Kuban River: inkcazelo. Istok, umlomo, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana

Ndingathanda ukunixelela ngale amanzi zendalo ezintle, ngathi umlambo Kuban. Inkcazelo, iifoto kunye nenkcazo eneenkcukacha - oku ulwazi uya kufumana kweli nqaku.

Ubuhle yalo mmandla yaziwa kude ngaphaya eRashiya. Kukho inani enkulu yehlabathi bhanya edumileyo badutyulwa kumaxesha Soviet. Sola komhlaba amahle, apho ibekwe lonke unxweme. Ukuba kwezi ndawo, abantu besehlelwa nokuthula icala amandla ezintle.

indawo okuyo

Emzantsi Russia isasazeka Imilambo yenye imijelo yamanzi inkulu eli lizwe - umlambo Kuban. Kwimephu ningawufumana khona ngokulula. Indawo, kuba ifumaneka kumntla zaseCaucasus Iintaba. Ekubeni aye kummandla Karachay-Cherkessia, umfula ugeleza nje emdeni kwimimandla emithathu: aseStavropol Adygea kunye Krasnodar.

Le ndawo iyonke loo mjelo isitya - phantse 58 000 km². Xa umlambo Kuban (inkcazo bona ngezantsi) ifikelela kunxweme Azov, oko kudala ogudle inkulu eRashiya. indawo wayo bungaphezu kweekhilogram ezingamawaka amane yezikwere.

Kuban ithatha imvelaphi yayo emazantsi eentaba yase Mount Elbrus. Ngaphezu koko, yiyo phantsi iinduli kunye neentili. Kodwa emva km 870 zamanzi ayajika kuLwandle of Azov.

Kuban River incazelo olwandle

Kuban somfula ebanzi, ngokufuthi kunye nemigxobhozo. Kodwa okwangoku ngayo iyodwa kwi ngohlobo lwayo. Inyaniso yokuba kumazantsi ogudle iya nje kuphela Azov, kodwa kuLwandle Black. iziziba ezininzi kunye namachibi, iziqithi, umgxobhozo, nemiqukuqela yamanzi yimimango ngcongolo, iingcongolo kummandla ogudle. Bendawo bazi apho umlambo Kuban, ungasoloko ufumana flora ezizodwa nezilwanyana into emangalisayo.

Kukho ngoku ogudle mihla iwaka embalwa kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, yaba Azov Gulf ngobukhulu. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba amanzi Azov kunye Kuban kule ndawo amathe ngokuthe ukusekwa. Bay, ngokwaso, bomile, ekusekeni ichweba ongekho nzulu. Yaye umlambo Kuban (ngexesha yemephu ibonakala ngokucacileyo) ngaphambili zaqhubeka zingena umsinga wamanzi, leyo kuthiwa Old Kuban. Yaba nguye ababethwala amanzi esityeni Sea Black. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba ukuwa (ukukhusela kwindawo engqongileyo kwizandyondyo) ukuvimbile idreyini. Kwaye ngoku uninzi lamanzi kuphela kuLwandle Azov.

Umthombo lomlambo Kuban: Iimpawu

Kuban waqala 'ubomi "wakhe kuloo ndawo apho idibane kunye imilambo intaba ezimbini - Uchkulan kunye Ullukay. Oku kungasentla kugqalwa ukwandiswa Kuban. Ezihambayo, kubekwe phezu encotsheni Elbrus, uthambise flow meltwater zabo. Ngelo xesha, ukuba inaso isicwangciso esiqinileyo kunye elinzima. Umthombo umlambo Kuban lifumaneka kwintaba ephakame phantse 1400 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo phawu omnye. Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kuye, wahamba igama ukuqukuqela. isandi Modern busekelwe Karachai ulwimi ngokoqobo lithetha "umlambo ophuphumayo."

hydronym

Igama ayikho umlambo Kuban kuphela. Them kuye, kukho malunga nama-300! Amanye amagama endawo yemilambo - Koban, wrasse, Kobhan kunye nabanye. Encwadini yeembali igama yamandulo ZesiGrike kuluhlu njenge Hypanis.

Iimpawu lokuhamba kwamanzi

umdla kakhulu ngokubhekiselele socando Kuban River. Inkcazelo zayo yangoku kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Phezu ubude balo umlambo ithathwa ngokuba iinqanawa, oko kusetyenziswa kakuhle ukulungiselela iinjongo zezolimo. flow High bawe ngaphezulu kwe 1000 m yenza kube lula ukuba alabe libe zayimimandla 4: weentaba, intaba, piedmont nethafa. Ukufika Krasnodar Krai, kufuphi nesixeko Ust-Labinsk, Kuban i wamanzi izikhephe. Eyona ijelo lomlambo, Verbensky Girlie, eliya kungena Gulf of Temryuk. Enye - Cossack uEric ifikelele Akhtanizovskaya ichweba oLwandle Azov. Kule siyakwazi ukubona ukuba lo mlambo Kuban ungowommandla Atlantic Ocean isitya.

Kwimimandla entabeni ephakamileyo esihlambo enzulu emazantsi eweni, kumathambeka. ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe zimelwe sandstones, shale, awo elineeminerali. Wayetshona le esezantsi, iibhanki ephantsi-ukuxoka kunye baqhathe. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho iinduli eliphantsi. Ndongeni ijikajike kusiba ngakumbi Delta, ekusekeni uhlobo "intsimbi yehashe" - namaxhegokazi.

wokungena kwemali

Kuban ngokwaneleyo full-engatshiyo, inani elipheleleyo nemingenela (ezincinane nezinkulu) zifikelela kwisixa esiyi-14 amawaka. Imilambo inkulu ngumsinga ukuya kuyo ikakhulu ukusuka elunxwemeni ekhohlo.

I inkulu kubo:

• esezintabeni. Urup.
• p. Labe - i uviko kakhulu ngokupheleleyo ezantsi emathunjini omhlaba.
• p. White - amanzi nokuqukuqela inamandla, isendleleni seengxangxasi yayo eziliqela.
• p. Pshish kunye Psekups - ezahlukeneyo ngokukhawuleza-ugeleza.
• Olukhohlisayo futhi FC Afips Afipsky.

Ukuya kwiindonga lasekunene Kuban River eyayikufuphi Mara, Krakra, Dzheguta. Ubude iyonke Kuban kunye nemingenela yawo 9500 km.

amanzi kunye nohlobo lokutya

I-avareji flow yonyaka yamanzi Kuban kwi kuLwandle Azov - 14 cu. km. Ukongezelela, i-flow ethwele elwandle ngaphezulu kwama-4 million. Okulahlwayo iityuwa. Izidlo kwi Kuban exutyiweyo - ezininzi, malunga-65%, ikhephu nemvula phezulu, malunga nama-20% livela umkhenkce-15% - i komhlaba.

Stoke lazo. ukusebenza zonyaka. Ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kuzo zonke izalathisi kwamanzi kwahluka kakhulu enye kwenye. Kwakhona Kuban luhlobo of "anomaly". Ngamathuba ezahlukeneyo xesha amanzi omlambo ntli 1.5 ngaphezulu kwe-avareji eqhelekileyo.

Ngexesha ebandayo, Kuban lumiswa, kodwa iqhwa umlambo ezingazinzanga. Yigcine ukususela ngoDisemba ukuya kuMatshi uze uqala icebreaker.

Kuban ichibi

Le ichibi inkulu North Caucasus ukwakweli Kuban River wabiza, ngokulandelelana, i Kuban. Ngaphambili, kude kuyo, apho Tshikskoe, kodwa sagutyungelwa kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo. Ngoku ke ichibi ubonakala kuphela indawo lokuloba.

Kuban budget kwakhona Ingasetyenziswa ukwenza umbane. yayakhelwe 4 mveliso - Kurshavskaya, Barsuchkovsky, Sengileevskaya kunye Zelenchukskaya. Ndawonye, zenza babizwa ngokuba "ndachithelwa Kuban". Lwabe ukwakha aphehla Adygei, kodwa umsebenzi wayeka kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Biota

Le Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana omlambo kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Amanzi kukho ngaphezu kwekhulu iintlobo zeentlanzi. Le iphezulu, zeCARP, Roach, zeCARP, bream, catfish, bullhead, zakhele, rudd kunye nabanye. kunye okuhamba ndifuze iintlanzi emathafeni yendawo lomlambo. Ezinye iintlobo ezikhethekileyo kule mimandla. Kwizidalwa imelwe izilwanyana, ziimpethu, intlanzi kunye nezinye iintlobo.

Xa amanzi amaninzi flow zasemanzini, ezifana idada asendle namarhanisi, nengcwangube, ezinjengookhwalimanzi, weentaka, neentaka ezincinane. izilwanyana Rare ezingabahlaseli ubomi Kuban River wonxweme. ummeli yayo amatshatshazi - Gray Falcon. Kwiindawo ayenamandla umiwe iimpungutye, iikati zasendle, iihagu zasendle, muskrats.

River Delta ngoku indoda encinane amanzi ezolimo. kwakhona inika ithuba lokungenela iintlanzi mtshato. Kwenye yezi aphephe ngokwaneleyo aphuhliswe kakuhle uqoqosho ukufuya mullet.

River ukhenketho phantse asisetyenziswa konke. Ngaphandle kokuba kwiindawo weentaba kudla lwenziwa kwiinqanawa aluminium okanye ngokuqhekeka. Kodwa yokuloba eqhelekileyo macala omabini phantse kuzo zonke iindawo.

izityalo Kuban River zimelwe ezi ndidi zilandelayo: yingcongolo sparganium, sedge, njalo athunyelwa ubukhulu becala kummandla unxweme .. Umphezulu lokuhamba kwamanzi kwezinye iindawo ugcwele neenyibiba, emazantsi uyakwazi ukufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo lisiza. Le mithana ziye zakhula yi 40-50 amawaka eehektare.