Anatomy: plexus empontshwa amasebe awo

Xa imizimba yethu akukho nto eyolukileyo - Mother Nature wamnyamekela kakuhle. Nangona, njengoko kuqatshelwe ngabanye, umzimba ezifana isihlomelo, waye yexabiso elincinane, kwaye kungenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwayo. Kodwa ke umbuzo ngoku ayikho ngaloo nto, kwaye malunga nendima ebalulekileyo eyadlalwa plexus empontshwa, okanye lumbalis plexus. Sijolise Sisihloko luvo neziphelo isinqe kunye yesiqephu asezantsi.

iinkqubo ukudumba kule ndawo zikhatshwa neuralgia, nolwenzelwa kwesiqingatha esezantsi umzimba. Amaninzi ngexesha elinye kukho iintlungu. Ukuze siyiqonde ngokucacileyo indlela iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kufuneka bawuqhele kwendlela ezakhiwe ngayo kweli sebe.

definition

plexus empontshwa yingqokelela iintlobo luvo. Xa nokubunjwa kwayo inxaxheba yokuqala luvo ezintathu lialio. Okunye apha kwakhona ziquka amasebe 12 thoracic kunye 4 isebe le-luvo yomnqonqo. Imicu umsipha ezinkulu zezona kwindawo apho ibekwe khona plexus empontshwa. Anatomy kubandakanya ukufumana amasebe luvo phambi iinkqubo ezinqamlezayo ngayo amalungu omqolo empontshwa.

Ezi luvo banoxanduva iinxalenye ezithile innervation Imisonto kwezihlunu, kuquka isikhumba peritoneum. Ukongeza, ukuba sizibandakanya umphezulu eluswini esini yangaphandle, umphezulu medial le lesiquluba, inkalo anteromedial kasikrobana. Iyonke kweli candelo kukho iindidi ezininzi kwalapho:

• iliohypogastric;
• ilioinguinal;
• femoral-mthetho ngokwesondo;
• lateral;
• obturator;
• Femoral.

Cinga ngakumbi kancinci iyintoni kwaye apho ubuxoki. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zonke luvo zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini alinganayo.

Imizwa ezintathu zokuqala

nerve Iliohypogastric le plexus empontshwa akhiwa kwi ubambo ngaphambili 12 kunye namasebe omnye luvo empontshwa. Ukusuka kwawo ke kugqitha esihlunwini psoas, uze kungena ukudibana kumphezulu ngaphambili lumborum quadratus, ukuba oko kufuphi nezintso. luvo engaphezulu ubaleka ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi, ukugcina kwawo emva ngaphambili. Endleleni eya Crest, iliac ligcwele izihlunu ezinqamlezayo esiswini uze ubuxoki phakathi kuyo kunye imicu izihlunu esiswini elibhalwe ngokumileyo lwangaphakathi. Indlela enye sele phakathi izihlunu ezimbini elibhalwe ngokumileyo na.

In deep ring inguinal luvo iliohypogastric kwakhona ingena umsipha elibhalwe ngokumileyo lwangaphakathi kunye imicu ipleyiti iphangalele yangaphandle umsipha elibhalwe ngokumileyo. Emva koko, ukuba amasebe abe waso cutaneous eludongeni esiswini ngaphezu symphysis zikawonke wonke. imisebenzi yayo ziquka innervation okuninzi izihlunu esiswini. Kwakhona yavavanywa luvo eluswini kwi kasikrobana, ezinqeni, udonga akudala esiswini ngaphezu pubis.

Kweliya isebe, oluvela ukusuka phambi ingcambu-luvo, kodwa kancinci koko lwangaphambili, ekuthiwa luvo ilioinguinal, kwakhona zibandakanyiwe plexus empontshwa. Anatomy of namadoda akhe nabafazi ezahlukileyo. A luvo strong sex udlula emjelweni inguinal acazulule ngokwamasebe ezincinane cutaneous kuzo zombini iindawo womlenze kufutshane iiseli zemithambo-luvo scrotal. Last linoxanduva innervation ye eluswini ipipi isingxobo samatyhalarha inxalenye. Abasetyhini kufuneka ekupheleni olufanayo nkqubo luvo lu dityanisiwe amaxolo pubis kunye nemilebe kwiLibia.

Femoral-sex okusaqhubekayo ezininzi psoas wada yahlulwe kwamasebe amabini kunye - ngesondo kunye nomlenze. Ukutyibilika, ebizwa njengoko luvo imbewu yayalela phansi, njengoko intambo spermatic udlula emjelweni inguinal. Xa eyindoda, inxulunyaniswa imisipha, nenoxanduva ekukhuliseni amaqanda, isikhumba isingxobo samatyhalarha, kwakunye iqokobhe inyama kunye ngaphezulu elufeleni verhnemedialnoy indawo hip. Women xa empontshwa plexus sizilungise ngendlela eyahlukileyo - le zemithambo-luvo isibini kunye lungu round isibeleko lomsele inguinal uze emva koko wathunyelwa kumphezulu isikhumba majora kwiLibia.

Isebe lwesibini femoral le ukuvalwa eqhelekileyo zibheke ezantsi kwaye uya kwicala yangaphandle iliac kwemithambo ngoko nangoko ngaphantsi lungu inguinal. Ezantsi luvo yayo ihlukane amasebe ithanga ulusu komhlaba.

Imizwa ezintathu yesibini

Ngezantsi zidweliswe zontathu luvo ukuba amasebe amathathu ezinkulu. Oku lateral, femoral kunye obturator luvo. Uluhlu lokuqala ukwakweli ecaleni lungu inguinal. Kunokuba ibe phezu kobuso okanye ngaphakathi esihlunwini sartorius, lo gama phantsi inwebu esingxotyeni nokuqina. I-luvo unoxanduva nobuntununtunu imiphezulu icala ezimpundu kancinane trochanteric hip bone kwaye kufutshane kumphezulu zisecaleni yifemur.

Ukuqhubeka yezixhobo zecomputer luqokelelane ngqo indlela plexus empontshwa, kuyimfuneko ukuba uye nemithambo obturator. Yena uya lwehle esihlunwini psoas, ngakumbi ngqo, buthelezi yayo kwaye kungena kwindawo zangasese. Kunye inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, kufikwa kunye kunye neempahla kummandla femoral lomsele obturator, ukusukela Intermedia adductors. I-luvo lu dityanisiwe neqela adductors, idolo kunye namalungu hip. Kwakhona nerve innervates ubuso inxalenye phakathi umlenze kufutshane edolweni.

Kuzo zonke isebe femoral le plexus empontshwa yeyona inkulu. Oku kuphuma kumda lweyesihlanu esinqeni vertebra ngegama elinye imicu kwezihlunu. Ukuya ngohlangothi zisecaleni esihlunwini, yaba kukuba ngezantsi phakathi amanye amaqela amabini kwezihlunu: empontshwa kunye iliac, going under iqokobhe lokugqibela.

Ukuba phantsi lungu inguinal, imithambo-luvo plexus empontshwa zahlulwe amasebe ezininzi zinxulunyaniswa ulusu kunye nezihlunu bobuso kasikrobana, kwedolo hip amalungu.

yingxenye yalo lonke

kwalapho empontshwa luvo ziyinxalenye yenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba "empontshwa-sacral plexus." Amasebe empontshwa, sacral, kunye namasebe coccygeal, ihlangene nayo omnye komnye ukuze zenze plexus ephambili ezimbini: empontshwa kunye sacral. Ukususela kwikota yokuqala ngoku ecacileyo, oko kutshintshelwa kwenye nkcazelo.

Xa uyila i plexus sacral (plexus sacralis) ithatha yinxalenye sebe ngaphambili, esiqala empontshwa yesine yesihlanu kuqala yesebe wesithathu sacral kwalapho spinal. Ezingeyomfuneko empontshwa plexus ise isinqe ngqo esiqwini esingxotyeni nokuqina piriformis. It imelwe ngokohlobo ipleyiti engqindilili imilo olunxantathu, njengezona ejongene ngokubhekiselele Subpiriforme noqhoqhoqho.

Isiseko lo nxantathu imalunga iindawo zangasese. Ngelo xesha linye ezinye plexus ibekwe phambi sacrum, kunye nezinye - xa piriformis ngaphambili. Macala onke kokuba singqongwe izihlunu okubi nokuqina. Njengoko kummandla empontshwa, kukho kwakhona umboniso ngoluhlu kwalapho ukuba angaba elifutshane elide.

Mfutshane izanya sacral

Mfutshane luvo sebe amele ezi zilandelayo:

• gluteal (eliphezulu kwaye ngaphantsi);
• sex;
• obturator zangaphakathi;
• kwe-emise;
• luvo square ethangeni kwezihlunu.

luvo Gluteal plexus lumbosacral zahlulwe zibe eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Imvelaphi iyabiliswa ne gluteal Umthambo lukhupha kwisisu zangasese nge-nadgrushevidnoe lokuvula. I-luvo lu dityanisiwe izihlunu gluteal ezincinane kunye neziphakathi kunye ezixhumene ukuya lata ifascia. luvo aphantsi kunye kwemithambo abashiya Subpiriforme zangasese ngokusebenzisa mngxuma ize idityaniswe esihlunwini gluteus maximus. Kodwa ngaphandle ukuba edibene philisi welungu kasikrobana.

Kumngxuma efanayo Subpiriforme kwisisu zangasese oshiya luvo pudendal, icala umva bypasses le ischium kwaye uya ngqo fossa ischiorectal. Apha ke yahlulwe amasebe aphantsi efakwa kunye isizalo. Ngaphezu koko, ubuse kuqala ne sphincter lwangaphandle ilindle nendawo ulusu ezimpundu. Ngeli lixa banoxanduva innervation kwemisipha isikhumba perineum kunye isingxobo samatyhalarha umzimba eyindoda. Kancinci ngokwahlukileyo amalungiselelo plexus ababhinqileyo lumbosacral. Anatomy ungachazwa ukuba isebe isizalo enxulumene majora kwiLibia.

izanya Long sacral

yesebe Long kubandakanya:

• ngomva luvo cutaneous;
• luvo sciatic.

Ngomva luvo cutaneous isiphelo ushiya isinqe yi Subpiriforme umngxuma, phantsi kufuphi luvo sciatic. Ngomva luvo femoral cutaneous kufuphi ungqameko olungezantsi maximus gluteus wohlulwe le gluteal aphantsi kunye namasebe luvo isizalo. Isebe esezantsi innervates le ezinqeni ulusu kumphezulu asezantsi.

Ngomva yesebe femoral cutaneous udlula emseleni Intermedia semitendinosus kunye izo- kwezihlunu femoral. selithe okugcwele lata ifascia yaze yahlulwa-hlulwa ezincinane ngaphakathi womlenze, ukufikelela fossa popliteal.

Sciatic luvo isiphelo, yinxalenye plexus sacral kwaye empontshwa, lelona sebe likhulu umzimba womntu kwaye kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa imingxuma Subpiriforme luvo lukhupha isinqe, kunye nezinye luvo (ezinqeni asezantsi, ngesondo, ngomva cutaneous femoral) kunye Umthambo sciatic, uyalele phantsi. Phantse ngokuhambelana ndidandatheke diamond ezimile emva kwedolo, yahlulelwe kwii kwamasebe amabini: lesiquluba kunye lesiquluba ngokubanzi.

isebe tibial

Bulawulwa ngendlela nkqo uyehla ngayo ijelo soleus golenopodkolennogo. Kuyo ubude bawo luvo ihlukane amasebe amaninzi. Ezinye zazo ezifanelekileyo ithole imisipha ezintathu-anebala, omnye mayibhekiswe flexor elide imicu kwezihlunu iminwe kunye toe enkulu. Kukho abo ezinento yokwenza ezantsi kunye nomlenze kwizihlunu.

Isiphelo kakhulu ethe zibandakanyiwe plexus sacral kunye empontshwa, onxulumene philisi welungu idolo, inwebu interosseous yomlenze, iqatha, ithambo esezantsi shin. Isebe inkulu isebe tibial ezibuthathaka ke luvo medial cutaneous of caviar. Isuka evela kuloo sebe waza wathumela phantsi komhlaba kolusu zimanyene kunye luvo caviar cutaneous, nto leyo ivela luvo eqhelekileyo peroneal.

Isiphumo ngokudibana kwiitheminali mibini lokusekwa luvo sural. Waqala wabamba icala amaqatha aze abaleke ecaleni eludinini osecaleni yonyawo. Kweli nqanaba wayesele ngokuba luvo cutaneous amanakani osisi linoxanduva innervation ulusu kule mimandla.

Total yesebe peroneal

Lenza kancane entanyeni lesiquluba kuloo ndawo apho fossa popliteal. Ukuqhubeka kunye plexus empontshwa kunye amasebe awo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba eli xesha yokugqibela yahlulwe kwamasebe amabini aphambili:

• phezulu;
• nzulu.

Umphezulu luvo ezantsi. Yena unoxanduva innervation kwemisipha peroneal elifutshane elide. Emva kokushiya le vidiyo, luvo uya kwicala elingasemva yonyawo, apho ihlukane ukuvalwa ulusu diff medial kunye neziphakathi.

Le izinto luvo medial ulusu ezibuthathaka umva icala unyawo kufuphi emphethweni yayo ecaleni, kunye kwicala emva ulusu-2 no-3 neminwe. Kuba innervation cutaneous imiphezulu icala diff 3, 4 no-5 ekwafanekisa iminwe eziphakathi luvo cutaneous nesiphelo.

nerve Deep engena phambi ukuvulwa intermuscular ekudibaneni lesiquluba ekhatshwa yi kwemithambo homonymous nemikhanzi phantsi. nerve iyahlula kwinqanaba le umzantsi womlenze ukuba neziphelo ezimbalwa ukuqhagamshela umsipha tibialis cipande kunye nezihlunu elide iinzwane. Phantse kwi umda umsantsa intertarsal luvo yokuqala esebenzayo rearmost iye amasebe amabini innervate ulusu komhlaba ngomnwe 1 no-2.

iimeko yezifo

Enye izifo ezininzi eqhelekileyo woyisiwe plexus lumbosacral, nto leyo lu dityanisiwe ngozipho okanye ulwaphulo lwe-luvo sciatic. Kulo mzekelo, i-luvo inkulu into zixinaniswe, ebangela unyawo intlungu olomeleleyo. Phantse ngaso ngezifo kwenzeka kuphela kwicala elinye, yaye kunqabile ukuba kwenzeka ngendlela macala mabini. Isiqingatha eyindoda loluntu apho umsebenzi sinxulumene umsebenzi onzima ngokomzimba, kwindawo emngciphekweni omkhulu.

Xa amayeza, esi sifo ubizwa ngokuba sciatica, ngexesha uxilongo zingahlulwa njengoko sciatica , okanye sciatica. Eli gama livela kwigama lesiGrike «ishia», gama elo elithetha "isihlalo." I-luvo sciatic in Latin ibizwa njalo - nervus ishiadicus.

symptomatology

Uphawu ephambili olwalatha soyisa plexus empontshwa ke ezimpundu intlungu eyomeleleyo kunye neentungo, apho kwenzeka obubonakala ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa le buhlungu kangangokuba umntu ulahlekelwa sezingqondweni. Kwezinye iimeko, le neentlungu kutshisa, ukuhlatywa okanye ukugawula indalo. Kwakhona iimpawu kunokwenzeka:

• Okutshiwo tye akukwazeki ukuba bathembele umlenze owenzakeleyo kwaye manga kufuneka kufuna kahle.
• Iintlungu iza kakhulu ebusuku, ingakumbi emva kokuba ukusebenza ngeentsuku ezibandayo.
• Kwezinye iimeko, le ngezifo kuqala ukubonakala kwicala elingasemva womlenze, uze emva koko uza komlenze ngonyawo.
• Ukuba elide ukuba kwindawo enye (elele, ehleli), kuyanda iintlungu, kuba kwakhona kwabonakala ukuhamba elide.
• Nokuthimla, ukukhohlela, behleka, kakhulu, musani ukubacaphukisa iintlungu.
• Emva kokufumana amalungiselelo afanelekileyo okanye emva ukuncipha nokuhlaselwa intlungu eyintsalela likayise inkciyo.

Kudla pinched lumbosacral plexus umqolo ukuya ilize yaye kungakhokelela ukuphazamiseka iqinelwa kwaye abangele ukubila iinyawo. Unako kwakhona va ukuntlontlozela okanye etshayo uza unyawo kunye umzantsi womlenze. Amaninzi ngexesha elinye ngenxa edolweni sifo ayikhankanyi ukuba begoba. Kunjalo enokuthethwa iinzwane neenyawo, ongenakutshitshiswa bani uphendule.

ekuxilongweni

Ukumisela umonakalo luvo sciatic kuya kunceda umfanekiso ocacileyo lwezonyango, nto leyo ichaza isigulana kwindawo yolwamkelo kwi ugqirha. Naluphi na ingcali uzakuqhaphela ukuba uhlobo ekutshintsheni ikhaliphe imicu, kunye novakalelo kwicala apho isigulane isikhalo. Ngamanye amaxesha, le yoviwo yokuqala awukuvumeli ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo kwavela. Kulo mzekelo, izifundo ezongezelelweyo ezifunekayo, kuzo:

• -X-reyi;
• Itomography ngekhompyutha;
• MRI;
• ultrasound;
• radioisotope scan yomqolo.

Ngenxa CT, nto leyo eneenkcukacha ngakumbi indlela X-ray, nkqu utshintsho engephi umnqonqo ukuba andibhaqwa.

Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, xa le sifundo contraindicated, ugqirha umisela MRI le plexus lumbosacral.

unyango

Ukuze bahlukane ngezifo wabhenela ukuya kwenye unyango ezimbini - amasiko okanye operative. Kodwa njalo nge indlela yokuqala, nto leyo ibandakanya uluhlu lweziganeko ezahlukeneyo. Xa sciatica etsolo ekucetyiswa alale phezu umatrasi eziqinisekisayo ubuncinane umsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokudla. Kufuneka usebenzise lifudumele, hayi okuneziqholo, hayi etshaya kwaye eqhotsiweyo, ukutya becala ulwelo (inyama isuphu yemifuno kwakunye ipapa ubisi).

Unyango lwamayeza luquka ukuthatha imithi echazwe ngugqirha wakho. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba intlungu iqala ukuphelisa, i-gymnastics yokwelapha iboniswa. Zonke izinto ezikhethiweyo zikhethwe ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yesifo.