Iindlela zophando lwezenhlalo

eyimpumelelo - inkqubo yokufundisa, iinkqubo methodological, sombutho kunye nobugcisa, leyo Simanywe injongo omnye: ukufumana injongo iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo malunga into ethile kwezentlalo. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngakumbi usebenzisa iindlela zophando lwezenhlalo. Bona izixhobo ezithile, iindlela, iindlela kunye nezixhobo.

Iindlela zophando lwezenhlalo

· Jikelele zenzululwazi iindlela kwingqiqo . Kuyinto axiomatic, idiographic, lokuthelekisa-zembali iindlela, indlela hypothesis, uhlalutyo, ngumzekelo, idealization, imali ebanjwayo, induction, ukuthwala, Isifaniso, njl

· Iindlela yeengcingane paragidmalnogo yokwakha ubuntu. Le ndlela Durkheim, indlela noBourdieu kaThixo, indlela Bacon, indlela Descartes ', njl

· Isixhobo loLawulo- ukufunda iziganeko zentlalo. Olu phando, amaqela ekugxilwe, indlela zomntu, umzekelo iinkqubo zentlalo, uhlalutyo iinkqubo zentlalo kunye nothungelwano lwentlalo, njl

· Instrumental iindlela kule nkqubo, njengoko ukuqokelelwa kwedatha enokwehla. Olu phando, uhlalutyo amaxwebhu, udliwano-ndlebe, ngokuqaphela, njl

· Ezahlukileyo iindlela ukuqokelelwa kwedatha, kuquka iindlela yomlinganiselo. Thurstone isikali, isikali kovavanyo iyonke, indlela uthelekiso bafundelane ngezibini, incwadana etywiniweyo, ubuchule projective, njl Ezi ndlela okufanayo malunga zihlelwe uhlalutyo kwengqondo.

· Iintlobo analysis data. Oku, umzekelo, uhlalutyo typological, uhlalutyo factor, uhlalutyo kobude.

· Iindlela kumhla Mathematical, kuquka neendlela uhlalutyo lweenkcukacha (uhlalutyo cluster, uhlalutyo discriminant, esichazayo statistics), manani yeengcinga kunye ngumzekelo nakwimathematika.

· Iindlela zokuhlalutya ulwazi kwisicatshulwa. Olu hlahlelo incoko, uhlalutyo lomxholo, uhlalutyo emide, uhlalutyo ntshumayelo, njl

yenze uphando yokuhlalisana zikhethwa kuxhomekeke kwisiqulatho ingxaki wafundela. Ngokomzekelo, xa izifundo enokwehla, ezo zisekelwe imfuno elikhulu, kuya kuthatha uhlalutyo lolwazi lemibuzo, kwakunye ndlela zilandelayo: uyilo isampulu, ukuqokelelwa kwedatha enokwehla, calculus multivariate, amanani diskriptivnoy, uvavanyo hypothesis manani. yenze uphando yokuhlalisana kufuneka zikhethwe ngononophelo. Loo nkqubo ekuqondeni ukufaneleka kunye nokunye iindlela. Ukuze ukufunda inokuthenjwa, nto idla ngokusetyenziswa inkqubo metodnoy triangulation, nto leyo iquka ukusetyenziswa iindlela ezininzi ngaxeshanye ukuba wafundela abanawo.

Isakhiwo Inkqubo yophando lwezenhlalo

Uphando olwenziwe nakweyiphi na i ariya akukho mntu ngaphambili ekwakucingwa-out isicwangciso kwaye ubume bayo. Izigaba eziphambili zophando lwezenhlalo ingashwankathelwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo:

1. Amalungiselelo isifundo: ukuyila isicwangciso, uphuhliso izixhobo (umz interview imibuzo, imibuzo).

2. Ukuqokelelwa data zamabanga aphantsi (udliwano-ndlebe, iikhweshine).

3. Ukunenzela idatha eyafunyanwa.

4. Uhlalutyo iinkcukacha eshwankathela iziphumo zophando.

Ukuba sinikele ingqalelo into yokuba zonke izigaba uphando lwezenhlalo kukho isakhiwo apho zonke izinto ezihambelanayo ngokusondeleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba asikwazi ukuqhubeka kwinyathelo elilandelayo, ukuba inyathelo oludlulileyo abunjwe kakubi, hayi ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye sonke ngoba data afunyenwe inyathelo elinye sisiseko ngoba izigaba elandelayo. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kulungiselelo eqongeni, njengoko ngendlela isifundo lonke, ukuchaneka kwedatha iya kuxhomekeka ziya Bacinge.