Ingxaki yabantu eRashiya: izizathu neendlela ukuloyisa

Ngenxa yokuba kule minyaka yokugqibela iinguqu zeemarike kunye notshintsho zenguqu ziye utshintsho kakhulu iimeko zokuphila yabemi Russia, leyo bachaphazeleka kakhulu nokuziphatha ngokwasengqondweni kwaye emzimbeni, kuquka nokufunda.

Ngoko ke, kukho ingxaki demographic eRashiya, ukuba ukunyanzelisa nempembelelo ethile kwi umgangatho wokuphila wabantu, nto leyo lithuthwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Imiba ephambili ukunciphisa umgangatho wokuphila zezi:

- ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kwi kwinqanaba lengeniso yinxalenye yabantu;

- inani eliphezulu labantu abahluphekayo ngokwaneleyo ifiphale kubhekwa nendlala;

- kwisikali okubalulekileyo ngqesho, kunye yokungahlawulwa umvuzo;

- ukutshatyalaliswa kwinqanaba loluntu.

Zonke ezi zibakala nefuthe kwi-ntle yabemi. Iingxaki baseRashiya babeba ukuhla zendalo emva ekumeni enjengokukhula kwenani labemi, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ekuweni kwayo. Ngenxa yoko, ukwakheka bokugcinwa imifuziselo angabi zemfuduko basekhaya angaphandle.

Ingxaki yabantu eRashiya kusisiphumo isicelo of "unyango othukile", nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni yokuhla kwingeniso abemi, yaye linethemba ukubuyisela kuzo kule minyaka ilishumi ephantsi kufutshane. Ngoko ke, ngokususela kwidatha zembali, kuphela ngo-2002 ingeniso yokwenene yabantu bafikelela amanqanaba 1997.

Eyona into asemgangathweni kabini-ebuya wokuphila labemi Russia xa kuthelekiswa no-1991. Yeyona ukunganeli umvuzo. Ngenxa Ukwehla yayo ebalulekileyo, imivuzo akusekho lenze imisebenzi:

- zokuzala (hayi ngokubonelela nkqu olukhutshelweyo elula yabantu bokusebenza ummi);

- yezoqoqosho (hayi ukukhuthaza imveliso ukwanda kunye nomgangatho lomsebenzi);

- kwezentlalo.

Ingxaki yabantu eRashiya, ebonisa inqanaba elisezantsi kakhulu yabantu nkonzo. Oku kuqinisekiswa yi-manani. Ngoko, iindleko-avareji ye-akhawunti ukutya malunga nesiqingatha iindleko zizonke iintsapho Russian. Nangona isibakala sokuba kwamanye amazwe, eli nani ayidluli-30%. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke oku kwenzeka phambi kwezibonelelo enkulu.

Ingxaki yabantu eRashiya ibonisa ukuhla labemi zendalo olwaqala ngo-1992 Ngaloo ukufa nyaka nokuchuma amagophe phambana, yaye akukwazeki ukufumanisa iimpawu zokuphucuka ebalulekileyo.

Kakade ke, iingxaki zezibalo eRashiya ushiya imeko yayo uphawu efanayo kwamanye amazwe. Ngokomzekelo, kumazwe amaninzi umlinganiselo ukuzalwa waphawula unciphiso ebalulekileyo kwixa elizayo kungakhokelela ekubeni ukukhula kancinci labantu. Noko ke, ingxaki Izibalo kuphela ukuhla kwizinga lokukhula kwabemi emiselwe ehlabathini, kwakunye nezinto ezifana iimpawu imozulu yale mimandla, imo engqongileyo, ezentlalo kunye neemeko zoqoqosho.