Amandla ukubagcina

Masenze eksperimenti elula: thatha intwana zokuzicingela ibhola irabha kunye 'imbedded' emanzini. Ukuba ubunzulu emanzini nokuba 1-2 meters, kulula ukubona ukuba umthamo wayo lifinyele, ie, macala onke ibhola iya crimp ethile amandla. Oku kudla wathi ukuba kukho "unetyala" uxinzelelo hydrostatic - A emvelo omele ulwelo zokubhala emzimbeni wonke. imikhosi Hydrostatic omele umzimba macala onke, yaye isiphumo yabo, eyaziwa ngokuba amandla Archimedes, kwathiwa ejection, okuhambelana indlela yegalelo laso phezu komzimba uxakeke ulwelo.

Archimedes wafumanisa umthetho wakhe kuphela, aze ukugwetyelwa theoretical component wamlinda kwiminyaka engama 2,000 phambi uPascal wafumanisa umthetho hydrostatics yolwelo zokubhala. Ngokwalo mthetho, uxinzelelo ayihambi ngokusebenzisa kulwelo yonke imiyalelo kungakhathaliseki ndawo apho usebenza kuzo zonke iinqwelo-moya etsibatsiba ulwelo, kwaye ukubaluleka kwalo ngokomlinganiselo P zomphandle kunye S ecaleni noko yesiqhelo. Pascal wavula ahlole umthetho kumava ngo 1653. Ngokutsho kuye, phezu komhlaba umzimba sokuvalwa engamanzi macala onke yi xi hydrostatic.

Ucinge ukuba isitya ngamanzi ngendlela badl 'umzimba cube ubunzulu H ukuya L - Umgama ukusuka phezu kwamanzi ubuso phezulu. Xa ebotshiwe osezantsi oku ukuba H nobunzulu + L. Le F1 amandla kumda wesangqa, esebenza phezu kobuso eliphezulu ngqo ezantsi kwaye F1 = r * g * H * S, apho r - ulwelo uxinano, g - ukukhawulezisa womxhuzulane.

Le F2 yomzobo amandla, bafakela-moya osezantsi phezulu, kunye nexabiso layo siyinikwe F2 = r * g * (H + L) * S.

Le njengezazisi imikhosi omele imiphezulu kwicala ngokufanayo elungeleleneyo, ngoko kamva ngaphandle ingqalelo. Ukubagcina amandla F2> F1 zithunyelwa ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, kwaye ziqhotyoshelwe apha kule ubuso emazantsi ityhubhu. Chaza ixabiso F yayo:

F = F2 - F1 = r * g * (H + L) * S - r * g * H * S = r * g * L * S

Qaphela ukuba L * S - .. Ingaba umthamo amagaqa V, kunye m ukuya r * g = p limele unit ubunzima fluid, ngoko ubunzima formula amandla Archimedean imisela umthamo ulwelo elingana umthamo we tyhubhu, ngamanye Yiloo nto kanye ubunzima kulwelo abalahlekelwa umzimba. Kunika umdla ukuthetha malunga umgaqo Archimedes ' kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba okusingqongileyo, apho kukho khona amandla womxhuzulane - kweemeko weightlessness, umthetho ayisebenzi. Ekugqibeleni, ifomula yomyalelo kaArchimedes imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

F = p * V, apho p - womxhuzulane ethile ulwelo.

amandla Archimedean sebenza isiseko uhlalutyo imizimba ukubagcina. Imeko yokuba uhlalutyo lulwahlulo umzimba ubunzima zithwele kwemini PF ubunzima ulwelo kunye mqulu elingana umthamo antywiliselwa emzimbeni engamanzi. Ukuba PM = px, umzimba idada engamanzi, yaye ukuba ethenga.> PF, le eshona umzimba. Kungenjalo, umzimba siyavela engangempi sisemanzini ilingana ubunzima isahlulo ingontsi betekisi umzimba ngamanzi.

umgaqo Archimedes 'nokusetyenziswa kwayo unembali ende kwezobugcisa, ngokuqala umzekelo ezaziwa ukusetyenziswa bonke ezaziwayo nezinejika amaziko kwibhaluni kunye airships. Apha ke wadlala indima irhasi ibhekisa kwimo nendaba leyo kulingisa kakhulu fluid. Ngenxa yoko, kwimeko emoyeni ukuya nayiphi ukubagcina umkhosi into esebenza nokusika efanayo engamanzi. Imizamo yokuqala ukwenza andize ngebhaluni yomoya wathabatha abazalwana Montgolfier - azizalisa ibhaluni ngumsi olufudumeleyo, kangangokuba ubunzima ibanjwa kwindawo ibhaloni air yaba ngaphantsi kwe ubunzima umqulu mnye umoya obandayo. Oku unobangela ilifti, yaye ixabiso layo liye ichazwa umahluko umlinganiso imiqulu emibini. Impucuko na ke iibhaloni sokukhuphela, leyo gqolo kumo umoya ngaphakathi ibhaluni. Kucacile ukuba uluhlu kuxhomekeke ubude sokukhuphela. Kamva airships asetyenziselwa ukugcwalisa igesi kunye benokundileka ethile ngaphantsi koko umoya.