Imeko Speech kwanangamacandelo alo

Ngayo, sijongene yonke imihla kwaye ngaphezu kanye. Kuyo, siya ukuthatha njengento inxaxheba kwaye ugcine cala. Uyayixokisa bemlalele nathi apha ekhaya, phandle, emsebenzini, ezivenkileni, xa ukuthuthwa ... Ingaba nangoku ndicinge ukuba yintoni okanye ngubani na? No? Ngoko ngamana ngethula: imeko yakhe intetho, nkosi! Kwaye siya kuqala abazana wethu, kakade, kunye imizekelo ecacileyo.

imeko Speech: imizekelo

Khumbula eSoviet ombambazelayo comedy UEldar Ryazanov kaThixo "Ofisi Romance"? Kwenye esisekuqaleni imifanekiso kusinda, diffident eThintelweyo senior Novosel umhlobo ngexesha itheko umhlobo ozama "hit" Umphathi wakhe, "egabadeleyo" yaye "kukutyeba," Kalugin-mymra, kodwa zonke iinzame zakhe. Kutheni? Izizathu zininzi, kodwa enye yazo elula banal:-nxaxheba yencoko nje umbono eyahlukileyo umbuzo othi "yintoni na imeko yokukhuluma." Ngoku, izinto eziza kuqala.

Abathathi imeko yokuthetha xa kusenziwa

Ngenxa yoko, nayiphi na imeko lonxibelelwano intetho obusenzelwa nxaxheba. Ba ezinkulu nezincinane. Kwimeko yethu, Anatoliy Kalugin kunye Novosel Efremovich - ezi-nxaxheba eziphambili, ekuthiwa isithethi nomphulaphuli, okanye lowo uthunyelwe kunye umthumeli. Nakuba ukuxhumana iindima zabo atshintsha rhoqo. Oku okufana ingxoxo, phantsi kwemiqathango - ukuba phikisa kwaye akunakwenzeka - for ubugagu. nxaxheba Minor kwimeko yokuthetha kwaye enze Samohvalov Ryzhov - abahlobo abasenyongweni kunye noogxa Novoseltseva ngubani ziyindlela ukudlala indima ababukeleyo kunye nabacebisi. Kukholelwa ukuba mkhanyo - isikhundla nje. Noko ke, oku akuyonyaniso. Nokuba ngaphandle inxaxheba ngqo kwincoko, loo nto iphembelele indlela yayo, apho sibona kulo mzekelo echazwe.

ubudlelwane

Ngoku ubudlelwane phakathi kwamaqela. Le yenye into ebalulekileyo kwi "imeko intetho kwanangamacandelo alo." Ethetha kubo, okokuqala zonke wayecinga ukuba ezifanelekileyo lokoqobo welizwi, kunye nendima kwezentlalo yesithethi kunye uthunyelwe ezi. Kwimeko langoku, ulwalamano phakathi Kalugin Novoseltsev ichazwa "awongamileyo-ilawulwe". Noko ke, nalapha akukho ukuzinza. konke kuxhomekeke kwiimeko kunye neemeko. Xa indlela esesikweni, emsebenzini, kwi-ofisi, kwiintlanganiso zoshishino kufuneka ahlale isimbo wabethelela-ishishini zonxibelelwano. Kodwa ukuba i "iimeko 'ikhutshelwa kwi-ofisi kanondyebo kwindawo kwikhaya njengesiqhelo - e Samohvalova indlu, kukho utshintsho ndithanda: umculo, netafile festive, iindwendwe ... Ngamafutshane, le meko uba sikweni, ngokulandelelana, indima yentlalo kunye nesimbo zonxibelelwano iguquka.

umbono ngokuchanekileyo le meko

Kodwa "omdala" nzima ukuba uqaphele oku, abasoloko iinzame ethandana nzima gqitha ngabazalwana Novoseltseva, yaye phakathi uvuyo jikelele gqolo ukugcina nethoni loshishino olusemthethweni. Akucaci kunye nenjongo neentlobano ngenkani. Wokuphuthuma kunye nethemba, njengoko injongo ephambili yokumisela unxibelelwano ishishini, akukho ndlela, bathi akukho ngakumbi malunga nantoni na. Noko ke, nibasekele, uneentloni, "eThintelweyo esiphezulu" - nokuba ukususela amava yokoyika, nokuba ukusuka cocktail ezifunyenweyo - sidlula kumqukumbelo oko kuvumelekile. Emva iinzame eziliqela kwiqabane charm ebangela ngomculo wayo, ukufunda imihobe nemidaniso, yaye akazange amkelwa ngenxa, yena ekuhleni, phambi weendwendwe ebizwa Lyudmila Prokofievna "egabadeleyo" yaye "kukutyeba." Icala funny le meko ibonakala. Kodwa ke, ukuze ndithethe, imeko intetho, imizekelo. Oko ikutshoyo?

Ingqiqo "imeko intetho"

Enye amacandelo Ezolimi yi lingvopragmatika. It is a inzululwazi ojongene isifundo ngokoqobo ulwimi, okt. E. Indlela umntu usebenzisa i "igama" ukuphembelela kumamkeli, nokuba ochaphazela iimpawu zentetho kwabantu nokuziphatha kwinkqubo yonxibelelwano. Imeko intetho kule meko kanye loo ngcamango pragmatics neelwimi, ngokusekelwe apho kwenziwa uphando esisiseko. It iqulathe amacandelo ezininzi:-nxaxheba zonxibelelwano, ubudlelwane babo, isihloko konxibelelwano, iimeko zonxibelelwano lwangaphakathi nangaphandle. imeko Speech kwanangamacandelo alo thaca nzulu kulo mzekelo ndawo umboniso wethu, ngokungathi kunjalo, ukuba mayenziwe. Ukuze ufumane ulwazi olungcono malunga theory ingasetyenziswa kule nkqubo ecetywayo N. I. Formanovskoy eya kuthi yongezwe T. A. Ladyzhenskoy. Yintoni imeko intetho kwanangamacandelo alo ngokucacileyo kunokubonwa kulo mzobo ungezantsi.

umthumeli

Ke ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba ukuthetha, ukucinga, imiba ayikwazanga kuvele: umthumeli nola - nalowo uthetha kunye nalowo uyaphulaphula. Ngamanye amazwi, umthumeli umqalisi imeko ilizwi, yinto nxaxheba abakhutheleyo kuyo. Kunokuba ibe zombini ukuthetha nokubhala, kuxhomekeke kuthethwa ngayo yaye oko kwifomu - ebhaliweyo okanye yomlomo (yesithandathu kwi "imeko intetho" itheyibhile). Umphathi wesekethe, njengokuba ubona, ilula. Kukholelwa ukuba indima umthumeli rhoqo tactically luncedo, kuba uzicacisa umxholo, imvakalozwi nesantya wonxibelelwano. Yena "umlawuli" ngenyathelo, yaye ngoko ke, amalungelo awodwa; eqondisa incoko kwakhona yaye, ngokunjalo, ukuze ulungise amaxesha ayo.

umthumeli

Noko ke, njengoko bathi, yonke into kweli hlabathi ngokugqibeleleyo ehlobene ngexesha elifanayo. Ngoko ke, indima umamkeli kwi euvathano - akusoloko isikhundla nje. Ebudeni incoko, umphulaphuli owenza inani lwemisebenzi rechemyslitelnyh eziyimfuneko ezifana:

• Lawula umthamo oko ingxelo,
• ukuqonda kolawulo,
• gabalala,
• definition imibono,
• hlengiso izikhundla.

Zonke ezi ngongoma zingentla yazalisekiswa mazwi ezifunekayo izidubuli: "Enkosi ulwazi," "Kakade", "Ngamanye amazwi, ngaba ucinga ukuba ..." "Ukuba uyaqonda kakuhle ...". Hi ndlela leyi, zonke imeko intetho, ingaba umhlobo, ebulisa, siyavuyisana, kukho iseti ethile zemihlathi ezinzileyo kunye nembonakalo - ". Formula imeko intetho i" ekuthiwa- Ngezi clichés umamkeli singathatha inyathelo baze baqhubeke ukwenza kwasekuqaleni nendima kwisithethi.

Le yezentlalo yobudlelwane

Akwenzeki ukuba ukukhanyela okanye lula ukubaluleka indima zentlalo communicants. Makhe sithi umama, ukuba nje incoko efudumeleyo nentombi yakhe sakusasa, emva kweyure, isikolo lisebenza notitshala womntwana wakho. Ubuhlobo tshintsha. Kwimeko enye, benza njenge "umzali nomntwana 'nangenye -" umfundisi-umfundi ". Ngako oko, le meko intetho, intetho kunye nendima ziya kwahluka ngokupheleleyo. Nabani na akaqondi okanye ukubona umahluko hayi, musa ukulawula imeko, wena unyashiweyo iingxaki kunqandwa.

iindima zentlalo ingamiselwa okanye umahluko. Iqela lokuqala zezo zigqitywa inxaxheba kunxibelelwano isini, ubudala, amaqhina eentsapho , njalo-njalo. Nakowesibini, iindima alternating ziquka ezo ezichaza imeko yentlalo kunye nobume wezentlalo owenziwayo communicant ngexesha lonxibelelwano malunga enye,. "Umfundisi - umfundi", "Intloko-khoboka", "umzali nomntwana" njalo njalo D. Ezi zikhombisi ye zentlalo isimo yinkonzo kunye nezentlalo iwonga, impumelelo, nempumelelo.

iimeko yangaphandle zokunxibelelana

iimeko zangaphandle unxibelelwano ziquka ixesha kunye nendawo zonxibelelwano. Ngomhla umbuzo ibalulekile nokuba kwaye abadlala indima kwinkqubo yonxibelelwano, ungasebenzisa njengomzekelo njengoko kanje kumdlalo bemidlalo. Indawo isenzo, ixesha, ukukhanyisa, inkcazo ingaphakathi endalweni kokusingqongileyo - konke oko kukuthi "lwangaphandle" kubonakale kwindlela 'ngaphakathi' - ngamazwi onke, bayancwina, ibinzana.

Kuxhomekeka inxaxheba kwizinto isithuba-ixesha ukwahlula iimeko intetho canon and non-canon (kwi "Russian" nkqu abantwana babhale izincoko kwisihloko). Iincwadi - xa addresser kunye uthunyelwe ezi ibekwe kwisayithi enye okanye, ubuncinane, bona omnye, abe eqhelekileyo intsimi udidi lwembono, yaye ngoxa nangokuvakalisa lizwi linye ingqamana kwimbono bokuphulaphula yakhe. Ngamanye amazwi, yonke imeko intetho nxaxheba sele intsebenziswano ngqo. Njengoko le yesibini khetho, apha sibona ukusilela ingundoqo ukuthobela zonke ezi meko: uququzelelo of "Mna-ke-aph le-ee ngoku" hayi.

iimeko zangaphakathi

Iintshukumisa nosukelo nayo Into ebalulekileyo ingqiqo ka "imeko intetho." Kutheni sithetha ngayo? Into enithetha ngokuvakalayo le okanye elo binzana? Yintoni injongo yabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba ukunxibelelana? Injongo - i ngomsonto ongabonakaliyo ukudibanisa phakathi kwesithethi nomphulaphuli. Cha - waphula uqhagamshelwano, kunye nemeko yokuthetha angaphindi abekho. Yintoni, ke, kunokuba kube yeyona nto kujoliswe kuyo ngomsonto obhityileyo logama nje awukwazi shwaka? Eyokuqala - ngumnqweno ukwazisa, ndithi, ukuchaza, ukunika uluvo malunga nantoni na. Okwesibini - declension, ukuphulaphula ukukholelwa nantoni na ngokusebenzisa ubungqina kunye neengxoxo. Eyesithathu - icebiso, ukutshintsha imeko emphefumlweni le iqabane. Apha, le khosi isibheno kungekuphela sizathu, kodwa iimvakalelo interlocutor. iindlela Used yokuchatshazelwa ngokweemvakalelo. Okwesine - ezixhasayo ukwenza. Kulo mzekelo, impendulo oyifunayo - isenzo ngqo. Kwaye lokugqibela - nokugcina kwintembeko iimvakalelo, umnqweno wokukholisa wena kunye neqabane lakho yi inkqubo yonxibelelwano.

Ngokomzekelo, ibinzana elithi: "Ndiya kuba intlanganiso ebalulekileyo ishishini." Ingasetyenziswa ngeenjongo ukwaliwa. Ngaba ukhe ucinge isiganeko esikhulu, yaye awukwazi ukwamkela isimemo nabahlobo ukuya movie, "Mna intlanganiso ebalulekileyo ishishini" (ngoko andinako ukuhamba nawe). Okunye imeko intetho - ukuba emva kwexesha ukuba umhlobo engama osenyongweni, enye injongo - uxolo: "Mna intlanganiso ebalulekileyo ishishini" (oko andinako miss). Ngokutsho loo ngxelo, kwaye kukhuthaza oogxa, ukubanceda ukufumana izinto emhlabeni, ke injongo entsha - ukuba sithembele: "Mna intlanganiso ebalulekileyo ishishini" (abalingane isithembiso thina iiprojekthi ezintsha, iimbono ezintsha). Njengoko kubonakala kule mizekelo, isigwebo efanayo linokuvakala kwaye uzive ezahlukeneyo. Konke kuxhomekeke meko kunye intetho ezintle yesithethi, abazi okanye zingqondweni.