Ngubani na imbongi, loo iyahluka umbhali

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, Ngubani na imbongi, akwanelanga ukujonga kwisichazi-magama. Xa inguqulelo ukusuka Greek - imbongi. Kodwa hayi nayiphi rhyme esiyibiza isihobe, kungekhona nje amazwi inkosi zimele kuyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo iimbongi oluphezulu abantu ukwazi ukudlulisela kamnandi kwaye ngokucacileyo ubuhle ihlabathi, kungakhathaliseki indlela ntetho.

A incinane

Emininzi kwiminyaka engamawaka eyadlulayo kwintsimi yaseYurophu zezizwe kumaCelts wabhubha, ningazazi alfabhethi. Baye bashiya akukho mithombo yobhalo, kodwa amaqhawe ozelwe ukucamanga kwabo ziboniswe kwi zamaqhawe kumaXesha Aphakathi: benza umlingo merlin, iNkosana Ayzenherts, Tristan kunye UIsolde. Ngenxa iimbongi, bards, ndambesa iziganeko ezingqonge ngohlobo lwemibongo, weza kubafundi mihla imbali kwaye ndifumene echo ezintliziyweni zabo.

UMdali, nokuba isipho obungaqhelekanga, ngomda kunye kwemvelo - imbongi. Intsingiselo yegama elithi itolikwa njengoko kumaCelts amandulo, ngoko ukongezelela kwizicengcelezo benze bonke ababingeleli druids ezintsha. Amavo yomdlalo kunye neehadi, nezwi wayeyithanda abemi abaqhelekileyo.

Nangona igunya ntetho zemibongo, kunye nezithethe igqithiswe phantsi iprozi. De kwinkulungwane XIX yonke fiction ekuthiwa umbongo. Namhlanje sisebenzisa eli gama kuphela ngengqiqo nemxinwa ilizwi.

Iimpawu yamaciko

iimbongi Ubuchule - yinto isihobe: imihobe, iibhaladi. Azihli yamandulo, ngayo:

• ubuhle mesmerizing of ephilileyo;
• udlulisela umculo emangalisayo intetho;
• It ubonisa iimvakalelo umbhali, evula ucango kwi ezingontsingontsini umphefumlo wakhe;
• Kuyanceda ukuba siqonde ngcono nabanye abantu bavelane nawo;
• nezamkelekileyo elimnandi;
• It imele into ethile evumela ukuba bazive omnye nendalo.

Oku kufezwa ngokuzisa kuyo dimensions ezintsha, angafunekiyo intetho yemihla ngemihla: imitha, imvano-siphelo, isingqisho. Lo mbutho okungaqhelekanga zentetho ibalaselisa isihobe uhlobo olulodwa ubuchule yoncwadi, ukwahlula kuyo iprozi.

A imbongi kunye imbongi: iiyantlukwano

Namhlanje, ikhompyutha uyakwazi ukukhetha up inani liphezulu izicengcelezo ukudala "obukhulu" oyinyaniso, ebhalwe pentameter iambic okanye. Kodwa imisebenzi enjalo lula ahluka ukusuka imitya copyright. Kunganzima ukuba ngokuba art kunye neentengiso slogans okanye izibongo umbuliso nje, wenza ukuba odola. Ngubani na imbongi kwaye yintoni umahluko yayo nayiphi imbongi?

Yavelisa amagqabi Umbhali usoloko kubalulekile ngokoluvo zokufunda kunye nabasebenzayo ngokwenene. uvavanyo lwabo ngohlobo mazwi: "Wena imbongi lokwenyaniso" - liqondo eliphezulu indumiso kunye nokuqondwa nezakhono. Ziziphi iimeko le ukwanelisa ubuchule bakhe?

• indlela yombhali kufuneka icace kwaye uchukumisa imitya umphefumlo ofundayo.
• Umele abe zizityebi engqondo, cinga ngaphandle imifanekiso ibhokisi.
• Ukuze ukwazi ukubona enkulu kwi eziqhelekileyo, ukufumana izikweko umdla epithets.
• Ukuba umntu ngokweemvakalelo ezivulekileyo, nokuba nako ukubhala intliziyo, hayi ingqondo.
• Nandipha musicality kunye ukuva isingqi.

Iprowuzi neMibongo: iiyantlukwano

Intsingiselo Nakuba ke ngoko ekuthethwa kuye nabani na sikwazi ukuvakalisa iingcinga unobabalo, edlulisa ubuhle izenzakalo ezisemfanekisweni. Kodwa uncwadi kunjalo ekwabelwana ngokucacileyo iindlela indalo ngobuciko, kuquka ababhali kunye ziimbongi. Lo mahluko uphathelene uhlobo ntetho yokucinga nentetho ezinokuthi thaca kwi ifomu tabular:

Ababhali dala iprozi (amabali amafutshane, iinoveli), kunye iimbongi - isihobe. Kodwa ke iinkosi weli gama ngokubanzi.

Abameli best

Phakathi ezakudala yemibongo yehlabathi - Pushkin kunye Lermontov amagama, Pasternak kunye Ascension, wabe kunye Goethe, Byron kunye Petrarch. Ukhankanye ukuba ubuntu babo, unako ukufumana impendulo yombuzo, ngubani na yimbongi. Bonke indalo eliqaqambileyo lokudala, sanikwa ngqondweni etyebileyo kwaye ezibenza bahluke sihlwele ngokweemvakalelo. Ukuba bathanda, into ngenene, okusinda njengesiphango inkanuko, liwuthuthumbisa ngumona, ukungabikho ngokufanayo okanye bokungakwazi yokuhlanganisa ezindaweni zabo. Zabo ingqondo rhythm and lwengoma kubusa zonke line. Ngoko ke akukho ezininzi izenzo zabo lula kuthwalwa yi umculo, ajike imibongo ibe iingoma kunye bothando ingozi.

Buchopho amazwi, ukuba jikelele ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, Pushkin - nombhali omnye imibongo ngopfu "Eugene Onegin" umbongo. Wabhala umdlalo, hayi bayinzala nqanaba ukususela 1870, - "Boris Godunov". Beka umculo yi Mussorgsky, opera kwegama elifanayo zosindiso eli xesha zemiboniso best lomculo weli hlabathi. "Dubrovsky", "ikhephu," "Ntombi I Yomphathi" - iisampulu imisebenzi emihle yobuciko iprozi. Abaninzi bakholelwa inoveli nanto M. Lermontov "uHero Ixesha Wethu". Kodwa kwangaxeshanye kule minyaka-27 uye indishiye osisityebi ilifa kwivesi, athe ngayo ibhekiswe ababhali lyric zaqaqamba kwimbali loncwadi yehlabathi.

Intsingiselo yegama elithi "imbongi 'kwihlabathi lamandulo

Sele kumaxesha amandulo, ababhali bacinga ukuba kufuneka baphumeze umsebenzi wabo ukuze umfundi. Horace (eRoma yaMandulo) wathetha hlakulela ezintle kunye incasa elungileyo. Yiyo ke loo nto umbona wothulelw yokuba ziye zawuthambisa indlela yoluntu kwakudala. Ifom ye umbongo kubalulekile, kwaye kufuneka sibe ngathi, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukugcwalisa isiqulatho ezifundisayo. Ukuze benze oku, ababhali kufuneka bafunde intanda kunye nemvelo yabantu. Le mbongi ayikwazi ukuba laliphakathi nje. umsebenzi wakhe - ukulwela ukuwenza, angahluthiyo noko impumelelo ezincinane.

Ukuqeshwa imbongi

Horace wacinga iphuhlise abameli best lwekhulu uncwadi XVIII-XIX. Pushkin kwimisebenzi ekuqaleni wabeka usukelo kuba inspirer of "ezingcwele wabanumzana", bedumisa leengcinga kunye nobuchule. Kwiminyaka kamva wembongi nemibongo umxholo ibe ngomnye isitshixo emsebenzini wakhe - zaba "umprofeti" zombongo, "imbongi", "Ilitye eliSisikhumbuzo", apho ehlaziyiweyo iimbono zakhe. Ngokutsho kwakhe, imbongi ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye abantu, kodwa batsho ilizwi likaThixo, ufanele sizame ukulungisa kubo. Ethetha emphefumlweni, hayi ingqondo, umbhali lujolise zivuse lomntu intle, yaye oko kumenza umntu.

Lermontov iphuhlise ukuqonda imbongi Pushkin njengommi onyanzelekileyo ukuba ukuhlangabezana isihlwele. Kodwa ke kucacile kuye ukuba kule ubunzima, uya kuhlala yedwa. Le ngxaki ingasombululwa kuphela ukuhlangabezana, ngoko UNikolai Gogol wacebisa ukuba imbongi linyanzelekile ukuba ubone intlungu kunye neminqweno yabantu.

wamagama

Kwi imbongi, kwakunye kombhali, akunakwenzeka ukuba bafunde. Oku umsebenzi okunokufundwa ngokufunda izakhono ezithile. Ngoko ke, kufuneka azalwe, kuba yindlela ekhethekileyo kukuqonda ubomi, ubugcisa, kunye netalente babantu, ukuba akunakuphepheka isiphelo ukuba ayikwazi iphetshwe. Indlela ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo, Ngubani na imbongi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo namhlanje?

UYevgeny Yevtushenko umbongo 's "iqala" ubiza ukoyisa i "ukunqongophala uphawu' yaye 'esithi" kwaye hayi ukuba woyike "izakhono umsebenzi amahlwempu." Abongile lokwenyaniso akanako isikweko ubazi ezinzima zobomi. Umbhali uya kubanjwa njenge umbhali kuphela xa sibona uya ibe bafundi, kwaye kufuneka ukuba sinyaniseke kuye.

ixesha kuphela uza kukuxelela ezixabisekileyo nendlela Imibongo yakhe kuba abantu ngokubanzi hayi kuphela isizukulwana apho elimfaneleyo.