Iimodeli zoPhuhliso loQoqosho

Ingcamango yokukhula kwezoqoqosho ibonakaliswe ngcaciso yayo eyintloko, ngokubhekiselele ekukhuleni koqoqosho kubonwa njengokuba utshintsho olulinganisiweyo nolungqinelanayo kwimveliso yentlalo ngexesha elithile.

Iingcamango zaseRashiya zokukhula kwezoqoqosho ekuphuhliseni kwayo ngokubanzi zilandele i-postulates kwaye zikhokelwa yimpumelelo yesikolo saseMarxist. Phakathi kwekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo esi sikolo siphumelele iziphumo zenzululwazi ezibalulekileyo. Iingcamango zeMarxist yokukhula koqoqosho zisekelwe kumalungiselelo amabini aphezulu: ubudlelwane phakathi kwamazinga okukhula koqoqosho kunye nokuqokelela kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwempembelelo ekukhuleni koqoqosho kwipropati kawonkewonke.

Iingcamango zaseNtshona zokukhula koqoqosho ziye zazama ukubonakalisa ukuhlukahluka kunye nophuhliso oluninzi lwezoqoqosho, ukubeka phambili iingcamango ezinomdla kunye neengcinga.

Oqoqosho beNtshona Koloni baye bayeka ukuhlalutya ngokukhawuleza imizekelo yokukhula koqoqosho kwaye bajolise ingqalelo kwiimodeli zokukhula kwexesha elide. Ukongezelela, izazinzulu zatshintshela ingqalelo ekuchazeni izinto zokukhula ukumela inkqubo yokukhula ngokuchanekileyo ngokulinganayo kunye namanani athile.

Phantse phakathi kwekhulu leminyaka yabonakala ezinjalo zokukhula koqoqosho , ezibonakaliswa ngamehlo okubonakalisa ukukhula koqoqosho ngokwemathematika ukuze kuhlolwe ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukukhethwa kwendawo efunwayo.

Isikhokelo esinjalo se-neoclassical sisebenzisa isixhobo sohlalutyo oluqhelekileyo kuzo zonke iimodeli ngokwemigangatho emininzi njengomsebenzi wokuvelisa.

Imisebenzi yokuvelisa engasetyenziselwa ekwakheni imodeli yokukhula koqoqosho ixhomekeke kwimisebenzi ebini ejongene nokuxhomekeka kwemilinganiselo yemveliso kuphela kwimibandela yabasebenzi kunye neenkunzi. Ngelo xesha, le ngcamango iyabonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwiimpembelelo kwezinye izinto.

Ngethuba lokuqala elo hlobo lwakhiwo lwezinto ezimbini lusetyenziswa ngabaososayensi baseMelika kwishishini lokuvelisa. Abaphuhlisi beengcamango babezibalo zeemathematika C. uCobb kunye noqoqosho uP. Douglas. Emva koko, umsebenzi wokuveliswa kweCobb-Douglas waqala ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabazinzulu bezityalo ukuba bahlakulele imodeli yabo yokukhula, ngokuqwalasela inani elikhulayo lemveliso.

Ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-50 yenziwa ngempumelelo ngumboni waseMelika uRolow, owathi waqala enye yeemvavanyo zokuqala ukufunda ukuxhomekeka komthamo wemveliso kwimeko yenkqubela yezobugcisa. Ezi zilandelayo zingabalwa ngokwahlukileyo kwiimodeli ezahlukeneyo zokukhula koqoqosho: nokuba yinto ebonakalayo okanye njengento engapheliyo.

R.Solow wasebenzisa izilinganiso eziliqela ukuchaza isimo se-macroeconomic system. Imisebenzi yakhe idale amathuba amatsha okuhlalutya iinkqubo ze-macroeconomic kunye nokuphuhlisa imizekelo emitsha yokukhula yale hlobo. Ngokubanzi, imizekelo ye-neoclassical, exhaswa yi-apparatus imisebenzi yemveliso, ichane iimpawu ezithintekayo eziqwalaselwe xa zihlola impembelelo yemveliso kwizinga lokukhula kwezoqoqosho.

I-Neoclassics iqhubela phambili ekubeni ixabiso lentengiso libonelela ngokulinganisela kokubonelela kunye nokufuna ukutyalomali, izibonelelo, ukugcinwa kunye nezinye izinto. Ngokungafani nabo, i- Neo-Keynesiya iphuma kwisiseko esichaseneyo, ngokuqwalasela ukukhula koqoqosho njengento engaqinisekiyo. Le mizekelo iquka imizekelo ye E. E. Domar, N. Kaldor, R. Harrod, E. Hansen nabanye.

Amanqanaba okukhula koqoqosho ngokwe-sociologist waseMelika uWo Rostow anolu hlobo lulandelayo: uluntu lwendabuko, uluntu lwenguqu, ixesha lokuguqulwa kwamashishini, ixesha lexesha eliphakamileyo loluntu.