Iinguqulelo ngemvelaphi yomntu. theory osisiseko imvelaphi yabantu

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iinguqulelo ezahlukileyo ngemvelaphi yomntu emhlabeni. Oku iithiyori zenzululwazi, kunye nezinye, kwaye YeApocalypse. Abantu abaninzi bathi ngokwabo ukuba inzala zezulu okanye amagunya kaThixo, nangona ubungqina obuphathekayo oosonzululwazi kunye zakudala. mbali ezaziwayo ukuphika le ngcamango, njengoko neentsomi, kuqalwa kwezinye iinguqulelo.

imiba ngokubanzi

Ukususela ngexesha athi umntu esidala kuye sasingumba zokufunda kunye nomoya nenzululwazi yezobugqi. Phakathi kwabantu kunye nenzululwazi yendalo sisaxakekile dialogue malunga nengxaki yokuba kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi. Okwangoku, izazinzulu wanika le ndoda inkcazelo ethile. It isidalwa biosocial ukuba sidibanisa ubukrelekrele kunye nethuku. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba akukho namnye umntu ehlabathini sisidalwa enjalo. Loo nkcazelo inokuba a elula kubalelwa abanye abameli zezilo ehlabathini.

isayensi Modern iye ngokucacileyo esahlula eziphilayo kunye komuntu. Ukufuna umda phakathi amacandelo achaphazelekayo kumaziko ophando ehlabathini lonke. Le ndawo yesayensi ekuthiwa sociobiology. Ukhangele nzulu undoqo womntu, kuvele iimpawu zayo zendalo oluntu kunye ozikhethayo. A yendalo zoluntu kunokwenzeka ngaphandle ukubandakanyeka lwedatha bulumko yakhe zentlalo na. Namhlanje abantu - dalwa na iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokwendalo. Noko ke, abantu abaninzi ehlabathini lonke ochaphazelekayo ngomnye umba - imvelaphi yayo. Kuye amawaka eminyaka ukuzama ukunika impendulo, oosonzululwazi kunye abaphengululi zeenkolo zehlabathi.

I Descent of Man: An Introduction

Umbuzo lo mbono ubomi okrelekrele ngaphaya Earth kuye kwatsala ingqalelo izazinzulu aphambili amakhono awahlukeneyo. Abanye abantu bayavuma ukuba imvelaphi womntu kunye noluntu angafanele ukufuna. Ngokusisiseko, ngoko bathi abo bakholwayo ngokwenene amandla angaphezu kwendalo. Ngokusekelwe kule mbono ngemvelaphi yomntu, umntu wadalwa nguThixo. Le nguqulo has inqwaba iminyaka ilandelelana ukukuphikisa izazinzulu.

Nakuba wonke iqwalasela ukuba ezinye iindidi abemi, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, eli phephancwadi liza kusoloko useza kunye ngamayelenqe. Mva zobulumko mihla saqala ukucela wena nabanye: "Kutheni na ukuba wadala abantu, yaye iyintoni injongo yawo sokuba emhlabeni?". Impendulo yalo mbuzo wesibini soze kwenzeke ukufumana.

Ke yimbonakalo isidalwa ezikrelekrele emhlabeni, ngoko ukuhlola inkqubo real kakhulu. Namhlanje lo mbuzo zama ukuphendula ingcamango esisiseko imvelaphi yabantu, kodwa 100 pesenti siqinisekiso ukuchaneka ngokwamasiko abo, akukho namnye kubo ayikwazi kusinika. Okwangoku, abembi, izazinzulu ngeenkwenkwezi ehlabathini jikelele sisajongisisa yonke imithombo ngemvelaphi ukuphila emhlabeni kunokwenzeka, nokuba imichiza, zebhayoloji okanye morphological.

Ngelishwa, ngeli xesha abantu akwazi ukumisela ukuba ngowuphi ekhulu BC abantu bokuqala.

imfundiso zikaDarwin

Okwangoku, kukho uluhlu olubanzi iinguqulelo ngemvelaphi yomntu. Nangona kunjalo, lo kusenokwenzeka kakhulu kwaye ikufutshane inyaniso ingcamango-nzulu yaseBritani egama Charles Darwin. Yaba nguye lowo wenza igalelo elikhulu kakhulu kwinzululwazi eziphilayo. imfundiso yakhe isekelwe kwinkcazelo ukhetho yendalo, nto leyo yenza njengoko eziqhuba zazivelela. Le nguqulelo yendalo-zenzululwazi ngemvelaphi yomntu yaye zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Isiseko theory zikaDarwin ezimile ngokuqaphela yakhe yendalo xa ehamba ehlabathini lonke. Development kweprojekthi yaqalwa ngo-1837, kwaqhubeka iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20. Ngenkulungwane ye-19 ngasekupheleni eliNgesi yayame enye ingcali yenzululwazi, semvelo - A. Wallace. Kungekudala emva kokuba ingxelo yayo e London, wavuma ukuba UCharles ngempembelelo yakhe. Ngoko yonke indlela - kaDarwin.

Abalandeli lo mbutho uyavuma ukuba zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo ehlabathini eguqukayo kwaye zivela kwezinye iintlobo, ekhoyo ngaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, le thiyori isekelwe phezu impermanence zonke izinto eziphilayo endalweni. Isizathu soku zivunywa. On the planet asinde kuphela fomu elinamandla, ezinako ukumelana neemeko yangoku zokusingqongileyo. Umntu kanye usisidalwa enjalo. Ngenxa chavelela nomnqweno kusinda abantu kufuneka baphuhlise izakhono zabo nolwazi.

Imfundiso ngoncedo

Xa intliziyo olu guqulelo lwe imvelaphi yabantu okufanele imisebenzi lempucuko amazwe. Kukholelwa ukuba abantu inzala zezidalwa yalapha nezingonakalisiyo eziye zihlale Earth kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Eli bali ngemvelaphi indoda iziphambuka eziliqela.

Ngokutsho kwabanye, abantu zibangelwa ziyazalana kunye izinyanya yabasemzini. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba lonke nandzu izakhi zofuzo iintlobo aphezulu inkcazelo bezisa Homo sapiens ukusuka iselwa kunye DNA bayo. Umntu Qiniseka abantu aba ngenxa yeziphoso experimenti kwizilwanyana. Kwelinye icala, oko umdla kakhulu kwaye uguqulelo mhlawumbi sokungenelela njengabaphambukeli kwemvelo of Homo sapiens. Ngoko ke akukho mfihlakalo ukuba abembi ingafumana kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi ezininzi imizobo, iirekhodi, kunye nobunye ubungqina bokuba abantu bamandulo kwanceda abanye mandla angaphezu. Oku kusebenza kwi yamaMaya, okuthiwa Ukhanye izidalwa komhlaba kunye amaphiko phezu inqwelo engaqhelekanga yasezulwini.

Kukho inkolelo yokuba yonke ubomi babantu ukususela imvelaphi ukuya kwincopho chavelela aqhubeke yinkqubo afanekiselwa wabeka intelligence komhlaba. Kukho iinguqulelo ezichaseneyo ekufuduselweni kwabo earthlings kunye iiplanethi namakroza iinkqubo ezinjalo, Sirius, iScorpio, ubra, njalo-njalo. D.

imfundiso yokuzivelela kwezinto

Abalandeli le nguqulelo bakholelwa ukuba yimbonakalo yomntu Emhlabeni ngenxa ukuguqula le obeku-. Le mbono yeyona eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwaye kuxoxwe ngazo. Kuvela kuwo, abantu bavela kwezinye iintlobo zeenkawu. Le kwemvelo kwaqala kumaxesha amandulo phantsi kwempembelelo yokukhethwa yendalo, kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle.

Le ngcamango yokuzivelela unayo ubungqina umdla kunye nobungqina njengoko zakudala, ngezidalwa zamandulo, yemfuza, kunye nasengqondweni. Kwelinye icala, nganye kwezi ngxelo Inokuchazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Le ubumbaxa izibakala - oko akwenzi olu guqulelo ichanekile 100%.

imfundiso yendalo

Eli sebe liye lafumana igama ngendalo. abalandeli bakhe ukukhanyela iingcamango imvelaphi yabantu. Bakholelwa ukuba uThixo wadala abantu, nto leyo ibhulorho liphezulu ehlabathini. Umntu wadalwa ngokufana izinto zakhe non-eziphilayo. Inguqulelo yeBhayibhile e-worldwork theory ithi abantu zokuqala uAdam noEva. UThixo wabo wawenza nodongwe. E Egypt kunye namanye amazwe amaninzi, unqulo uya kude emva ziintsomi zamandulo. Uninzi ababengakholwa ukuyikholelwa le ngcamango akunakwenzeka, ukuphonononga amathuba yalo billionths limalunga nesenti.

indalo Version zonke ubomi UThixo akafuni ubungqina, ukuba ukho nje yaye unelungelo lokuba kuyo. inkxaso yayo kunokubangela imizekelo efanayo evela iintsomi kunye kumabali bonke abantu phezu komhlaba. Ezi zinto angena kubethwa ngoyaba.

Theory of okungahambi space

Le yenye kwiinguqulelo ezininzi enokuphikiswa yaye kwamnandi of anthropogenesis. Abalandeli mbono yimbonakalo yomntu phezu komhlaba ngengozi. Ngokutsho kwabo, abantu baqalisa ukungaqheleki thole iindawo ngaxeshanye. Ookhokho earthmen babengabameli impucuko irobhothi, zona umxube zeZinto, Namandla Aura.

Imfundiso mgaqweni lubonisa ukuba izigidi nasezulwini iiplanethi nabo ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila, leyo wadala iinkcukacha kweziyobisi emanyeneyo. Xa iimeko zivuma, oku kukhokelela ukuvela lobomi, oko kukuthi, ingqondo irobhothi.

Inxalenye yale mbono ifana kakhulu zazivelela, ngaphandle kokuba kwamkelwe inkqubo ethile ekuphuhliseni uluntu.

zasemanzini lwenkawu hypothesis

Le nguqulelo ngemvelaphi yomntu ehlabathini phantse 100 iminyaka. Ngo 1920, ingcamango zasemanzini yaphakanyiswa kuqala ezaziwayo-kakuhle sebhayoloji zaselwandle uAlister Hardy ngegama, apho kamva exhaswa komnye umphengululi ohloniphekileyo, i waseJamani Max Vestenhoffer. Version isekelwe phezu into elibalaseleyo, atsho iinkawu enkulu ukungena iqonga entsha yophuhliso. Yiloo nto kwanyanzeleka iinkawu ukuba unokuyitshintsha amanzi indlela yobomi kwelo lizwe. Ngoko hypothesis ucacisa ukungabikho nonwele yomzimba ashinyeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, isigaba sokuqala nasekusungulweni umntu sele idlule ukususela ibakala gidropiteka ebonakala ngaphezu kwezigidi ezili-12. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, Homo erectus, uze emva koko sapiens.

Namhlanje, olu guqulelo lwe isayensi ngenkankulu ingqalelo.

imibono ezinye

Enye iinguqulelo ezininzi omlingo ngemvelaphi yomntu ehlabathini kukuba inzala yabantu ezinye izidalwa aqubude kuzo. Kwezinye iicawa kubabiza zezulu. Ngaba bathandi abantu ukusuka kudaladala belimiwe umhlaba. imbonakalo yazo efana naleyo balo (umxube intaka kunye nabantu). Ubukho ezi zidalwa kuxhaswa imizobo rock ezininzi.

Eziwudibanisayo enye imfundiso yokuba abantu nisaqala zophuhliso iingxilimbela ngokwenene. Ngokutsho kwezinye amavo, le isigebenga poluchelovekom-demigod, ngenxa yokuba omnye abazali babo sisithunywa. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, amandla aphezulu wayeka phantsi Emhlabeni, kwaye Anaki kwemkiwa.

seentsomi zamandulo

Malunga ngemvelaphi yomntu kukho inani elikhulu amavo kunye namabali. AmaGrike amandulo ayekholelwa ukuba iminyanya abantu Deucalion kunye Pyrrha, owathiywa ukuthanda koothixo asinda umkhukula waza wadala uhlanga entsha eqingqiweyo ngamatye.

I-Chinese yamandulo babekholelwa ukuba umntu wokuqala kwakusenyanyeni, wahamba phandle nentlama nodongwe. UMdali abantu uthixokazi Nuwa. Yaba indoda inamba xa umntu omnye.

Ngokutsho legend Turkish, kweza abantu baphume Blackrock. umqolomba wakhe umngxuma ukuba yayifana ifomu yabantu yomzimba. Imvula Walihlamba zodongwe. Xa ifomu uzaliswe kwaye ukugcakamela ilanga, kwafika umntu wokuqala kulo. Kwaye igama lakhe Ah-Atam.

Iintsomi malunga nemvelaphi eSioux Indians abantu karhulumente ukuba abantu wadala indalo uMvundla. indalo Divine bafumana ihlwili igazi kwaye uqale ukudlala ngayo. Kungekudala waqalisa roll emhlabeni yaye yaba amathumbu. Bandula beza igazi entliziyweni ihlwili kunye namanye amaziko. Ngenxa yoko, umvundla yamntlala inkwenkwe kwibakala - eSioux ubawo.

Ngokutsho baseMexico amandulo, uThixo wadala ngokobuntu zodongwe lodongwe. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba kubhaliwe overexposed billet kweli ziko, le ndoda yajika zirhawuke nokurhawuka oku, oko kukuthi abaNtsundu. Imizamo eyalandela ngokuphindaphindiweyo iba ngcono, baphume abantu mhlophe.

isithethe Mongolian, enye ukuya kwenye efana Turkish. Umntu iphuma sokubumba ngodongwe. Umahluko kuphela kukuba umhadi wemba uzenza uthixo.

izigaba kwemvelo

Nangona ngemvelaphi version womntu, onke abaphengululi bayavuma ukuba amanqanaba lophuhliso awo twatse. Abantu bokuqala wahamba AMAGQABAZA ▸ tye baba australopithecines, leyo ukunxibelelana nabanye nge iingalo yaye akakho ngaphezu 130 cm.

Inqanaba elilandelayo kwemvelo kwaveza i Pithecanthropus. Ezi zidalwa sele esazi ukuba usebenzise indlela ngomlilo ukunyenyisa uhlobo zakho iimfuno zabo (amatye, isikhumba, ithambo). Further Ukudaleka umntu sele ifikelele palaeoanthropes. Ngeli xesha, imifanekiso uguqulo abantu sele bekwazi ukunxibelelana izandi ukucinga ngokudibeneyo.

Yinkalo yokugqibela ngendaleko phambi imbonakalo -Homo sapiens yaqala neanthropines. Ngaphandle, kakhulu ezahlukene ngabantu mihla. Babesenza izixhobo, bemanyene izizwe, lweenkokheli ezonyuliweyo, nemibutho izithethe lokuvota.

kakhokho yoluntu

Ngaphandle kokuba izazinzulu mbali ehlabathini lonke nangoku bexambulisana malunga neengcamango imvelaphi yabantu, kuloo ndawo apho ingqondo wazalelwa, kodwa ikwazile ukwakha. Kuyinto kwilizwekazi le-Afrika. Abembi bezinto zakudala abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ungaxinanisa phantsi indawo ukuya emntla-mpuma yinxalenye lizwekazi, nangona kukho uluvo, kwaye izinga lokuqaqamba kumbandela isiqingatha esemazantsi. Kwelinye icala, kukho abantu bakholelwa ukuba abantu zavela Asia (e-Indiya kunye namazwe angabamelwane).

Iziphumo ukuba abantu bokuqala omiweyo Afrika, benziwa emva ezifunyaniswe ezininzi ngenxa yokubhuqiswa ukumba. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba xa kukho iintlobo pre-umfanekiso womntu (iintlanga).

Ezafunyanwa eyinqaba zakudala

Ezinye izinto ezenziwe kakhulu umdla enokuchaphazela ukusebenza ngayo enyanisweni imvelaphi kunye nophuhliso womntu, wabetha ukakayi kunye iimpondo abantu bamandulo. Uphando zakudala kwenziwa Gobi Desert mkhankaso Belgian phakathi kwenkulungwane yama-20. Owayesakuba Impucuko zaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wafumana imifanekiso okubhabha izinto kunye nabantu endleleni yabo eya Earth evela ngaphandle kwenkqubo elanga. amanani efanayo kwezinye izizwe ezininzi yamandulo.

Ngowe-1927, xa amanzi oLwandle lweCaribbean ngenxa kwimingxuma yafunyanwa yokakayi engaqhelekanga neselubala, lufana nomkhenkce. izifundo ezininzi abafumananga technology eziphathekayo kunye mveliso. Inzala i yamaMaya ibango ukuba ookhokho babo babenqula eli ukakayi ngathi isithixo ephakamileyo.