efanelekileyo. Ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, Round isincomo ukunika abantwana. Eli nani kakuhle ifanele lokulungiselela yerayisi isidudu. Nkqu amaxesha USSR (kwaye ngoku kumazwe amaninzi ico) e preschools oko rhoqo ifakiwe kwi menu. Ukuba elide ukupheka ngeenxa okuziinkozo irayisi, oko lubamba mali iphezulu ulwelo ebilisiweyo uthambile kwaye lube kusikhumbuza cream. ENgilani, ukususela yerayisi loo wapheka zonke iintlobo dessert kunye puddings. Round efana eyahlukahlukeneyo eJapan. Kukho ngokwemveli iintlobo ngeenxa zonke zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ngenxa - irayisi isiselo esinxilisayo.

Types of irayisi processing

Kodwa indlela zerayisi nesicelo kuchazwa unpolished (ekwabizwa ngokuba ngebala), likhazimlisiwe (abamhlophe) kunye iyabiliswa (transparent). Ezi ntlobo zerayisi kunye nokusetyenziswa zabo ziyahluka. Sixelele ngokufutshane malunga ngamnye kubo.

unpolished

Le grain irayisi yonke. Iphathwa ubuncinane kakhulu. Ngoxa kugcinwa iqokobhe bran, leyo usile nangezinye izihlandlo. Kuye isikali emdaka umbala kunye abangasekhoyo kunenye incasa Nutty (ngenxa iqokobhe ekhohlo), incasa ngokukhawuleza nobutyebi incasa. Ngenxa yoko, i-processing ubuncinane agcinwe ezininzi izondlo: iivithamini, iiminerali, ifayibha equlethwe iqokobhe mbilu. Ngokwemveli, ke ngoko, irayisi emdaka kugqalwa i iluncedo kakhulu ukutyiwa ngabantu. Of elapha: ukukwazi ukomeleza amajoni omzimba, ngokuyingenelo kuchaphazela umsebenzi ingqondo, ngcono ukugaya. Le ukupheka kuthatha ixesha elininzi ngakumbi: ngokuqhelekileyo ukwenziwa kwimizuzu mane, kodwa konke oku Ongathanga awe ngaphandle kwaye igcina friability. kuphela ethile yayo - ezikhabhathini phantsi. Ngoko ke, epheka rice brown ke kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ngoko nangoko ukutya. Kwaye kudla ezenziwe izitya efanayo njengoko emhlophe.

ibengezela

Okanye yonke irayisi emhlophe njengesiqhelo. Le okuziinkozo ixhaphakileyo ehlabathini. Le efunyenwe besila ingqolowa, nto leyo zizakususwa xa iqokobhe lwabo - bran. Iinkozo zibe rovnenkie, Gorny, umbala omhlophe, ngaphaya kancinane. Ngamana, ngengozi, ukuba nawuphi na imilo: ngeenxa zonke, elide (jonga zokuhlela elidlulileyo) kwaye babe imbewu ezahlukeneyo agronomic. Ngoko ke, indlela irayisi emhlophe (njengoko, eneneni, nezingemnyama), - indlela processing. Ngu umzekeliso sprats, umzekelo, izinto ezo uhlobo intlanzi, kodwa indlela yayo kuphela zamalungiselelo. Grain irayisi emhlophe iphekwe nje imizuzu elishumi okanye ishumi elinesihlanu maxa amaninzi. Bethule ezininzi kwezinto okunesitatshi (ukuya kwi-70 ekhulwini kwimeko), kodwa, oko, akukho kwanele iivithamini kuyingenelo kunye neeminerali kunye neetyuwa asuswe kunye bran xa processing inzulu okuziinkozo. Kakade ke, kusekho ezininzi okukhona, kodwa, eneneni, irayisi emhlophe - imveliso ethe shinyi (ngokufanayo, umzekelo, iswekile ecokisiweyo). Nangona le mveliso lusetyenziswa emizini yethu. It has a elide ezikhabhathini yaye etsala ngexabiso "ethandwayo", ngoko, mhlawumbi, kwaye sele iphumelele ithandwa kangaka phakathi kwabantu. It yenziwa irayisi emhlophe kunye nokulungiselela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo izitya, i njengesiqhelo ekuphekeni ekhaya, ukususela okuziinkozo ukuya pilaf ilekese iziqhamo womile.

iyabiliswa

Ngoko wabiza irayisi, ukusingathwa lokugqibela eyiyo ezifunyenwe umbala legolide iyakhanya. Ekuqaleni ahlambe neenkozo, wandula vysachivayut emanzini ashushu, emva phantsi ezikucaphukisa kakhulu unyango. Kwaye ngoko kuphela yomile, phantsi lokugaya kunye iblitshi. Umphunga unyango njengoko athwala izakhi kungena mbilu. Kubonakala ukuba irayisi parboiled uba iimpawu zazo luncedo kangangoko omdaka, ekrwada. irayisi yokutya okungaphekwanga, lidla yegolide evuthiweyo umbala. Kodwa emva ukupheka, oku liyalahleka kunye nerayisi iba imbonakalo aqhelekileyo emhlophe. Eliphekwe eside ngaphezu irayisi emhlophe - malunga 20-25 imizuzu. Iinkozo bengabambeleli kunye, okunencasa kwaye uphuqeka. Okwangoku, abapheki olu hlobo ifumana abantu njengoko igcina kukodwa, njengoko kuthelekiswa emhlophe, into eninzi kwezinto eziluncedo.

irayisi zasendle

Iintlobo zerayisi yasendle (okanye mandithi, zenyathi yayo) eyaziwa inani ezine. Ngaphezu koko, abathathu kubo - weza evela North America, ngoxa sesine - inzalelwane China. Kuye kudala ezisetyenziswa njengokutya kwamaNdiya, yaye China yamandulo, ukuba nayo zasasazwa ngokubanzi, kodwa kamva indawo yi irayisi njengesiqhelo. Ngoku irayisi yasendle (iintlobo-4) ukulimeka kuphela emantla of America kunye neTshayina, yaye ngoko eqolo. It has ukukhanya livumba Nutty, incasa elimnandi kancinane. kuluncedo kakhulu: zizityebi iiminerali, iiprotheni kunye neevithamini. Iinkozo - shades brown okanye emnyama, limenyezelayo kunye agudileyo. Agaye ixesha elide: imizuzu engamashumi amane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko ungasetyenziswa esitiyeni nezinye iindidi nerayisi. Ngokwexabiso (i irayisi) iintlobo / osidingayo, oko kwanala phakathi bonke abanye. Kucingwa yimveliso elungeleleneyo ngokwendalo, kwaye ngoko ke kucetyiswa ukuba zisetyenziswe zokudla kwaye likhuthaza isondlo esifanelekileyo.

iintlobo Popular

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iintlobo okuziinkozo - imali enkulu. Kodwa nangokusesikweni phakathi ziingcungcu: Basmati, Camolino, jasmine, arborio, asendle.

Basmati okanye "Thai" - elide-grain irayisi, ezaziwayo ngukumkani ngezizwe ezahlukeneyo irayisi. Uye ingqolowa mde ehlabathini. Bayakwazi ukufika ngexesha upheka ukuze ngokweesentimitha-2. Ulinywa nokulinywa ngenxa yabo e-Indiya nasePakistan kwiminyaka yakutshanje - eUnited States.

Jasmine - ezimhlophe elide-grain rice. E uphuqeka soft, nge flavour ubisi elungileyo. Ezityaliweyo amazwe mpuma Asia. Great ekuphekeni Cuisine oriental.

E Italy, Arborio lwahluma leyo zilungiselelwa ngokwemveli izitya Italian neSpanishi ukusuka. Kwaye Japan - kukho irayisi eyodwa glutinous sushi.

pilaf

Iintlobo irayisi pilaf, enokusetyenziselwa ekulungiseleleni ukutya ethandwa isithuba kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. abapheki abanamava bayacetyiswa ukuba athathe ongoyena mncinane slipnetsya ngexesha processing. Ngapha koko, ukuba pilaf elungileyo kufuneka iimpawu ezifana friability. grain ngoko ezifanelekileyo nezinde esimdaka parboiled. Kodwa Round kunye nomhlaba srednezerny ayikhuthazwa ukuba: umngcipheko endaweni izitya esimnandi ukufumana irayisi isidudu kunye nenyama.