Iileta Arabhu: iimpawu zokubhala zabo. Oonobumba Arabic

Ngokwahlukileyo zeentetho ehlabathini, iileta Arabhu zibhalwa "script", odibanisa igama omnye komnye. Akukhathaliseki, okubhaliweyo eyabhalwa ngesandla okanye eprintiweyo. Enye inkalo apho akazange ukukuqhela ukuqalisa ukufunda ulwimi Arabic - ubhala okubhaliweyo ukusuka ekunene ukuya ekhohlo. Makhe sijonge iimpawu zokubhala kunye nokubhalwa oonobumba ulwimi Arabhu.

Imigaqo Jikelele ulwimi Arabic

Kuphela Qur'an, kodwa lwezenzululwazi, abantwana kunye noncwadi emfundo zibhalelwe izikhamiso, kwezinye iimeko, amazwi abhaliweyo ngaphandle izikhamiso. Yiloo nto xa ubhala umbhalo Arabic umbhalo oguqulelwe nezibhaliweyo ukuze libizwe. Phambi kokuba uqale ukubhala ephepheni ibe amagama nezivakalisi baziswa ucule.

Xa ubhala umbhalo kunye izikhamiso ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa Damm, buchori kunye kyasra (iimpawu zezikhamiso), Shaddaa (kabini uphawu) kunye tanvin (kunqabile kakhulu kunye nunation uphawu).

Ngamanye amaxesha ungabona kwi sukun umbhalo (uphawu ukungabikho zezikhamiso) kunye Wasley (ukungabikho glottal uphawu stop) kunye Hamza (yahlula izikhamiso ezimbini ukusuka omnye komnye).

iimpawu Ukuloba

Ukubakho izandi unique (pharyngeal, ngo- phakathi kwamazinyo), nto leyo ndingekho ezininzi iilwimi zaseYurophu, nzima kakhulu lo msebenzi umntu ezama ukuguqulela oonobumba Arabhu ku tumbuluxiwa. Ngapha koko, esi sandi unokuwisa ngeenxa kuphela.

Namhlanje, kukho iindidi ezimbini tumbuluxiwa. Science - kunye indlela echanekileyo, kwaye aluncedo, avumele ezinye ukubonisa ukulibiza oonobumba Arabhu. Translation, hayi kanye mandithi, lo liguqulelwe kwenziwa ngoncedo weempawu Russian kunye oonobumba Latin. Noshicilelo idumileyo, zombini esebenzayo yenzululwazi, sele ziphuhlisiwe kwaye Arabists Krachkovsky Yushmanova.

zamagama

Weza ephuma amaFenike ukuya Arabhu alfabhethi. Oku kuquka kuphela bonke abasebenzi bazo, kodwa imizobo ethile izandi ulwimi. Ezi iileta Arabhu njenge "sa" (efana th ethambileyo interdental IsiNgesi), "ha" (ukukhupha isandi efana eyenza inja ophefumla), "eTsalmona" (isandi esikhenkcezayo ukuba ufumana xa ubeke incam ulwimi phakathi amazinyo athi "sa"), "DAP" (olufumanayo xa athi isandi "e" yaye kwangaxeshanye uthathe ulwimi lwakho emva bemihlathi obusezantsi kancinci) "ukuba" (isandi esigxininiswa njenge 's', kodwa libizwa xa retracting ulwimi kwaye kulula nokususwa kwemihlathi aphantsi), "Gagné" (efanayo isandi ukuba grassiruyuschee isiFrentshi "r").

Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba bonke oonobumba be-alfabhethi Arabhu ezi zandi. umbhalo Special okanye kombhalo-zezikhamiso isetyenziswa ukubonisa izikhamiso, nto leyo imele izandi "yaye", "y" yaye "a".

Kodwa xa uphulaphula intetho zomntu othetha Arabic, emva koko ndeva abanye izikhamiso. Oku kungenxa oomahluko ezahlukeneyo pronunciation ngaphakathi izandi ezingoonombini. Kuxhomekeka lwamaqabane phawu-ucule kusenokubonakala ngathi "e" (kwiimeko ezininzi), kwaye amalungu, izandi ezibini kunye consonants kunye iinzuzo solid "o" -shaped isandi. Nomqondiso "sukun" iye ucaca isandi olomeleleyo "e".

Sign-ucule "yaye" uyakwazi kuguqulwa ube 's "kunye amaqabane nzima, kodwa ucule" y "kunqabile utshintsha isandi yayo enye classic Arabic, kodwa kwezinye iziyelelane bafumana lenguqu ukuya isandi" o ".

Zingaphi oonobumba be-alfabhethi Arabic? Ba 28 yaye zonke ngokungqinelana ne (- "Alif" Okungumahluko unobumba wokuqala alfabhethi). Enye incwadi usoloko asifani isandi nye. Ngokomzekelo, incwadi 'ba "(sesibini kwe kwi alphabet) libizwa njengesandi nzima" b "kwi elithi" imvu ", kodwa ekupheleni izwi ngokothuka (oki Russian libizwa ngokuba" dup ", oku akuyi kwenzeka ngolwimi Arabic).

iimpawu zokubhala

iileta Arabhu kakhulu kunokuba nzima ngencwadi ebhaliweyo, ingakumbi kwabasaqalayo. Hi ndlela leyi, "ligature" lisetyenziswa kuphela yi-Arabhu, kodwa ezinye izizwe zamaTurkic, kwakunye nabantu abathetha Pashto okanye Urdu. esokuba ekunene ukuya ekhohlo yokubhala.

kanye inkqubo yokubhala imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Okokuqala ebhalwe kuloo oonobumba Akuyomfuneko ukuba ndiziqhawule xa ebhala usiba evela iphepha.
2. Okulandelayo, ukongeza iindawo zifakiwe kwi leta kwishedyuli, kodwa uzibhale ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ayisebenzi. Ezi ziquka imigca ngongoma, ngokuthe tye kunye elibhalwe ngokumileyo.
3. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, amalungiselelo noonone.

Ezingeyomfuneko ukubhala unobumba ngamnye kuxhomekeke kwindawo yayo ilizwi. iileta Arabhu basoloko iintlobo ezine ubuso (ozimeleyo, ekuqaleni okanye ekupheleni kwegama, udibaniso). Ngaphandle usebenza iileta 6 kuphela: "Alif", nto leyo lisoloko kubhaliweyo ngokwahlukileyo, yaye "umgama", "eTsalmona", "RA", "Zain" yaye "vav", ezo nto ezinxulumene uphawu ilandelayo emva kwabo.

Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abaninzi baqala ukufunda Arabic, ufunde ilizwi ukuguqulwa. Le mpazamo ephambili. Ukuze ngokuchanekileyo ukubiza amagama Arabic kufuneka uqale nokufunda oonobumba kunye indlela echanileyo yokubiza incwadi nganye. Kuphela ukuba bafunde oonobumba, ungasa kwi yokubiza amagama kulwakhiwo lwezivakalisi.