Ifilosofi Indlela of Science.

Indlela - ke, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, indlela eya into, indlela semisebenzi yezentlalo nje kuphela ulwazi, kodwa naluphi na olunye uhlobo. Ingqiqo methodology of science iintsingiselo ezimbini ezisisiseko:

1. System ubuchule ezithile, imisebenzi kunye neendlela ezisetyenziswe kulo okanye inqanaba lomsebenzi (ezopolitiko, inzululwazi, ubugcisa).
2. Imfundiso indlela okanye imfundiso le nkqubo. Ngenxa yoko, indlela inzululwazi wasikhangela isakhiwo kunye nophuhliso ulwazi lwenzululwazi, iindlela kunye neendlela zophando lwezenzululwazi, iindlela eshwankathela iziphumo kunye neendlela kolwazi practice.

Oku kulandela ukuba ndlela - indibanisela iindlela ezithile, imithetho kunye nemigangatho yolwazi kunye nesenzo. Loo ndlela ukufuna ukohlwaywa ngenxa inyaniso, lets ukonga ixesha ezibalulekileyo kunye nomgudu ukuze zisondele injongo yakhe. Umsebenzi ophambili kukulawula indlela cognitive kunye nezinye iintlobo umsebenzi. Nayiphi na kwezi ndlela kuphuhliswa ngokusekelwe ngeenkolelo yeengcingane, kunye nokusebenza wayo usoloko ngenxa ingcamango enkulu, olubalulekileyo kunye ezinzulu kamva zixinaniswe kwi indlela.

indlela Scientific ikhona abaphuhlise kuphela ngengqiqo entsonkothileyo lwenjongo kunye ezikhathazayo. Noko ke, loo nto ixela ukuba nayiphi na indlela, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuba yinjongo kwaye ulwazi, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kancinci ezikhathazayo. Zonke iindlela zobunzululwazi bohlulwa babe ngamaqela ezihlanu ezingundoqo:

1. iindlela bulumko. Eyona yamandulo iindlela bulumko - dialectical kunye ezintweni. Ezi kwakhona ziquka analytical phenomenological iindlela,, enobuchwepheshe.
2. ngeendlela zobunzululwazi. iindlela ezinjalo baye bafumana izicelo ububanzi inzululwazi kwenkulungwane XX, bamele uhlobo yendlela phakathi iimfundiso yentanda nokubonelela esisiseko kwezinye Sciences ezizodwa.
3. Iindlela Chastnonauchnogo bamele iseti imigaqo kunye neendlela ulwazi, ngokunjalo iindlela zophando kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezithile yenzululwazi kunye enxulumene ezisisiseko uhlobo isindululo.
4. iindlela oluleko ziquka iinkqubo iindlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ingqeqesho ngakumbi elilujongano lenzululwazi, okanye enxulumene kwenzululwazi. Nayiphi na inzululwazi esisiseko lubandakanya izifundo ezimbaxa kunye neendlela zophando yokuqala.
5. Iindlela uphando ahlukeneyo. Basimisela uthotho zokwenziwa iindlela, ezimanyanisayo egxininisa amalungu sezifundo zobunzululwazi.

Ifilosofi kunye nendlela yesayensi isikakhulu zezi zilandelayo iindlela: ngokuqaphela, uthelekiso kunye experiment, ngenxa yokuba apho kukho ungenelelo ngokukhutheleyo kwinkqubo ekhoyo. kumhla Phakathi kwazo kukho amaninzi zodwa, ezingenzeka-aqale kunye neendlela axiomatic.

1. Ngokusesikweni - yemephu kolwazi jikelele yebinzana yokomfuziselo. Le wadala ukuba amazwi ingcamango, kunye kungenzeka ngaphandle ukuqonda edidayo.
2. indlela Axiomatic - indlela ngolwakhiwo kwingcamango yenzululwazi ngokusekelwe ezinye izithuba ukuqala, ukusuka apho zonke ezinye iingxelo ivele ngendlela eyondeleleneyo.
3. indlela ezingenzeka-aqale - indlela ukufunda ithiyori, eli yayo ukuze yenze inkqubo yeengcinga, apho nezigqibo izibakala enokwehla.

Logic kunye nendlela of isayensi ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa iindlela jikelele ubhalo kunye neendlela zophando, kungenziwa achongiwe kuwo:

1. Uhlalutyo - ukwahlukana ngengqondo okanye yokwenene into ibe ngamalungu ayo candelo.
2. Yolungelelwaniso - ukuhlanganisa izinto iyunithi enye.
3. Isakhiwo - inkqubo ukukhupha ukusuka ubudlelwane kunye neempawu nesenzeko efundwayo, kunye kwakhululwa ezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo.
4. Idealization - umsebenzi ubhalo ezinxulumene ukuyilwa bezinto abstract.
5. Induction - intshukumo ingcamango ukusuka izibakala ngamnye ngokubanzi.
6. Isixa - Ibuyisela inkqubo yokufunda kumava ekwabelwana ukuya izibakala ngamnye.
7. Isifaniso - Uthelekiso kunye nokuzimisela izinto ezifanayo phakathi kwezinto non-twatse.
8. Ngumzekelo - Uphando Indlela izinto ukudlala ngeempawu zazo kwezinye izinto.

Indlela yesayensi, njengoko kwenzululwazi - into nje ngembali, ngoko nayiphi iindlela nobuchule zokufunda ngayo qho kuphuculwe kwaye ziphuhliswe, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umongo walo oyinyaniso.