Iindlela senkolelo: inkcazelo emfutshane

Nasiphi na isifundo zesayensi icebisa Ukudalwa kobume ehlanganisiweyo zengqondo oqhagamshelwano phakathi, iingcamango kunye izibakala. Umahluko esisiseko kolwazi lwenzululwazi ukusuka imihla i kufuneka Kufuneka kumemelelwe ukuba kwenziwe uphononongo ebalulekileyo kuzo zonke izimvo ecetywayo kunye nobungqina, kwakunye ukusukela olunemboniselo injongo kunye indlela engqongqo, nendlela ukuqinisekisa izibakala bakufumana, kunye nolwazi. Kukho ngokwamava theoretical component yenze uphando. Kweli nqaku sisebenzisa sihlolisise elidlulileyo. Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba sibuyele luphawu olusisinyanzelo ndlela yenzululwazi.

bemfuno Popper kaThixo

Oku ke kubizwa ngokuba kwingongoma nganye falsifiability yophando theoretical component. Umbhali yengqiqo na bulumko eyaziwayo-kakuhle owayephila British uKarl Popper. iingcinga zakhe kukuba naliphi mbono yesayensi, ukuba ngokwenene ngokuba inzululwazi, kufuneka phantsi yokungqinisisa practical zovavanyo. Umzekelo, uphando lwezenzululwazi-zokufundisa ibandakanya isifundo iinkqubo zengqondo zokufundisa ekubunjweni ubuntu kunye nemithetho kwinjongo yokufunda. Ngenxa yoko, ukususwa kweendlela zemfundo olusebenzayo. Kulo mzekelo le migaqo iya kuboniswa kusetyenziso iziphumo zokwenyani ofakwe ngenxa neendlela zophando.

yenze uphando senkolelo

Nawuphi na umsebenzi, ukuba uthi abe lwenzululwazi kwindalo, kufuneka ibandakanye kuphela iikhrayitheriya yokuvavanywa iingcamango ngokomfuniselo, kodwa lukwayindlela olusebenzayo ukwakhiwa beengcamango kunye ukukhangela izinto ezintsha. Kudala - ukususela kwimihla iinkcuba yamandulo - ukwabelana iindlela kuphando ngokwamava kunye nemiqathango. Inqanaba senkolelo kwinzululwazi yeyona vangama njongo zisenzeka iinkqubo, izenzakalo, regularities kunye noqhagamshelo zangaphakathi ukuba ziyaphunyezwa ngeendlela ezisebenzayo processing data, efunyenwe ngokuqwalasela, uhlolisiso nezinto njalo njalo. Ngoko ke, iindlela zophando sethiyori i uhlobo superstructure phezu enokwehla. ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe zimelwe iifom yenyama ezivakaliswa ulwazi ezithathwe ngqo yinyama yabantu kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa. Igoqo zibakala enokwehla akukho usukelo ngokwayo, kumgomo - a systematization kunye nokwakhiwa ngakumbi lwemithetho, iingcamango, kunye neengcamango malunga ihlabathi. yenze uphando senkolelo - a ucaphulo ubhalo, eyenziwe ngokusekwa yeengcinga yenzululwazi kunye neengcamango ngokwesiseko ulwazi ezikhoyo. Iindlela izifundo yeengcingane aliqela iinketho ezahlukeneyo:

• Ukutsala. Esichaza inkqubo ukukhupha ukusuka iimpawu ezithile isifundo ulwazi lwakhe ukuba olunzulu kuphando icala elithile kuyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba iziphumo yokutsala aba iingqiqo ezifana nombala, ugobile, ubuhle njalo njalo.
• Semthethweni - olu lwazi mapping ifomu nal fanekisela xa nazo ngokohlobo neefomula kunye nemilinganiselo ezinemiqathango.
• Lo mfanekiso. Iluphawu izigqibo ethile ecacileyo malunga ukufana yezinto ezimbini nasiphi na isizathu ngokususela ngubani phakathi kwabo kwezinye iinkalo isici.
• ucikizeko substantive - ukufunda into ngokusebenzisa imifuziselo abstract yaye kamva ukudlulisela ulwazi olufunyenwe kwi original zihlalutywe.
• Ukulinganisa yengqondo - kwi indlela liyafana substantive, kodwa imifanekiso engqondweni ezisetyenziswa apha. Ngaphezu koko akukho kukhethiwe Ukulinganisa computer, esebenzisa inkqubo kwakunye njengebhakana - usebenzisa ifomula kunye nemizobo.
• Idealization - kukudala kwengqiqo ethile izinto musa okunene zikhona, kodwa kufuneka ngere- kuyo. Umzekelo, ibhaluni, yegesi efanelekileyo, i zejometri ngongoma, umgca, njalo-njalo.