Aviation kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. moya Military USSR

Abaninzi basenokubalisa kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Facts apho nje inani elikhulu. Le ngxelo kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kwesi sihloko, njengoko moya yeSibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Makhe sithethe-moya edumileyo, ezazisetyenziswa ekulweni.

Iyunithi esisiseko ye-fleet Soviet

I-16 - "esile", "ishachok". Monoplane karma yemveliso Soviet. Wabonakala kuqala kwi-30. Oku kwenzeka kwi Polikarpov OKB. Eyokuqala owayevuka kwi ukulwa emoyeni, waba Valery Chkalov. Kwathi ekupheleni kukaDisemba 1933. Lo moya wathabatha inxaxheba bemfazwe eyaqalisa ngo-1936 eSpeyin, kwi ungquzulwano kunye iJapan Khalkhin Gol, ekulweni eSoviet-Finnish. Ngu ekuqaleni umlweli Enkulu Patriotic lusisisekelo olusisiseko fleet ehambelana ye-USSR. Uninzi umsebenzi wakhe yabaqhubi yaqala ukusuka kwinkonzo kwi I-16.

Eziqanjwayo Aleksandra Yakovleva

Aviation kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II ifakiwe Inani labo kunye ba-3. Ngaphantsi ngayo kuqondwe ukulwa-injini enye, uphuhliso eyayikhokelwa Aleksandra Yakovleva. Lo moya waba nokuqhubekeka enkulu yemodeli Yak-1. Nokuveliswa koomatshini eziphaphazelayo kwenzeka ukususela ngowe-1994 ukuya 1945. Ngeli xesha, kuba ikwazile ukwakha malunga 5000 mlilo. Lo moya iqondakele mlweli ilungileyo kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, yenzelwe iyenzeka. Lo mfuziselo ezingalweni France.

Aviation USSR abaninzi ezifunyenwe ukusuka kwixesha moya fyabo gaiteros-7 (Uti-26). It is a moya-injini enye eyenzelwe yi Aleksandrom Yakovlevym. Isetyenziswa ngokwembono moya yoqeqesho. Production kwaqala ngo-1942. Emoyeni wavuka malunga 6000 kwezi modeli.

imodeli ezingcono

Aviation USSR waba ukulwa enjalo, njengoko K-9. Lo ngowona mzekelo kakhulu ubunzima, imveliso ogama yathatha iminyaka 6, ukuqala 1942. Ngeli xesha, yayakhiwe malunga-17 amawaka moya. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umzekelo yaba umahluko kancinane FC-7 moya, kuba zonke izinto buye ukuqhubeka nobunzima kakhulu lothotho.

Aircraft ekhutshwe phantsi kolwalathiso Petlyakova

Xa wayethetha ngesihloko ezifana moya kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, kufanele kuqatshelwe-moya ebizwa ngokuba sokubambisa (Pe-2). Le bomber emanzini, nto leyo ethandwa kakhulu eklasini yayo. Le modeli isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi edabini.

Aviation Soviet World War II ebandakanywe nokubunjwa kwayo, kunye nomatshini luphaphazela njengoko PE-3. Phantsi kwale modeli, kufuneka kuqondwe-injini iwele ukulwa. osemqoka yayo iimpawu yaba isakhiwo yesinyithi. Siye saqulunqwa OKB-29. Isiseko sathathwa yi ekufakeni bomber Pe-2. Wathatha inkqubo yemveliso B. Petlyakov. -Moya yokuqala yakhiwa ngo-1941. Ukusuka bomber bakhe kungekho ukukhuhla asezantsi lwezicwangciso ukudubula. Kwakungekho iigridi wayaphula.

Umlweli ekwaziyo okubhabha undizela phezulu

moya Military kwi USSR ngexesha Second World War yongezwe kwi enjalo ukulwa eliphezulu-kwendawo, mig-3. Lo moya izithuthi iye isetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. Phakathi umahluko ophambili kukwazi kuchongwa ukuba oko ekhwela ezinobude 12,000 eemitha. neqondo efikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngokwaneleyo. Nale karma yabaqhubi balwa moya utshaba ngempumelelo.

Fighters kabani imveliso sibhekiswe Lavochkin

Ethetha kwi ngesihloko ezifana moya kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, kufanele kuphawulwe imodeli ebizwa ngokuba LaGG-3. Walo mlweli monoplane, lowo owayephakathi kwalo Air Force ye-Red Army. It yasetyenziswa kunye ukulwa kwindawo interceptor, bomber, sokuhlola. Production ngangosuku 1941 ukuya 1944. Designer Lavochkin, Gorbunov, Gudkov. Phakathi iimpawu ezintle kufuneka iqaqambise ubukho izixhobo ezinamandla, survivability phezulu, ukusetyenziswa ubuncinane izinto ezinqabileyo. Imibono lusetyenziswayo ukwenza nompleyini umlweli ngamaplanga.

Aviation Military waba nohlobo phambi La-5, ukwakhiwa ogama yenzeka phantsi kobunkokheli Lavochkin. Walo mlweli monoplane. Iimpawu eziphambili kukuba ubukho iqhekeza omnye kuphela, ivaliwe cabin, kwiplanga kwaye spars iphiko efanayo. Ukuveliswa lo moya kwaqala ngo-1942. Ekuqaleni, njengoko izixhobo ziye zasetyenziswa kuphela oluzenzekelayo-20 mm inkanunu kwi mali emibini. Kits baye babekwa inxalenye phambi enjinini. Lezixhobo akukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Kwakungekho nkqu isixhobo eyodwa gyro. Kwaye ukuba siye sanako ke kuthelekiswe moya iinqwelo-moya ezonga aye asetyenziswa eJamani, eMelika okanye eNgilani, kusenokubonakala ngathi ukuba ziyafana kakhulu kuzo barhuqe emva ngokwalo zobugcisa. Nakuba kunjalo, iimpawu moya sasisendaweni kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Yonke enye into, uyilo elula, akukho mfuneko yokuba ulondolozo ethatha ixesha elide, ukungafuni yimiqathango yasendle ukundiza kwenza ezifanelekileyo model kanye elo xesha. Ngonyaka omnye, oko yaphuhliswa malunga newaka mlilo.

History of Aviation USSR igcina reference kunye nemodeli afana iLa-7. Le yi-isihlalo enye monoplane fighter, ukwakhiwa okwenziwa Lavochkin. -Moya wokuqala loo yakhululwa ngo-1944. Emoyeni, wavuka ngoFebruwari. NgoMeyi, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukuqalisa imveliso yayo mass. Phantse zonke yabaqhubi ababa Heroes eSoviet Union, waya iLa-7.

Le modeli ekhutshwe phantsi kolwalathiso Polikarpov

moya Soviet zomkhosi kuquka umfuziselo U-2 (PO-2). Le biplane multi-njongo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ukuveliswa Polikarpov ngo-1928. Eyona njongo ephambili apho kwakhululwa moya kwenzeka, yayikukuqeqesha abaqhubi. Kuba ngaye, kwathiwa obubonakala ngokuba neempawu ukuphathwa elungileyo. Xa Patriotic kweMfazwe Enkulu, umzekelo umgangatho, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukutshintsha imiphunga, bomber ebusuku. Umthwalo yoko kufikelelwe 350 kg. Lo moya uye yenziwe kuthotho de 1953. Kuba lonke ixesha ikwazile ukuvelisa imifuziselo malunga 33 amawaka.

-High speed mbono

moya Military angels yayiquka umatshini efana TU-2. Le modeli eyaziwa phantsi amagama imbovane-58 kunye Tu-103 2. Le bomber iwele-injini, apho unokuba kegama ngesantya esiphezulu flight. Kuba yonke ngexesha lokuveliswa kwayo yakhiwa imifuziselo malunga 2257. bomber ngemipu kwaba de-1950.

tank flying

moya asithandwa kangako ezifana IL-2. moya Attack kwakhona wayisa isiteketiso "humpbacked". Oku kuye kwabangela ukuba zenze fuselage. Abayili bathi lo matshini itanki ephaphazelayo. pilot German imifuziselo ezinjalo kuthiwa eziphathekayo kwaye yomelezwe moya bomber ngenxa yamandla ayo ethile. moya Attack kwimveliso Ilyushin ababandakanyekayo.

Yintoni uthini Aviation eJamani?

moya German kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwakukho imodeli efana "Messerschmitt Bf.109". Le nizkoplan piston mbono. Kuye isetyenziswe njengento interceptor, umlweli, bomber kunye moya sokuhlola. Lo moya ethandwa kwimbali Second World War (33984 model). Phantse bonke abaqhubi baseJamani baqalisa ukubhabha kule moya.

"Messerschmitt Bf.110" - umlweli enzima uhlobo qhinga. Ngenxa yokuba ukuba sisetyenziselwe injongo eyenzelwe yona, la model bahlaziywe kwi bomber. Lo moya lisetyenziswa kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Yena inxaxheba ekulweni kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba. Thamsanqa sikhatshwe moya ezinjalo ngokunxulumene ngokukhawuleza bembonakalo yayo. Noko ke, ukuba kushenxa idabi, le modeli phantse Njalo. Kule nkalo, i-moya loo Waziqhiwula phambili ngo-1943.

"Messerschmitt Me.163" (comet) - imizili interceptor. Okokuqala lathumela 1941 ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Akapasanga production mass. Ngo-1944 ukuba wakhululwa ezingama imifuziselo 44. I sortie lokuqala lwenzeka kuphela ngo-1944. Zonke ngoncedo lwabo moya-9 kuphela badutyulwa phantsi ilahleko ka-11.

"Messerschmitt Me.210" - umlweli enzima, abasebenze Bf.110 model replacement. indiza yakhe yokuqala eyenziwe ngo-1939. Kuyilo yayo, umzekelo yaba iziphene ezimbalwa, ngokunxulumene apho kubalulekile ekulweni hit nzima ngokwaneleyo. beza bonke imifuziselo malunga 90. 320 moya asigqitywanga.

"Messerschmitt Me.262" - ukulwa jet, nayo leyo wakhonza bomber kunye sokuhlola moya. Yehlabathi yokuqala moya jet, leyo wathabatha inxaxheba ekulweni. Kwakhona, oko kungathathwa jet umlweli yokuqala yehlabathi. Omakhwapheni ephambili 30 sekhe mm ezithi zifakelwe ngeenxa isaphetha. Kule uqhagamshelo imana bafumbe umlilo enzima.

moya British-ezenziwe

"Umthengisi Hurricane" - imveliso-isihlalo enye umlweli yaseBritani, yakhululwa ngowe-1939. Kuba lonke ixesha kwafika imveliso ngaphandle imifuziselo 14 amawaka. Ngokunxulumene kumatshini iinguqulelo ezininzi isetyenziswe njengento interceptor, bomber kunye moya ukuhlasela. Kwakukho ezo iinguqulelo nto ayithethi abathwali moya ukusuka. Phakathi Aces German lo moya ngokuba "ibhakethi nati." Oku kungenxa yokuba ke ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukulawula ukhwela kade.

"Supermarine Spitfire" - yemveliso umbhuqi yaseBritani, nto leyo eye injini kunye i-metal yonke monoplane iphiko zibekwe phantsi ngokwaneleyo. Kwisisu semoto kwalo mfuziselo kwaba kuyenzeka ukucoca up. Izilungiso ezahlukeneyo ukuvumela ukufaka model njengoko ukulwa, interceptor, bomber kunye intlola. Yavelisa malunga nama-20 amawaka iimoto. Abanye babo ukuze imi--50. Esisetyenziselwa kuphela ekuqaleni imfazwe.

"Umthengisi Typhoon" - a bomber enye, imveliso wakhe kuthwalelwa phandle 1945. On kwezikhali yayibandakanya de 1947. Iye yasungulwa ukuze usebenzise kunye indawo interceptor. Le yenye majoni yimpumelelo. Noko ke, kwakukho iingxaki ezithile, ungakhetha i izinga eliphantsi caca kuyo. Uhambo lokuqala lwenzeka ngo-1940.

Japan Aviation

moya Japanese kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II becala zikhutshelwa imodeli-moya, eziye zasetyenziswa eJamani. Inani elikhulu Jets karma ukuxhasa amajoni phantsi ukulwa. Kwakhona wayethetha ukongama komoya kwingingqi. Kaninzi, lo moya ngexesha Second World War zasetyenziselwa iphaphazela eTshayina. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba akukho ekuhlaseleni qhinga njengenxalenye moya Japanese. Phakathi umlweli engundoqo zingahlukaniswa: Nakajima Ki-27, Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa, Nakajima Ki-44 Shoki, Kawasaki Ki-45 Toryu, Kawasaki Ki-61 hien. Japanese Air Force wayisebenzisela ibithuthwa, uqeqesho, moya sokuhlola. Xa eyama, kukho indawo khona ukuze imifuziselo ngenjongo ekhethekileyo.

alwela american

Yintoni enye kuthiwa kumxholo wendlela moya kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II? I-United States naye akazange eme bucala. BaseMelika ngenxa yezizathu Kuyaqondakala, wajika ngocoselelo kuphuhliso Navy kunye Air Force. Kungenzeka ukuba le ukuhlolisisa wadlala indima yokuba iinqwelomoya US-olwenziweyo phakathi iimpawu ezininzi ezinamandla, hayi kuphela amanani kodwa. Ngu ekuqaleni ngamajoni kwi US nasinye isixhobo yayiquka iimodeli ezifana Curtiss P-40 Warhawk. Kodwa emva kwethuba lo matshini ukuba kuthengwe P-51 Mustang, P-47 lokuduma, P-38 Lightning. Njengoko kusetyenziswa imifuziselo moya bomber qhinga ezifana B-17 no-B-FlyingFortress 24 uMkhululi. Ukuze bakwazi ukwenza iziqhushumbisi qhinga Japan, kwi-United States model akha iinqwelo-B-29 Superfortress.

isiphelo

Aviation kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II yadlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngaphandle kokuba moya alubanga phantse akukho mlo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto engaqhelekanga into yokuba States kulinganiswa kuphela emhlabeni kodwa emoyeni. Ngako oko, ngenxa yoqeqesho pilot, kunye nokudalwa moya esitsha kwilizwe ngalinye abafanelekileyo isabelo esikhulu uxanduva. Kule ngxelo siye sazama ukuba siqwalasele indlela ezonga kusetyenziswa (yimpumelelo kwaye hayi) ngokulwa.