Amalungu obuchopho. Medulla Oblongata. Isakhiwo, umsebenzi, imiphumo yokwehlulwa

Bark ubuchopho anatomically zimelwe ipleyiti umcimbi gray ngakwimida inxalenye olungaphandle zifaka nedumbe lengqondo. isakhiwo ngomphetho yayo ngenxa yenani elikhulu convolutions ezahlulwe sisithuba imisele. Ngoko ke inkoliso kuqweqwe ibekwe ubunzulu umsele, yaye inxalenye ezincinane - kumphezulu wazo. Xa umahluko ikhweyitha khaxa (elingaphandle) kunye umphezulu engaphakathi, yaye kwisiseko. Phezu kumphandle nomhlehlo Parietal abazahlulayo ukusuka ngokungqalileyo usebenzisa enamandla "rolandovoy" emseleni. Ngezantsi ukuba "Sylvius" groove, awanyakazela ngayo nomhlehlo zexeshana abazahlulayo ukusuka ngokungqalileyo kunye Parietal. Parietal-Occipital sulcus esahlula nomhlehlo Occipital.

isakhiwo neuron engabonakali luquka uthotho maleko zeselula kunye ezinezikhondo, kwaye inxulumene uhlobo isakhiwo-umaleko ezintandathu.

Xa oku kumiselwa oomaleko zilandelayo:

- granular zangaphandle;

- granular zangaphakathi;

- molecule;

- iiseli polymorphic;

- iiseli pyramidal enkulu;

- aphakathi kunye neeseli ezincinane pyramidal.

Isakhiwo umsebenzi Medulla, imiphumo ngentshabalalo

Ubude bayo na omise malunga namashumi amabini anesibhozo, ububanzi ngokwenyusa kancinane, ukufikelela milimitha ezingamashumi amabini anesine. Medulla uyaqhubeka kwi cranial lweHo- umnqonqo nge emjelweni central spinal. Oku waphawula ukuba kukho into amaqela ezahlukeneyo zenkqunto ongwevu, leyo zenza luvo engundoqo cranial. Kukwenziwa loo nto emhlophe inxaxheba iindlela nefayibha. Medulla Oblongata iqulethe inucleus, apho iingcambu ibekwe ebalulekileyo cranial luvo (vagus, hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, ulwandiso). Ukongeza, eziba inxaxheba kwiinkqubo reflex ezifana ukuhlafuna, yokuginya, na usana lwakhe, ukuthimla, ukugabha kunye ukwahlulwa ijusi yokwetyisa. Formation of nuclei ebantwini kwenzeka ngexesha kuphuhliso esibelekweni. ubuchopho lume kuzalwa (kunye ibhulorho), inobunzima malunga ezisibhozo grams. Nokuvuthwa ithatha umlinganiselo iminyaka esixhenxe.

Xa edlula iindlela Medulla Oblongata wabamba amaza centripetal kunye centrifugal. Enye yeendlela ezibaluleke kucingwa indlela pyramidal. Idibanisa imimandla mafutha kwi neuron kunye iiseli lwemoto iimpondo Icipande umnqonqo. Emdeni umnqonqo kunye namasebe Medulla waphawula bangaweleli iphecana pyramidal. Oku kuchaza ukuphazamiseka olusetyenziswayo iinxalenye ezithile zobuchopho xa yonakele. Umzekelo, ukwenzakala umqadi pyramidal ngentla chiasm ibangela Hemiplegia phezu kwelinye icala lomzimba kwegumbi. Ngelo xesha linye ekubulaleni luvo cranial ukuphazamiseka ezisebenzayo zenzeka kwicala elinye lomzimba.

"Cerebellopontine angle" ezisebenza umsebenzi kokuxhuma. Akhiwe ngomva fossa ye lukakayi, oko kudibana ibhulorho, kwiCerebellum kunye Medulla Oblongata. Kwimeko apho yamathumba kule ndawo acofiweyo amacandelo elilandelayo kula masebe.

Xa Oblongata Medulla indawo kumaziko ibalulekileyo ebomini-inkxaso, nto leyo likubona kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo kweli sebe kwinkqubo luvo. Nanga amaziko sentliziyo zokuphefumla. Kungenxa yoko le nto umonakalo (nokuba minor), kwaye ingakumbi ukususwa Oblongata Medulla kukhokelela ekufeni ngenxa kokubanjwa yokuphefumla kunye nokupheliswa komsebenzi kwenkqubo sentliziyo.

Umonakalo iphecana pyramidal kungakhokelela ekubeni iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Konke kuxhomekeke kubukhulu ukonzakala kunye ixesha elidluleyo, kususela kwimini eyasekwayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi izilonda ukuba umntu ukukhubazeka kakhulu kwiiveki enye okanye ezimbini.