Inkqubo yegazi eziphila, kwezilwanyana kunye ezirhubuluzayo

Kweli nqaku Ndingathanda ukubona ukuba inkqubo yokujikeleza eziphila ezahlukeneyo kuleyo intlanzi kunye izirhubuluzi (ezirhubuluzayo). Abameli kwezi klasi ezifanayo ngeendlela ezininzi, kodwa umahluko basekhona, yaye ngamanye amaxesha, yaye ezincinane. Ngoko ke, malunga nazo zonke iinkcukacha.

Okokuqala kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba sisixokelelwano esivalekileyo yokujikeleza emanzini. intliziyo-zawo ezimbini kuphela bezlegochnye salamanders, abanye i-egumbini ezintathu. Lwane isimiso iqulathe ezimbini ejikeleza: ezinkulu nezincinane. Ubukho kwisangqa yesibini lu dityanisiwe lubandakanywe yezi zilwanyana nokuphefumla miphungeni. Intliziyo iquka imithambo emibini kunye ventricle. Kulo mzekelo, igazi kwi imithambo yahlukile: kwicala lasekunene - ugalelwe lwemithambo ngakumbi, yaye ekhohlo - umfutho. Wall ukuba ifomu pleats intraventricular ethintela indlela elisetyenziswa lwemithambo kunye negazi yodidi oluphezulu. Infundibulum, eshiya ventricle, banikwe valve helical. Ngokuphathelele imithambo, isikhumba, kwemiphunga onoxanduva zothutho igazi lwemithambo nolusu kwaye kulula; sleepy - zinika igazi esimbaxa umzimba ongasentla, ekukhethwa - intloko; kunye arch aortic igazi elingumxube ikhutshelwa izidumbu ezishiyekileyo. isangqa Small (okanye pulmonary) uqala Umthambo dermatological nezengekho miphungeni. Igazi ke lize ahlanganiswe ioksijini, buthathwa iperi imithambo pulmonary leyo engenanto kwi intendelezo ekhohlo. I-jike ye aorta kunye carotid imithambo, apho zifumaneka Amalungu nezihlunu, kuphuma kwegazi. igazi lwemithambo ayahamba na imithambo ze izihlangu umngxuma ngaphambili kunye umva unpaired ezibuhlazarha, na intendelezo ekunene. Esebenzisa Vena cava ngaphambili apha inqamla kwakhona oxidized igazi eluswini, kule nkalo, kwi intendelezo elungile mixed. Oku kungenxa kubukho kunye iimpawu eziphila igazi mixed abe kwinqanaba elisezantsi lweenkqubo metabolic. Iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni ziyatshintsheka kwaye kuxhomekeke ngaloo yokusingqongileyo. Le yenye yezilwanyana zinegazi elibandayo.

Inkqubo yegazi iyafana naleyo izirhubuluzi eziphila, kodwa ke apha ngaphezulu yokuphila ezisentlabathini. Xa intliziyo izirhubuluzi luqulathe imithambo emibini, leyo ukuvula kungena ventricle. Em- kule nxalenye yolu intliziyo yahlulwe ulwahlulo engaphelelanga (engabandakanywayo kuphela iingwenya). Kungenxa yoko le nto igazi, leyo iphuma imithambo ngokungaphelelanga miscible. Infundibulum e ezirhubuluzayo yehliswe ngokupheleleyo. Emibini arch aortic kunye pulmonary kuphela ziqala ventricle intliziyo. Xa isiqingatha sayo lasekhohlo kuphuma arch ekunene aortic, eli liyithweleyo igazi esimbaxa kwintloko, ngokunjalo kwi yemilenze. Embindini ka ventricle lasekhohlo iqala arch aortic ugalelwe igazi. Arc sinxulumene aorta amanakani okuba kunye imithambo eyayizalwa angabikho kulo igazi exubeneyo kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Kwaye kakhulu okroqiweyo ioksijini, ngokungafani eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, umzekelo.

Mu kuya kwa nshita emanzini nasemhlabeni, ezineqokobhe inkqubo unclosed kwegazi. Ngoko linokubizwa ngokuba kakhulu abangekaphuhli kuzo zonke iiklasi ngasentla. Igazi kwi intshukumo ukungongoza zentliziyo, ibekwe ecaleni iimpumlo. Ngenxa yoko, imithambo yegazi abakhoyo kuphela intlanzi ephezulu, kunye nabanye igazi aqukuqela ngokukhululekileyo nemingxuma ngeenxa izibilini. Amaxesha amaninzi, oko, lichithakale zombala ezikhethekileyo wokuphefumla, zinceda sokuwubopha ioksijini engakumbi.

Njengoko ubona, inkqubo yokujikeleza eziphila libambe indawo oluphakathi phakathi kuleyo intlanzi kunye ezirhubuluzayo. Ezirhubuluzayo ukuba kakhulu apha naphaya ukulungiselela iimeko ezahlukeneyo ebomini, yaye kule indima ebalulekileyo eyadlalwa unikezelo igazi emzimbeni.