Yonke imizekelo izithuthuthu "phambene": imbali, iifoto

Yonke imifuziselo of Soviet kunye izithuthuthu Russian "phambene" i iklasi ephambili esinenjini, imboni yasekhaya. Devices babe ukuguqulwa eziliqela, yaye iisampulu mihla ezisetyenziswa ngabathengi. Umenzi uzama ukugcina badibanise ngokupheleleyo nomgangatho, umthamo kunye permeability le yunithi. Inikeza mihla, umatshini enamavili amabini luhlobo olunye, kunye nengozi wokusekela inkcazo icala itreyila. Qwalasela iimpawu kunye iimpawu zoyilo athandwa kakhulu.

History nokudalwa

Yonke imizekelo "phambene" isithuthuthu, ngokwamazinga ezahlukeneyo, khuphela i waseJamani uphawu BMWR. Kwase yokuqala wadalwa abathungi yiSoviet ngo-1939. iinguqulelo ezinkulu ngemvelaphi bobabini, uze ujonge ubunyani yabo ayiyi kuba okwangoku kunokwenzeka.

Kwakuyeyona elingana yaseJamani yadluliselwa eSoviet Union for ngokutsha, emva koko ababhekisi phambili sasekhaya sakhulula ukuguqulwa efanayo. Le ukhetho yesibini ibandakanya ukuthengwa sokuqala eSweden, ewela ngakumbi kwi-USSR, kunye nokuveliswa isithuthi umbuzo.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngowe-1941, zaye zakhutshwa phantsi izithuthuthu uphawu M-72, apho i "izalamane" isiJamani njengamntu ngokufanayo nje amawele. kubuxhakaxhaka bokuvelisa Uthotho sele sivunyiwe yi Iosifom Stalinym. Production wahlelwa kwisityalo Moscow, Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba imeko koomatshini yimfazwe ukwenza wafuduselwa eSiberia (kwidolophu encinane Irbit). Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kwiiholo imveliso kwi yangaphambili yezityalo utywala, ngenxa yokunqongophala nokufumaneka izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo.

"Phambene M-72"

Yonke imizekelo "phambene" isithuthuthu kufana evela emkhosini-style M-72. ukunikezelwa emzini Irbit emkhosini yaqala ngo-1942. Inani elipheleleyo izithuthuthu zomkhosi yaba ziziqwenga ngaphezulu kwama 9700. Ukukhulula isixhobo waqhubeka kwaze 1954. iikopi ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezithathu zaye zaveliswa ngeli xesha.

ukuguqulwa Civil isithuthi eso MBUZO phantsi isiqu M-52. utshintsho lokwakheka ovumela singangumzekelo ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza yaye ngokuthe ngcembe phezu igada. Njengoko iyunithi amandla lisetyenziswa stroke injini ezine ngeesentimitha ezintlanu cubic. Ngeempawu motor ukuvumela umatshini ukuhlakaza 100 km ngeyure ngowama-24 eelitha umthamo. a. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba olu guqulelo ibe yokuthengisa, nangona kunjalo, umnini ngamnye kufuneka abhalise ibhayisikile kule commissariat emkhosini.

Properties zohlobo M-61 kunye M-66

Yonke imizekelo izithuthuthu "phambene" ayikwazi kuqwalaselwa ngaphandle iinguqulelo ezimbini eziye kwi gqira zenkulungwane lokugqibela. utshintsho Design baba ezincinane, Noko ke, M-61/63 bekukho uhlobo ukumiswa pendulum ehlaziyiweyo, zixhonywe ivili langasemva.

Emva kwemizuzu 66 ukulungisa isicelo kancincane injini labasebenzi iilitha-32. a. Emva koko baye bakhululwa iisampulu unit eyomeleleyo-36. Utshintsho kuyilo injini kunye nezinye iziphuculwa kukhokelele ekuyilweni yokugqibela Soviet "phambene" 8.103-3O brand. Umehluko yayo neyezingaphambili yaba phambi bendiza oluthi uhlobo ngeemoto drive chain. Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukukhumbula inkqubo zeemoto eziphuculweyo kwaye sitshiphu version glubinok kunye needolophana kude.

imodeli ngesithuthuthu New "phambene"

Emva kokuba ngokuwa Union of Soviet Socialist seeRiphablikhi Labantu ngaphantsi ukuthenga izithuthuthu ngokunxulumene nengxaki yezoqoqosho. Abo iindlela zokufumana, bakhetha yemiyinge amazwe. Noko ke, isityalo kwi Irbit akayekanga imveliso, nangona iimveliso yaqaphela mali ubuncinane.

Isityalo eso babucala ngo-1992 yaye igama ku JSC "Uralmoto". Abayili ubuyekeze isityalo bakwazi ukumelana nemeko ebalulekileyo, yaye liphuhlise uluhlu zokuguqulwa ezintsha.

Umzekelo, imifuziselo ezintsha izithuthuthu "phambene" "abakhenkethi" udidi, zaye mayixhotyiswe sokunqika ngefolokhwe kunye nezityalo amandla amatsha (imivimbo emine), nto leyo yaba umthamo 750 "iityhubhu" kunye namandla 45 "amahashe".

Ukuguqulwa phambene Solo - inguqulelo maxesha ye intshukumo ngaphandle trailer icala. Lixhotyiswe ukudluliselwa-speed ezine, isiqalo sombane, ukubuyisela kunye neziqhoboshi disc oluthembekileyo. isixhobo Speed umda ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezili-130 ngeyure.

Yiyiphi imizekelo isithuthuthu "phambene 'apho kodwa?

Eyona stylish kakhulu kumgca elinikiweyo kugqalwa isithuthuthu "phambene ARVs". Yena enendoda antique kwaye ethandwa nje kuphela kurhwebo lwasekhaya kodwa kwi-UK, kunye ne-USA. iinguqulelo iyaphuhliswa drive lasekunene-lesandla ngenxa kukhubazeko nokulungiswa kwezakhiwo kumazwe imithetho yendlela okhethekileyo.

Kwisityalo IMZ ngo-2014 lasungula omnye maxesha, iza kutshintsha iimpawu zonke iimodeli zemveliso. Iinkcukacha abe processing enkulu, kwakunye ekomelezeni izinto component, ukusukela emqukumbelweni igobhogobho, ephelisa inkqubo powertrain kunye nepetroli. ezi ezintsha zingahlukaniswa phakathi ezintsha:

• imbonakalo ye-elekhtrons electronic;
• ifakwe disc iziqhoboshi kuzo zonke amavili;
• ufakelo lokuqondisa osisidambisi hydraulic;
• sebenzisa kwi lilungiselelo izixhobo ezijongeneyo.

Ukuhambelana uphuhliso Soviet kunye ubugcisa bale mihla wenza kube lula ukuzisa izithuthuthu "phambene" (iifoto zonke imifuziselo thaca kweli nqaku) kubunjani-class ehlabathini. Impumelelo bathi amanani yokwenene, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba bangaphezu kwama-90 ekhulwini izixhobo eziveliswa kule ngumvelisi kwamanye amazwe.

iimpawu

Phakathi Imifuziselo kumazwe angaphandle kunye novavanyo izithuthuthu "phambene", umntu ukuchonga Kwiimeko ezinjalo:

1. "Phambene-T" - analog mihla ukuguqulwa yokuqala yokuba iimpawu ezihlaziyiweyo.
2. "WoKhanketho" - Umahluko swi intshukumo iintlobo ngeentlobo zomhlaba, kunye kungenzeka kokuxhuma iinqwelwana ecaleni.
3. ukwahluka Military phambene Gear Phezulu, mayixhotyiswe indawo ukufaka i uqoqo umatshini-umpu, bumper tube, kwandise isibane kwaye umbala ahambelanayo.

Ukongeza, IMZ langoku uhlelo iinketho biker "Cross" yaye "I Wolf", baxhotyiswa anemvakalozwi chrome, kwakunye ATVs "Mbaleki", "Hamba", "Yamal".

Ukugqitywa lokubuyekeza

Basekhaya isithuthuthu "phambene", imbali obonisa ngazo ngasentla, waba lamandulo motostroyeniya lokwenyaniso. Nokuba ebudeni beminyaka yemfazwe (1941-1945) oko kwakuthetha ukuba umkhosi. Kamva, kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwale ngesithuthuthu enzima azipase kwinqanaba yoluntu.

zemishini waba zithandwa ingakumbi ezilalini, kuba ibe kukugcina elungileyo uphume. Yonke imizekelo izithuthuthu "phambene" kunye ngohlangothi mihla, kunye uhlobo olwahluke, ndazifumanela parameters zokuqhuba entsha ngokupheleleyo, ebezifunwa hayi kuphela republic post-eSoviet, kodwa phesheya. mboniso zabo inokubonwa kwi Irbit State Museum of izithuthuthu.