Ziziphi amagama aphiko?

"Ukuba intaba ayifuni kuMahammad", "Kwinqwelo yesilivere", "Wena nawe, uBrutus!" - ngokuqinisekileyo ebomini bethu la magama angena. Kwaye nganye imfutshane imfutshane kwaye ichanekile, ngamagama ambalwa unokuchaza imeko okanye ivelise iimvakalelo.

Yintoni na?

Amagama aphilileyo, okanye amazwi - amacandelo ezinkcazo ezivela kwiziganeko zembali, iindilo kunye nemithombo eyahlukeneyo yombhalo - ubugcisa, iindaba zorhwebo, isayensi. Bavame ukudibana namagama abalinganiswa bombhalo, amanani eembali, amagama angendawo. Ezi zinokuba ziingcaphuno kwiintetho zabantu abadumileyo.

Amagqabantshe amaninzi alahlekelwa intsingiselo yawo yasekuqaleni kwaye asetyenzisiwe sele ehambelana nokubhekiselele kwizinto zangoku.

Amagama aphilileyo angaba nempawu ze-aphorism, okanye ube nomfanekiso wesiganeko okanye usetyenziswe ngomzekeliso. Bathi, njengemizekeliso, bayaziwa ngabaninzi, ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye yonke indawo basebenzise, babe nokubonakalisa okukhethekileyo baze bathengise ingcamango.

Leli gama lavela phi?

Le binzana elithi "ngamaphiko" linguHomer kwaye akanalo nto ithetha ngayo kuye ngoku. Umlobi ongumGrike kwi-Odyssey yakhe yathetha intetho enkulu. Kamva, kamva, igama elithi "ngamaphiko" lafumana intsingiselo eyahlukileyo kumlomo kaHomer. Kwaqala ukuthetha intetho ephosakeleyo, amagama atyhayo esuka emlonyeni wesithethi kwindlebe yomphulaphuli.

Intsingiselo yangoku yale binzana yavela ngokubonga kwipapasho ngo-1864 yeqoqo leengcaphuno ezidumiweyo ezihlanganiswe ngumsululwazi waseJamani uGeorge Buchman. Ukususela ngoko, ibinzana liye libe lixesha elisetyenziswe kwi-stylistics kunye neelwimi.

Imbali yokubonakala kwamagama athile amaphiko ibuyela kumaxesha amandulo. Ezinye zazo ziyingcamango, abanye kwiimbali zembali okanye iintetho zabantu abavelele nabafilosofi bexesha elidlulileyo. Ukuguqulelwa ukusuka kwisiLatini nesiGrike, amabinzana amaphiko sele angene ngokuqinisekileyo ebomini bethu, elahlekile, eqinisweni, intsingiselo yaso yokuqala. Yaye amazwi avela kwiimfundiso zamagama ayetyenziswe kuphela ngokomzekeliso.

Imithombo

Indawo ekhethekileyo ihlala ngamazwi aphiko, umthombo weBhayibhile. Ibinzana ngalinye okanye izivakalisi ezipheleleyo - iincwadi zeBhayibhile-zifumaneka rhoqo kwiintetho zansuku zonke kwaye zinika umbala okhethekileyo kunye nenjongo. Eyona edume kakhulu kubo "musa ukugweba, ngoko aniyi kugwetywa", "incwadi eneempawu ezisixhenxe", "ilizwi elikhala entlango" kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Ukongeza kwiingcaphuno zeBhayibhile, i-niche ehlukeneyo ibanjwe ngamazwi okubhala afunyenwe kwimisebenzi yamaKlasi aseRashiya nase-Ukrainian - iNV Gogol, AS Pushkin, uMnu Yu. Lermontov. Umthombo omkhulu wemiboniso enamaphiko yiingoma ze-IA Krylov kunye ne "Yeha eWeni" ngu-AS Griboedov. Okuphawulekayo kamva, isicatshulwa esivela kwimisebenzi ka-Ilf noPetrov yenze iqokelelo la magama.

Ukulahlekelwa intsingiselo yayo yangaphambili, ukuguqulwa okuyingcipheko phantsi kweempembelelo zexesha, amagama anamaphiko, kodwa ke, ukugcoba intetho yethu, yenze ibe lucebile kwaye lunomdla. Ezinye iibinzana zifundisa kwimvelo, ezinye zongeza umbala ohlekisayo kumazwi. Ukwandisa, amazwi anamaphiko angatholakala kwiintloko zeencwadi kunye namanqaku.

Isiphelo

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindidi emazweni ahlukeneyo zinokuba nencazelo echaseneyo, nangona zithathwe kumthombo ofanayo. Kukho amabinzana angenazo izifaniso kolunye ulwimi, kwaye xa ziguqulelwa zibonakala zingenanto. Oku kubalulekile ukwazi abantu abafuna ukutshintsha inkulumo yabo nolwazi lwasemzini, ukuze bangangeni kwiimeko ezihlazo. Kungcono ukufunda iimbonakaliso ezimbalwa ezisetyenziswe kweli lizwe. Oku kuya kuba bubungqina obubalulekileyo bokuba unomdla wokwenene kwenkcubeko kunye nembali yelizwe eliphambili.