Caphula Aristotle karhulumente ihlala echaphazelekayo kule mini

Aristotle - elinye lamagama nempembelelo bulumko. Umfundi uPlato, oshiye ngeemfundiso utitshala wakhe waza wadala isikolo sakhe, Aristotle utitshala engundoqo Aleksandra Velikogo, kunye neengcinga zakhe nempembelelo umsebenzi yezopolitiko Macedon. Rise yesayensi eziliqela mihla ezifana kwinzululwazi yezopolitiko kunye kwabantu, oko uAristotle sibekiwe, kwemibhalo aphorisms ezinxulumene unanamhla.

biography

sobulumko enkulu Future wazalwa ngo-384 BC. e. Uyise, Nicomachus (emva lowo uAristotle wabiza unyana wakhe, mhlawumbi ukuba indlela yokuziphatha bakhe), wasebenza njengoko ugqirha yasebukhosini kwinkundla Macedonian. Indawo uyise uzimisele nokuqaliswa yokuqala ka-Aristotle Philip II Macedon, uyise ka-Alexander. UFilipu wema neziseko zebhola karhulumente Macedonian, owabakhoyo nje ubutsha Aristotle.

Xa elivisayo yokuqala, uAristotle wemka ngaphandle uyise, kodwa kwaba ilifa osisityebi, ukuba loo mfana zange ziphazamise imfundo yabo. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, uAristotle bafudukela eAthene waza wajoyina i-bulumko kaPlato. Yena umfundi, asebenza kunye nomhlobo uPlato iminyaka engamashumi amabini, nangona ukuba iinkalo ezininzi baphikisana kunye notitshala wakhe.

Emva kokufa uPlato, uAristotle wahlukana uPawulos neAtene, watshata waza waba ngutitshala Aleksandra Makedonskogo phambi yokuzalwa kwakhe 18. Ngaphandle nempikiswano phambi-nkqubo kunye nokudala isikolo yalo bulumko, uAristotle wahlala ngummi kwelaseMakedoni, kwaza kwanyanzeleka ukuba aphume polis Greek emva kokufa kuka-Aleksandire. Sobulumko yena wafa unyaka emva kokuba umfundi yakhe edumileyo.

ifilosofi Aristotle xa

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba izimiso Aristotle yaye waba umsunguli ekuqiqeni esesikweni, ukudala isixhobo sengqiqo, umhla unanamhla, naye waba sobulumko kuphela xesha lakudala, ukudala inkqubo-bulumko. Zonke iinkalo zobomi bomntu - ontology, inkolo, isosioloji, ezopolitiko, physics, logic, kwaye nkqu imvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo achaphazelekayo kumsebenzi wabo Aristotle. Quotes ngobomi, ezithatyathwe ingqokelela okanye memoirs abafundi bakhe nabalingane zibonisa ubulumko bakhe kunye nolwazi olunzulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.

Aristotle wakhetha inzululwazi ithiyori - abo zinika ulwazi kuphela. Ezi ziquka yemvelo, ezikhona, ezakwalizwi, nakwimathematika. Ethics kunye nezopolitiko - isayensi bobuqili; ulwazi olufunyenwe kufundisiso lwabo enokusetyenziswa kushishino. nempembelelo ekhethekileyo bulumko mihla waba iimbono Aristotelian malunga kurhulumente. Enyanisweni, waba eliphuma yokuhlalisana kunye nenzululwazi kwezopolitiko.

Izimvo kunye quote Aristotle malunghana kurhulumente

Aristotle i individualist kwaye ngamandla bamchasa iingcamango karhulumente efanelekileyo uPlato. Enoba nkqubo isixhobo ngokutsho uPlato waba 'Utilities ". Ekucingelwa ukuba abantu bonke - ukususela ubutyebi abafazi abantwana babo. Aristotle wathi ubukomanisi isithembu abatshabalalisa urhulumente. Ngokusekelwe umahluko wabonakala quote odumileyo Aristotle kaThixo, "UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso wabazisa", nto leyo wavakalisa bit intsonkothe ngaphezulu kule yokuqala.

Aristotle lweli kwipropati yabucala, ubukhoboka kunye nomfazi, lo gama kokuqwalasela isikhundla ekuhlaleni amanye amacandelo karhulumente ngezantsi, umzekelo, amakhoboka, amahlwempu kunye nabafazi. Umnqweno womntu ukuhlala kuluntu yaye agxininise nokudalwa yokuqala intsapho, ngoko ekuhlaleni, kunye nemeko kamva. Noko ke, ukuba ungummi kuthetha ukuba urhulumente ngaphezu usapho kunye noluntu.

Imvelaphi kunye nohlobo kurhulumente

Aristotle yabamba theory yembali kwendalo karhulumente. Ngokutsho izimvo zakhe, ekuqaleni kwenkqubo karhulumente lwalunjani uhlobo ka - ntle yoluntu, nto leyo ifuna unxibelelwano. Kungumnqweno siphile nje kakuhle ngokonwaba ibangela umnqweno wakhe elihle kwezentlalo. Ngokutsho Aristotle, womntu, musa kufuneka ukunxibelelana - oko isilwanyana okanye isithixo.

Ukuze kuphunyezwe iimfuno ezisisiseko, zibe yimpumelelo yedwa, abantu - amadoda nabasetyhini - akumanyileyo entsatsheni. Iintsapho baphila kufutshane kunye, bakha uluntu. Kwakukho ukwahlulwa inkqubo yotshintshiselwano yabasebenzi kunye nobukhoboka. Kamva, le ndawo ziye zakhula ngengozi sikarhulumente. Caphula Aristotle of yezentlalo bomntu ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "Umntu, abakwazi okanye abafuna ukuhlala ekuhlaleni - ezizitho zine, nokuba uthixo, kuba kakhulu yena yedwa."

Aristotle ithelekisa karhulumente kunye umzimba womntu, apho ilungu ngalinye lomzimba, ilungu ngalinye lenza umsebenzi wayo ngamnye:. Intloko, izandla, intliziyo, njalo njalo D. Ukusuka kwesi sicatshulwa uAristotle kulawulo: "Intloko Umntu omnye, kwaye urhulumente kufuneka abe umbusi othile ". Ingcamango eyodwa esibangela sobulumko ukukholelwa imfuneko inkululeko ezithile kunye namalungelo ngamnye, kwakunye ukwahlulwa kwamagunya phakathi kwamasebe. Ngomhla kokukhatywa ubundlobongela, uthi uAristotle sicaphula ukuba uninzi oozwilakhe aba lolu hlobo, kwaye benze into enye kodwa bonakalise imithetho zabo zikarhulumente ulawulo olungqongqo kakhulu kwaye ngokuphindelela.