Begonias ezinabileyo: zityalwe ningazicenti emanzini

Begonia itsala begadi zokuhombisa kakhulu, ukuzeka kade eneentyatyambo, kwakunye ithuba yokukhula endle kunye endlwini. Idla ngokusetyenziswa balcony Ukulungisa loggias, ihonjiswe nomnyango walo engundoqo eya kwisakhiwo, utyelwe iibhedi iintyatyambo kunye ezihonjiswe pergolas.

Akukho ayiphucukanga kangako ukhangela njengentyantyambo indlu, yaye oko kumlungele na zangaphakathi. Yobuninzi ngeemilo nemibala begonias ukuba kuye kwahlanganiswa ngempumelelo kunye nezinye izityalo, nje emangalisayo.

Inkcazelo plant

Othanda kunye Connoisseur kwezityalo ezingaqhelekanga, a intendant French Michel Bégon xa walungelelanisa zobuntlola ngezityalo kwi zeCaribbean, akwazi ukucinga ukuba igama lakhe ukutyhubela iminyaka ziya kwaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi. Ngexesha seal umkhankaso uCharles Plumier wafumanisa izityalo ezingaziwayo, leyo wachaza yaye igama ngo-1687 imbeko saint layo umxhasi - begonias. Ivela kweli xesha waqalisa ukulinywa imibala ezintsha yaye intle kunene.

iintlobo begonia ezinabileyo esafunyanwa phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX, owaba umfutho kuphuhliso hybridization. Isiphumo iqela izityalo, eqhubela phambili neentyatyambo ezintle ngokungaqhelekanga. Akukho ukuhlelwa begonias, ukuba zibe phantsi kwemiqathango ethile yahlulwe amaqela zadweliswa ngokobunjani zangaphandle kunye iingcambu.

Phantsi kweemeko zendalo, begonias kukhula eMzantsi Merika, eAfrika Asia. Bona ezixhaphakileyo kumazwe afumileyo, kunye nemida yalo ihlathi okanye sezulu kwiindawo weentaba.

Begonia tuber - isityalo ongatshiyo, ngokuqhelekileyo herbaceous, kodwa maxa wambi kukho amatyholo dereveneyuschie. I sityalo nenyama, amise okanye recumbent, kunye ezalathelwe uphuhliso kubi ngoku. Oku uyakwazi ukufikelela kubude phakathi ngeesentimitha amathandathu.

Amagqabi amanzi futhi kunokuba enkulu zicwangciswe khosi esiqwini yaye ngokufuthi ifomu amilise okwentliziyo. Begonia has a yokudubula paniculate ezimbaxa kunye neentyatyambo dioecious. ngxilimbela ezahlukeneyo babe amathupha ezilula okanye terry ngokubanzi openable. iintyatyambo umbala ezahlukeneyo: tyheli, omhlophe, obomvu, iindidi abangasekhoyo, kunye nezinala okanye umda.

Inkqubo engcanjini yalo sityalo ubuthathaka, phezulu, yaye ngoko ethe kakhulu umgangatho womhlaba kunye ukunkcenkceshelwa. Iifom Begonia tuber kokuba silungiswe amahlumelo, nto leyo esebenza ngayo izakhi source off-lonyaka. Nangona isibakala sokuba eli intyatyambo entle isagquba kwilizwe lethu, abalimi abo basandula kuqalisa abazi nto eveza ngayo.

Begonia zikhuliswa imbewu. Kodwa le ndlela kakhulu anzima kwaye elide. Kakhulu ngokukhawuleza uzokubona obutofotofo lokuntshula begonia tuber wayo, ekhuthazwa izithole. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ukuthatha ngokukhawuleza izithole iingcambu. Oku koko uchaze ngezantsi.

ningazicenti Veliswa begonia ekhaya

izinto andise abalaseleyo zingafumaneka enkcochoyini ihlumelo, thumbanails yi 8-10 cm. ngasinye isiphatho kufuneka izintso ubuncinane ezimbini. Hi ndlela leyi, begonia andise stem izithole - indlela ziqhelekileyo kwaye ethandwa phakathi balimi. Yena ixesha elide, musa ukuba nkqu izityalo abo basandula kuqalisa engahlawulwayo izakhono ezizodwa.

Izithole ugcina zonke iipropati zesityalo lomzali. Ngaloo ndlela, kuyenzeka ukuba diversify ingqokelela yakhe lweentlobo ezinqabileyo kakhulu, nto leyo evenkileni akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba bathenge. Ipesenti izithole lwenkohlakalo liphezulu kakhulu. Phantse zonke iintlobo begonias ezityalwe izithole esiqwini ngempumelelo. Kodwa okona kubalulekileyo begadi ezininzi engahlawulwayo - eneentyatyambo kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva luzimisele.

ningazicenti okupheka

Phambi kokwenza ningazicenti yokuzala begonia (photo ungabona kweli nqaku) Kakade ke, kufuneka ulungiselele kakuhle umbandela lokutyala. Kuya kufuneka ukuba izithole womelele kwaye usempilweni akukho ngaphezu-12 cm. Ngokucelwa yomnini isityalo kunqunyulwa lonke likhaba, okanye phezulu kwayo kuphela.

Imi kufuneka kwenziwe phantsi esiludumbo (indawo esiqwini apho amagqabi ikhule). uyabazingela yokutrima kufuneka incakuba okanye imela ebukhali. Isikere, nkqu kakhulu kakhulu, nathi aliqhawule esikhondweni, uvimba ukufikelela izondlo namanzi izisele. Ukubuya kwaphunyelelwa ngamanzi, kufuneka lisikwe kwi-engile yayiyazi. Kulo mzekelo, indawo cut inyuswe.

Desirably, ubude ayikho iisentimitha ngaphantsi kwe ezimbini. Ukususela kule mali kuxhomekeke ezingcanjini. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana ezinye iintyatyambo, Njengokungeniswa kwesithungu lungohlulwa lube ziinxalenye eziliqela. Kwindawo nganye kubo kufuneka babe izintso ubuncinane ezimbini. Ekugawuleni ukususa iintyantyambo, amagqabi emithi. Uyakwazi ushiye igqabi elinye okanye amabini ngaphezulu.

Amagqabi inkulu, banqunyulwe ngesiqingatha. Amagqabi, iintyatyambo kunye amathupha iyasuswa ukuze ayemka ukusuka ayo izityalo musa kuphazamisana ekuphuhliseni. Ngokungafaniyo begonias vechnotsvetuschey, zityalwe izithole kwakhona enika iziphumo ezilungileyo, izityalo ezinabileyo makafumane ixesha lokuphumula nokomzimba. Ngenxa ukuncitshiswa emini yamahlamvu lwawo. Ngenxa yokwanda ngobude iiyure emini amatswele komhlaba ukunika amahlumelo amatsha, nto leyo kuba izinto kokutyala.

Indlela yokulungisa izithole gaya?

Ngeentyatyambo bathi izityalo ngokwanelisayo ukungafuni begonia ezinabileyo. Zityalwe ningazicenti emanzini ngokuqhelekileyo akuyongxaki, ukuba iyithobele imithetho ethile. Phambi yandisa ningazicenti emanzini, aphathe kunye mziba ukukhula, nayo leyo ukukhusela isityalo izifo ( "Humisol-H", "Gold"). Oku kuya kwandisa amathuba luzimisele, ngokukodwa xa kusetyenziswa igawulwa isiqu ezimbalwa elibuthathaka.

unyango olunjalo kuthintela inkqubo ezibolayo kuyo. Xa usebenzisa bawo ukukhula, sebenzisa kuphela esipilini, imveliso okanye lwawo isitya. Ezi imixube ziveliswa ngokohlobo izisombululo okanye imixube owomileyo. Amacandelo ziditshwe kumxube zigqunywe okanye isepha engumgubo. ixesha yokulungiselela idla kubonisiwe ekwibhokisi.

Banye abantu yaye andise izithole begonia iya kuba nempumelelo ngakumbi emanzini, ukuba stimulator ukukhula ukongeza iivithamini C kunye B1. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iivithamini musa ukunika yifuna. Ngowe-1 ml isisombululo idityaniswe nama-50 mg ivithamin C okanye 20 mg - B1. Enye gram sokulungiselela owomileyo kufuneka ugalelwe 50 mg ivithamin C okanye nge-10 mg - B1. Iivithamini kufuneka ichithwe ngayo imali encinane yamanzi ukwenza isisombululo.

Zokukhuthaza na indawo?

Abalimi abaninzi ukuphucula iingcambu ekwakhiweni usebenzisa bee ubusi zendalo. I ilitha yamanzi kubushushu igumbi, exutywe netispuni yobusi. Eziqwini aqingqiweyo zibekwe ngesitya ze ugalele isisombululo nobusi ukuze ekulo isahlulo sesithathu. Ubude unyango - iiyure ubuncinane ezintandathu. Ubusi, esisityebi kwizimbiwa, kuphula ingcambu Ukwakheka.

Ukukhetha le isitya iingcambu

Xa ukhula amandla umisela iimfuno ezizodwa begonia. Zityalwe ningazicenti emanzini isebenza ngakumbi xa kufuneka ulungiselele isikhongozeli ezenziwe ngeglasi mnyama. Igcina imitha yelanga, ngoko ke amanzi uhlala acocekileyo ixesha elide. Abalimi abanamava musani ukukholwa ukuba kufuneka ngexesha lwenkohlakalo ukuyitshintsha. Ungadibanisa kancinci kuphela imbuyekezo entsha ngumphunga.

kufuneka ibe yintoni na amanzi?

Kwi yokuzala kufuneka kuthathwe izithole begonias care amanzi ukuze kube lula soft (wesikolo bebekwe ngokwahlukeneyo omnye, amanzi emvula okanye lihluzwe) kwiqondo lobushushu igumbi. Abalimi abaninzi Siyaleza ukongeza ijusi zekhala intyatyambo, nto leyo ivuselela enamandla ukukhula zendalo. Oku komeleza inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela izityalo, i division cell esebenzayo ngakumbi, ukukhuselwa ulele izityalo echaphazela iintyatyambo. A iglasi yamanzi, yongeza amathontsi ezintlanu juice esandula oluphumayo.

Inkqubo luzimisele

emizimbeni Veliswa begonias emanzini kuya kufuna nokudalwa iimeko ezizodwa lobushushu (+22 ° C). Ukuze ufumane kwabasebenzi bokuphatha ekhuselweyo elangeni ngqo, kodwa kakuhle ovuthayo ndawo. Amanzi ikuvumela ukuba babukele kunye nophuhliso zezityalo, kunye nexesha sinikele ingqalelo iimpawu lembandezelo.

Ukuba uphawula okwale phezu kwencochoyi esiqwini, amadiza kufuneka zisuswe, wonqanyulwa, isakhiwo sebali pribolevshy, eyomileyo kancinci uze ke ngoko afakwe kwisingxobo ngamanzi ahlaziyekileyo.

Kuhlwayelwe emhlabeni

begonia Young ezityalwe ningazicenti emanzini, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ukunika iingcambu malunga ezimbini ubude. zaye kwaoko zilinywe kwi nqanaba ekhethekileyo begonias. Umxube ingalungiswa ngokuzimeleyo zephepha (okanye Turf) umhlaba, umgquba, umgquba imifuno, wamatye nesanti umlambo erhabaxa, oko kusenziwa ngokwemilinganiselo ngokulinganayo.

Emva kokuba ukufakelwa, akukho Qinisa umhlaba ujikeleza izityalo zobutsha esiqwini, ingakumbi ingcambu njengomqala, ukuba umonakalo iingcambu, noxhamla ubuncwane. nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa otyalwe uthulule nje.

Veliswa begonia ningazicenti leaf

Le yinkqubo ngokwanelisayo nangokufanelekileyo: omnye igqabi zikhula nezityalo ezimbalwa ukusuka. Ezinye iinkcubeko awunayo ezahlukeneyo stem, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba kubo yeyona ndlela iphambili yalo. Lidla kwenziwa zityalwe emizimbeni begonias coral emanzini.

Kwi flower sikanina ufumane amagqabi womelele kwaye usempilweni. Wayiqwenga imela ebukhali okanye blade, usasaze kwindawo oxwesileyo (idla usebenzisa ibhodi ukugawulwa). Ukususela isiseko kwegqabi ukuya imiphetho ukwenza eso basinqumla ngokwahlula inxalenye lamina. Ngamnye kubo kufuneka umthambo ubuncinane enye.

Ebhokisini okanye embizeni, galela isanti umlambo kwaye imanzise ngayo. Amaqhekeza Lay top sheet ukwenzela ukuba ezimbanjeni khaxa ye emazantsi sheet uchukumisa esantini. Inxalenye lamina unako ukubeka ingongoma elibukhali emhlabeni. Xa sisahlula kwipleyiti alusebenzi, unako basasaze igqabi begonia, uyibeka sisonke emhlabeni. Kulo mzekelo, yenza imbobo endaweni ekudibaneni kwe yegazi. Kulapha, kwaye kukho amahlumelo abaselula kunye neengcambu.

Phantsi ngesanti wabeka sphagnum etyumkileyo encinane moss ugalelwe nja-. Le ncwadi iza kubonelela neengcambu izityalo ukufuma eziyimfuneko kunye nezondlo. sheet Ukuzala ne kwezichumiso supplementary kwenzeka ngempumelelo. Ibhokisi izityalo wambu izisongeli zeplastiki bayimisa endaweni kakuhle ovuthayo.

Rhoqo pholisa izityalo humidify umhlaba iyoma wokutshiza. Xa kuvela amahlumelo yokuqala, ngokuthe ngcembe kwandisa ixesha kwakhuthazwa, ukuze isityalo waqalisa eqhele emoyeni. On nobusuku enamafu olufudumeleyo kunye neentsuku window ivulekile kwigumbi apho ukukhula begonias. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela andise Begonia, ungasa izityalo ngeembiza ngamnye iinyanga ezintathu.

ningazicenti Veliswa igqabi oluqhutywa entwasahlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo xa amaqondo obushushu +30 ° C. Ukuba sele unayo i begonia omdala, phinda lokwanda qho emva kweminyaka emithathu, ngayo nayiphi na indlela oyithandileyo.

Kunye embalwa tips ngaphezulu

• ningazicenti nendele are esililini sobukhulu kwimigqomo ebanzi kodwa nzulu.
• Xa umaleko emazantsi kufuneka ukuba abeke ukuhamba kwamanzi (lwezitena ezibomvu okanye ibhloko eziphathekayo enkulu).
• ihlume Young begonias ezinabileyo Amilile ukuze amatswele zibekwe kumgama ngeesentimitha ezimbini kusukwa embizeni.
• Emva kokuba ukufakelwa, beka iimbiza indawo enomthunzi. Lungisa iimbiza kwindawo elikhanyayo kunokuba kuphela ngeentsuku ezintathu.