Fish bony

Superclass Bony intlanzi bobabo kwiklasi ekuyo, yaye iquka ezimbini. Omnye wabo imelwe iintlanzi ray-finned. Liphethe odolo ngaphezu kwama-30 kunye neentsapho 500. Second - lopastoperye fish (lungfish kunye crossopterygian).

iintlanzi nokudleka bahlala emanzini zonke Umhlaba - in ezinetyuwa kwaye fresh, ukususela izibonda ezimbini-ikhweyitha. Bathi eqhelekileyo konxweme, kunye ezinzulwini ezininzi ingafikeleleki kweelwandle neelwandlekazi. Njengoko nge ithambo, kwaye ukusuka ntlanzi cartilaginous ezinamaphiko, ukuba nesithandwa imilenze. Noko ke, ithambo kunye nentlanzi cartilaginous ezineefitsha kubalulekile. Okokuqala, kumayelana asemzimbeni kunye nentloko yalo; bona, la malungu ngokupheleleyo ithambo. Kanye efanayo, nesisitheliso ezi ntlanzi - ezikalini bakha sinamathambo.

Rocka nakwiingqameko zalo dj iintlanzi (ngababini zabo ezintlanu) zimi emacaleni pharynx. Bona ngokohlobo iigilizi netshiki iintyatyambo. Wambumba - bafundelane ngezibini, endlebeni yangaphakathi iye misele omise (ezintathu kuzo). Ubume iintlanzi eli superclass eyahlula kwisisu kumculo, wazigquma cover esisodwa dj. Swimbladder ibekwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni, inxalenye yayo ephezulu. Ukuqonda imihlathi enamazinyo ukwenza emlonyeni. Ubude zezi ntlanzi yahluka kakhulu, ukusuka kuma-70 ukuya 500-700 cm, ngokulandelelana, ubunzima lwabo iyahluka ukusuka wayedla ezimbalwa ukuya kwiitoni elinesihlanu.

intlanzi bony yokuqala ukuvela 400 yezigidi kwiminyaka. Zakudala. Ngokuthe ngcembe, xa kuthelekiswa namanye iintlanzi kunye ezinomqolo eziphilileyo emhlabeni, ngokuyifumana inezona. Ngokusisiseko, iintlanzi ezinamathambo imilo umzimba embhoxo inomzimba. Kodwa kukho utolo-ezimile fish (saury, garfish, barracuda, Pike), ezimilise band-(vogmery, eels Moray, tsepoly, induna) kunye ungqukuva (Kuzovkov, monkfish, puffers). A ihashe ulwandle kwaye onke efana imilo chess knight. Neziselwandle ngeziBini unpaired, inceda intlanzi ukunyenyisa indawo emzimbeni. Umzimba ezingundoqo intshukumo yabo - ngumsila. Nangona ezinye iintlanzi (umzekelo, inyanga, pipefish, triggerfish) ukutshintsha indawo ngenxa undulations le amaphiko unpaired. Entloko kwaye macala omabini omzimba iintlanzi ingamathambo abe ebizwa ngokuba yi-line osecaleni - ilungu ethe baxhotyiswe Pore ijelo. Nguye ayinikiwe kuphela izilwanyana ezihlala emanzini. Umgca lateral kubanceda ukuqonda amandla kunye nolwalathiso lokuhamba. Ngenxa yoko, njengokuba wazimfamekisa yi intlanzi unako ukuthintela imiqobo kunye ukubamba ixhoba.

Le kokusemva phantse onke amalungu ale superclass elinombala imnyama ngakumbi emacaleni isisu - indawo kunenye emzimbeni nakwiintlanzi. Lo mbala la engenamsebenzi olukhuselayo. Dark emva nzima ukuqonda phezu kwamanzi, xa zijongwe phezulu, evela emoyeni. Kwaye ukuba ujonge intlanzi ukusuka ezantsi, ekuyeni ezulwini, akukho lula ukuba uqaphele kumazantsi esisu eliqaqambileyo. Imibala ixhomekeke uhlala phi nzulu ngayo iintlanzi. Njengoko umthetho, umbala uyaluphinda kokubangqongileyo. Kukho nolunye uhlobo imibala yokhuselo: izangqa eqaqambileyo, imivumbo emzimbeni, amatshatshazi umsila efana amehlo. le yonke kwaye luphazamise utshaba kunye namaxhoba, ukususela ukuma umzimba wentlanzi abangaboniyo gqitha, imisele zayo baphuke ibe ziingceba. Ukongeza, ekupeyinteni yindlela ngokuchonga abantu iintlobo, kuquka nobudala.

Ezinye iintlanzi nokudleka ungatsiba ephuma emanzini, eziphaphazelayo emoyeni ngexesha elifanayo ngaphezu kwekhulu leemitha. Abaninzi kubo qubha esinyini okanye kumculo kwisisu kukho abanye izixhobo eziya kubavumela ukuba kufumile umoya ashinyeneyo elide ngokwaneleyo ukuze siphume emanzini. Kwaye polypterus kunye lungfish qubha isinyi wenziwe ziiseli. Le ukufana lokukhanya ivumela ukuba umoya lomoya komoya.

iintlanzi nokudleka zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi practical. Kumazwe amaninzi, ukuloba - enye amacandelo aphambili ezoqoqosho. Fish - kuluncedo nje kuphela kunye nokutya okumnandi. Lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekrwada lokuvelisa of a medicament (amafutha) eziphathekayo ukudla iinkukhu kunye nemfuyo (isidlo feed), isichumiso kuba ilizwe (tuki), iglu, amafutha ngokobugcisa kunye nezinye iimveliso ezisetyenziswa ekutyeni kunye nokukhanya mveliso.