Alexander Popov: radio kunye nezinye izinto. Biography Aleksandra Stepanovicha Popova

Alexander Popov, ifoto leyo iya kuchazwe ngezantsi, wazalwa kwiphondo Perm ngo-1859, lo nyaka-4 Matshi. Wafa eSt Petersburg ngowe-1905, ngomhla we-31 kuDisemba. Popov Aleksandr Stepanovich - enye iinjineli zombane Russian edumileyo kunye yemvelo. Ukususela ngowe-1899, yena lo nyaka kwenziwa Injineli zombane yekhethelo, kwaye ukusuka 1901-th - nguceba karhulumente.

biography Emfutshane Popova Aleksandra Stepanovicha

Ukongezelela intsapho yakhe waba nabantwana abathandathu. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-10 uAleksandr Popov wathunyelwa Dolmatovsky esikolweni. Kwesi sikolo umzalwana wakhe omdala wafundisa Latin. Ngowe-1871 Popov wathunyelwa Yekaterinburg zonqulo esikolweni kwibakala wesithathu, yaye th 1873 izidanga emva ikhosi epheleleyo ye-1, kwelona nqanaba liphezulu. Kulo nyaka mnye wangena sobufundisi kwisixeko Perm. Xa th 1877 Alexander Popov wegqitha ngempumelelo iimviwo yokungena eSt Petersburg University kwi Physics and Mathematics Faculty. Iminyaka zokufunda yabasebenzi uphando elizayo akulula. Wanyanzelwa ukuba ukukhangela imisebenzi, ekubeni ezi zibonelelo zoncedo zaneleyo. Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe ngaxeshanye kunye nezifundo zabo zenza yokugqibela iimbono zakhe zenzululwazi. Ngokukodwa, oko waqala ukubandakanya imibuzo of physics mihla kunye nobunjineli yombane. Ngowe-1882 Aleksandr Popov waphumelela ekholejini kunye umviwa isidanga. Wacelwa ukuba ahlale kule yunivesithi ukulungiselela ibe nesigxina kwiSebe Physics. Kulo nyaka mnye wayezithethelela ithisisi yakhe "On ngemigaqo ugesi kunye magneto oomatshini kunye yangoku rhoqo."

Ukuqala Umsebenzi zenzululwazi

Yingcali mfana umdla kakhulu uphando zovavanyo entsimini kombane - wajoyina i iklasi unjingalwazi Mine Kronstadt of zobunjineli bombane, imathematika physics. Kwakukho yemvelo ofisi kakuhle ngokwaneleyo. Ngowe-1890 Alexander Popov wamenywa ukuba lifundisa isayensi kwi-Technical College of Office Maritime e Kronstadt. Okuhamba, ukususela ngowe-1889 de-1898, unyaka obeyintloko mveliso eziphambili Nizhny Novgorod Fair. Lonke ixesha lakhe spare Popov wamnika umsebenzi zovavanyo. Umbuzo ophambili ukuba inxaxheba kuphononongo, kwakukho iimpawu amaza.

Imisebenzi ukusuka 1901 kube 1905

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukususela th 1899 Alexander Popov waba kwisihloko injineli zombane yekhethelo kunye ilungu tehobschestva Russian. Ukususela ngowe-1901, waba unjingalwazi wezenzululwazi Electrotechnical Institute of * uKhesare Alexander III. Kulo nyaka, Popov wanikwa abangekho (abangekho) sesihlanu kwibakala isikhundla - State uCeba. Ngowe-1905, ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, Popov yi isigqibo Academic Council of the Institute, wonyulwa onguMphathi. Kulo nyaka mnye sisazinzulu iye yafumana dacha engekude ukusuka kwisikhululo. Udomlya. Apho intsapho yakhe babehlala emva kokufa kwakhe. Wafa Scientist, njengoko kuboniswa imbali, ukusuka icala. Ukususela ngo-1921, unyaka ngesigqibo SNK womzalwana sisazinzulu RSFSR iye kwambatha "uncedo ubomi". Oku ngobomi emfutshane Popova Aleksandra Stepanovicha.

izifundo ahlolwayo

Yintoni na impumelelo engundoqo iyileyo wayebhula Popov Alexander Stepanovich? Ukuveliswa radio usisiphumo iminyaka emininzi yomsebenzi zophando zezenzululwazi. amalinge zaKhe radiotelegrafirovaniyu yamachiza kulichitha-1897 kwi iinqanawa Baltic Fleet. Ngoxa kwayo abancedisi Scientist Swiss ngengozi kuphawulwe ukuba xa kukho ayanelanga coherer uphawu excitation uqalisa ukuguqula awo modulated uphawu aqhelelkileyo ibe njalo. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ndiyithabathe indlebe. Inoku engqondweni, Alexander Popov kancincane receiver, ufake handsets kutshintshiselwano irileyi ezibuthathaka. Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1901 wafumana ilungelo ephambili Russian uhlobo entsha yocingo receiver. isixhobo yokuqala Popov yaba isicwangciso isampulu wokufunda modified ukubonisa yemifuniselo ka Hertz. Ekuqaleni kuka-1895 yamachiza Russian baba nomdla experiments Lodge, ngubani kwaphuculwa coherer receiver, yaye yenzelwe, apho oko kunokwenzeka ukufumana imiyalezo kumgama oziimitha amane. Popov wazama nokuzala ulwamkelo, abazo isixhobo yakho ukuguqulwa Lodge.

Iimpawu ze device Popov

Coherer Lodge waqhutyelwa ngokohlobo kumbhobho yeglasi leyo yazaliswa imvuthuluka otyhidiweyo, ekwaziyo kabukhali - izihlandlo eziliqela ezingamakhulu - ukutshintsha conductivity phantsi kwempembelelo uphawu radio. Ukuzisa ifowuni kwindawo yayo yoqobo, kwakudingeka ukuba vuthululani uthuli - contact kabi phakathi kwabo. Le coherer Lodge kwanikwa i obetha oluzenzekelayo, ngubani ibethe rhoqo kwi ityhubhu. Popov waqalisa wesekethe oluzenzekelayo link reverse. Ngenxa yoko, i-relay wayesebenza kunomathotholo yaye umnxeba. Kule run ngaxeshanye zokudubula liso, nto leyo igxotha ixesha tube ne esisesweni. Ekwenzeni imifuniselo esebenzisa Popov kusungulwe Tesla ngo-1893 eliyincule imasti eriyali.

Ukusebenzisa ifowuni

Ixesha lokuqala isixhobo sakho Popov thaca ngo-1895, lo nyaka-Aprili 25, njengenxalenye intetho "Le nesihlobo powder metal ukuya oscillations zombane." Yemvelo epapashwe nabo inkcazo isixhobo modified iqaphele iingenelo zayo wethu, ngokuyintloko nokubhalisa perturbations kwimeko emoyeni kwaye ngeenjongo zokufundela. iya Scientific wayevakalisa ithemba lokuba isixhobo sakhe ingasetyenziswa ukuze adlulisele imiqondiso kule ngingqi usebenzisa i oscillations fast zombane elibhaqiweyo ngokukhawuleza umthombo ngamaza. Kamva (ukususela 1945) kumhla ntetho Popov baba ibhiyozelwa Day Radio. isixhobo yemvelo yaso ezinxulumene br lokubhala coil. Richard, ukufumana ngaloo ndlela, isixhobo uzingela oscillations esesibhakabhakeni kagesi. Kamva, le ukulungiswa yasetyenziswa Lachinov, wabeka i "Isalathisi isaqhwithi" kwi Station Weather. Ngelishwa, imisebenzi ye-Navy iSebe wabeka imiqathango ethile Popov. Kulo mba, ukugcina imbopheleleko esinyanisekileyo ukuba ukuxela ulwazi, yamachiza akazange ukupapasha iziphumo ezintsha yomsebenzi wabo, njengoko ngelo ontununtunu xesha.