Igor Grabar, ekupeyinteni "icoleke" - enye eyona landscape umzobo Russian

ESoviet Union, wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba ngubani Igor Grabar. Ukupeyinta «I-Matshi Snow" oyiqhelile- kwiincwadi. Russian Outstanding artist, edumileyo umhlaziyi kunye nebhaso art abanetalente ukuba ngodaba volume-ezimbini Ile Repine Stalin Prize, Igor Emmanuilovich wayethandwa ezininzi ezizodwa kakhulu namathafa ezintle zendalo Russian.

igcisa Russian, izalelwe emzini

Uyise waba lilungu lePalamente Austrian, ngoko ke imvumi elizayo brilliant zendalo Russian Grabar (umfanekiso "I-Februwari Azure" - bungqina bha) wazalelwa e Budapest. Yena wabhaptizwa Orthodox, owayemele wakhe ngumalume waloo edumileyo igcisa Russian Kustodiev, kamva ababeza ukubhala lo mfanekiso odumileyo Igorya Emmanuilovicha. Ngowe-1880 Olga Grabar uzisa unyana wakhe eRashiya. kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, waya kwiphondo Yegorievsk Ryazan. Okulandelayo yaba imbasa yegolide uqeqesho kwi-Moscow Lyceum Tsesarevicha Nikolaya (1889), Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, wabuphelisa ngo-1893, kwaye ukhetho lweshishini iphambili ebomini bakhe. I. E. Grabar, ogama picture "iintsika" (1901) bathi ngaye nje iinkosi zinetalente original, lokuba igcisa. Ngemihla ubomi St. Petersburg, waya studio ka Ili Repina, owaba isithixo kwakhe, kunye Andrei Rublev. Nayo ngexesha elifanayo Russian Imperial Academy of Arts wafunda Malyavin, Bilibin, Somov.

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Ngowe-1895, igcisa waya eItali emva koko eYurophu. In Russia Grabar wabuya ngo-1901, kwaye ubuhle bendalo Russian ivulwe phambi kwakhe ukukhanya entsha. Ngenxa lomculi yayo kukothuka ezama ukudlulisela imizobo ezimbalwa - "White Winter", "" Matshi Snow ".

"Februwari Azure"

Umcimbi lo ngelaphu apho ngo-1904 wabhala Igor Grabar - ". Februwari lesafire" Umfanekiso uzele a izibongo okhethekileyo, lowo izandi kule ndinyana yi Boris Pasternak "ngoFebruwari. Fumana inki nilile! Bhala oko, sob. " Kwaye Grabar wabhala ukupeyinta yakhe ngogonyamelo kakhulu. Esi sesinye ngemizobo yakhe ezaziwa kakhulu, oko - omnye wabo mizobo ukuba ukudala umbhali kwakhe igama lakhe. Le artist wayeyoliswa kakhulu lo msebenzi, nto leyo ubonisa, imini yasebusika libalele, nkqu namadlelo. Le avuya lo mfanekiso, sele waziva umpefumlo omncinane kwehlobo.

Yena zipeyintwe wobugcisa yakhe wegcisa Dugino. Ukudlulisela nomgama imithi elundini, kwaye omkhulu ubunzima umoya phezu izulu Azure, Grabar khetha engile ngokungathi kancinane ngezantsi, apho wenza umsele kwi kwikhephu, waza wambeka khona ngoM. Le artist Ndandicinga ukuba xa uza kudlula ubuncinane inxalenye ubuhle ukuba ubona, ufumane ngelaphu enkulu.

-ngenxa womzobo wahlukile. Imithi kwabonakala zingqungqa isangqa abagxile ezinde umthi artist oyithandayo. ubukhulu picture - 104 cm ubude kwaye 80 cm ububanzi. Kwaba njalo kuhle ukuba nangoko yazuza iBhunga Tretyakov Gallery. Lo msebenzi, kwaye le mini enye ngemisebenzi yayo engundoqo. Kusenokwenzeka kongezelelwa ukuba web uphakathi imifanekiso ikhulu ilungileyo ehlabathini.

Winter, ilanga, ezinde, iqabaka ...

Enye wobugcisa ukuba wadala Grabar - "nemvano", umfanekiso ngo-1905. Ukuba uthe wabhala oku yedwa, kwakhona ibiya kude baye bahlala kwimemori izizukulwana zexa elizayo, yaye iincwadi ukupeyinta. Le yenye Imizobo ezinqabileyo, nto leyo angazishiyi nabani akanankathalo. It ibhiyozela ubuhle nezinto ezahlukileyo yemvelo engafani Russia kunye ngokwayo ibonisa ukuba umzobo olukhulu Russian.

Kakhulu omthandayo ukuzoba Grabar ebusika, ingakumbi ikhephu. Wayekholelwa ukuba ukuphuma landscape yasebusika eninzi alahlekelwe. Xa emehlweni imithi alekwe iqabaka, phantse lonke, yaye zonke kukho uthelekiso kunye tale: "Yonke imithi iqabaka, nanjengesilivere, njenge tale ezimangalisayo ngoku eyadini ..." Kwaye wonke umntu uyayazi imibongo Esenin of ezinde zesilivere. Bonke ubuhle le kwizimanga zendalo, kubhiyozelwa inqwaba neembongi ezigqwesileyo, lubonakala ngale mveliso hlawuleka. Grabar, umfanekiso leyo abazahluleleyo iqabaka nobusika epeyintwe ukuba "ubomi Omangalisayo likhanya." Wayekholelwa ukuba indalo kukho bambalwa kakhulu yemizuzwana polyphonic njengeqabaka ilanga, kwaye zezomzuzwana kakhulu. Izibane utshintsho lonke ixesha, ngokudala izikimu omtsha umbala ezizodwa.

wabiza amasebe alekwe iqabaka, diamond ntambo, esimnyama yonke imibala kwi "esibhakabhakeni aluhlaza lwawo." On the ngelaphu ubukhulu 122,4 x 160,3 ngasentla wadlula ngamandla kakhulu. Ndimele ndithi, ukuze ubume yasebusika I. Grabar - ezona kwimizobo Russian, ingakumbi i "nemvano". Winter, ilanga, ezintle ezinde, ufuzisela Russia kunye nohlobo Russian, abade, namahlamvu oluchumileyo, silvered kunye like yokhaliso. amasebe awo uphoswe kwi-blue ikhephu, emsi namathunzi purple. Belle nemihlali uqhayisa ubuhle babo. Kulo msebenzi yonke engaqhelekanga, yena imothusa kwaye solo kumbukeli. imizobo eyenziwe ngepeyinti yeoli, ukufa kwamalungu amancinci iqhezu (divisionism) umfanekiso kunyanzeleka ukuba uthethe ngayo umbhali kuba nguyise impressionism Russian. Le ngelaphu igcinwa kwi Yaroslavl Art Museum.

In Grabar imifanekiso ezininzi ezahlukeneyo nale gama, kwaye bonke entle kakhulu, kodwa ke umsebenzi ngo-1905 babhetele kunabanye. Kamsinya nje nayiphi ezinde ekuthiwa Grabar, yintoni nje azilingani. Ngokungafihlisiyo, oko ukuxuma kwenkcazo 'umthi amakhulu. "

"... Yesenin isakhiwo sebali, phantse yeBhayibhile ..."

Enye umfanekiso wegcisa wadala zonke izinto izimiso Impressionism. Le ngasentla "Matshi Snow" ka-1904. Apha, njengokuba kwi imizobo ezimbini ezidlulileyo, ongowokubongwa ngonaphakade yoyiswa umphefumlo kukho ikhephu igcisa phantsi kwelanga. Loo nto ibonisa izithunzi ngemvelo ezingqongileyo, leyo yosulela zonke izithunzi ngemisonto emsi nemfusa, Lilac. Unamacebo Matshi Russia Wagqitha echanileyo ngokumangalisayo: ukuba intwasahlobo, kodwa ikhephu ayiqalisi ucinga inyibilike. Ngelo xesha umzimba ndaziva utshintsho amaxesha onyaka, nangona ngenxa yengqele.

On the ngelaphu ubonisa ibhinqa eliselula ephethe emele amanzi idyokhwe. Kubonakala eziqhelekileyo zasemaphandleni - izakhiwo, sele snowless imithi, apho kungekudala Amaqhina awo aya ikhawuleza ngumlimi ninonke iqabaka. Kodwa ke ophambili le ngelaphu - njengekhephu. Akazange abengezelayo, ebusika, akukho nto qwa, kodwa kusenjalo kakhulu. Nguye lo mfanekiso ongaphambili apho saa kakhulu amatshatshazi. I web izele elinomtsalane. Ukupenda ezichazwe ngaphantsi ngentla -. Kuphela 80 x 62 cm igcinwe kwi Tretyakov igalari.

mmi ngalinye ilizwe eyaziwa ngokuba mhlaba entle Russian iibhrashi buchopho ezifana Savrasov, Vasiliev, Shishkin, Levitan. Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar, Artist Abantu ngayo eRashiya, nto leyo artists yokuqala eSoviet wawongwa ngesiqu "Makazizukise Artist", akandifanele baqhubeka olu ngcelele kangaka. kuhle kakhulu ubuhle pre-mbuso, kodwa imizobo yakhe, ebhaliweyo kwixesha eSoviet, hayi embi. Singer solar zasebusika frosty kunye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, Grabar kunye polity omtsha wahlala opeyintayo enkulu.