Zingaphi iintliziyo abe ngwane? Ulwakhiwo ngwane. photo

Ngaba uyazi lukhulu malunga ngwane? Ukongeza, ukuba babe nemilenze ezisibhozo? Ngokomzekelo, ngaba uyazi ukuba bangaphi iintliziyo octopus? Ewe, lo mbuzo ebuzwa uyinyaniso ngokupheleleyo. Ngapha koko, le ngwane intliziyo enye kodwa ezimbalwa! Okanye yintoni ezi zidalwa?

Kodwa nantsi eyona nyaniso. Yaye nje ezintliziyweni ezininzi kangakanani octopus, kodwa ngokubanzi, ukuba inkomo leyo, apho ifumaneka khona.

lembaza enkulu

Ngwane (photo ngezantsi) libhekisela izilwanyana. Ezi zidalwa bahlala kwisithuba elwandle emhlabeni, ukususela kwi Arctic ukuya Antarctic kunye nendawo ophela. Sekunjalo ngwane ungenako ukubathwala amanzi acocekileyo, ubutyuwa Banike kungekho ngaphantsi kwama-30 ekhulwini.

imilinganiso zabo kwakhona ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukusuka iisentimitha ezimbalwa ukuya kwiimitha 6.7. Kodwa yonke i "yokukhula avareji" efanayo kubo - oko kweemitha 1.5-2. Le ngwane inkulu ephilayo kwi kunxweme Colombia: abathile inobunzima 15-20 kg, kunye nemisipha ngokobude yahluka ukusuka kangangeemitha ezi-2 ukuya 2.5, yaye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezulu!

ngwane kakhulu elikhulu yabhaqwa Western eKhanada. Le giant octopus ubunzima 242 eekhilogram, kunye nobude Mpondwana lafikelela kwiimitha ezili-10! Eyoyikekayo, mhlawumbi lo mbono. Ngoku onke amabali malunga oomatrose kraken nako ukutshona emkhombeni, akusekho babonakala amabali nje ezihlambelayo zamaxhegokazi zimangale.

isakhiwo sangaphandle octopus

Octopuses umzimba ethambileyo okweqanda, ambethe ingubo yokwaleka (ulusu-dystrophy sac). I ingubo na ogudileyo, kunye namaqhakuva okanye ukushwabana (ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo octopus). Ngaphakathi, phantsi kwayo, imizimba yazo.

Ingubo naye ukhonza njengendawo yokugcina amanzi. Ekubeni octopus - isidalwa ulwandle, kungekho manzi akakwazi ayisekho. Ukuze baphume elizweni, kwaye ifuna isitokhwe ulwelo. Le Reserve kwanele iiyure ezine. Noko ke, kwakukho amatyala xa ngwane wahlala phantsi emhlabeni ngaphezulu ngemini.

Kwi intloko emehlweni ngwane kaThixo mikhulu, njengezininzi amalungu izidalwa ezinzulu-elwandle, kunye isikwere-ezimile abafundi.

octopus umlomo Small, kunye iperi imihlathi eyomeleleyo. Ngokwangaphandle, yena isuntswana ngathi ngomlomo sisikhwenene yakhe. Ngoko ke, oko kuthiwa - "ngomlomo". Emlonyeni yi izalelwe lolwimi ( "odontofora"). Kumacala omabini mzimba Kwakukhuhlwa, leyo banoxanduva nezokukhupha oksijini kumanzi.

Hands-Mpondwana

Mkani intloko Mpondwana iingalo ezisibhozo olungqonge emlonyeni. Kwicala engaphakathi Mpondwana ngamnye iilekese ngazo ngwane esikwaziyo ephethe gesi okanye malunamathele izinto kwamanzi. Ngesinye "ingalo 'of iilekese kuba ukuya ku-220! An into umdla kukuba wonke lana kufuneka ukuba analyzer olubonakalayo. Ngoko ke ngwane enyanisekilyo: ukwazi ukubona nemilenze yakhe!

Ngwane isikakhulu ekujoliswe zokuhlaselwa iintshaba. Ngoko ke, uhlobo wanika octopuses ukukwazi ukwala imilenze yazo ukuze asinde. Utshaba luya kuba indebe kuphela. Lo mhlaba ke kwinzululwazi ekuthiwa autotomy. izihlunu tentacle ziqala ukuyishwabanisa kakhulu kangangokuba oko kukhokelela komsipha. Ngokoqobo ngosuku olulandelayo inxeba iqala lokuphilisa, yaye ke kwakhona ekhula-. Uthi, njenge untulo. Kodwa ke, ayikho. Noxam uyakwazi ukulahla umsila kuphela kwindawo ethile, akukho ngaphezulu, kungekho ngaphantsi. Kwaye ke ngwane nga ukhipha 'ngesandla' sakhe naphi na ufuna.

Isakhiwo sangaphakathi octopus

Octopuses zinobuchopho enkulu, olukhusela philisi intlala (ukhakhayi). Ubuchopho ubunjwe yezabelo 64 kwaye Ude nokuqala uthinte. Izazi thelekisa ngwane weengqondi engqondweni ikati yasekhaya. Octopuses ayakwazi iimvakalelo kunye smart kakhulu. Zinelungelo memory elungileyo, yaye bakwazi ukwahlula phakathi iimilo zejiyometri.

Njengezinye izidalwa, ukususela octopus badle kwesibindi, isisu, wesinye iphecana emathunjini. Umzekelo, ukuba kuvuleke iminxunya ukuya isisu ingena isibindi nobuchopho. Emphinjeni ibhityile kakhulu, ngoko ngaphambi kokuba ukuginya ukutya, ngwane cute undintlitha "ngomlomo 'yakhe. Ngoko, kakade esiswini ukugaya ukutya ngoncedo yejusi wokudla, ekuthi kwezo nto kuphume isibindi nepancreas. Esiswini, octopus inenkqubo - tsekum, nenoxanduva ukufunxeka kwezondlo. Isibindi octopus - enkulu omdaka elimbhoxo umzimba. Iqhuba imisebenzi ezininzi: ncanca acid, iienzymes, uvelisa kunye noovimba izondlo.

Ngasemva, yaba lukakayi izikhungo lizama - statocysts. It amaqamza ngaphakathi apho ulwelo igcinwa namatye calcareous (statoliths). Xa umzimba ngwane utshintsha indawo kwisithuba, iingqalutye ukuhamba uze wadibana iindonga amaqamza abagubungela iiseli enovakalelo ukubacaphukisa kakhulu ngwane. Ngale ndlela umntu kukhokelwa indawo kungekho kukhanya.

Xa khala ezinqeni okhethekileyo ngwane igcina isitokhwe inks zinetyhefu, ezo iyeza kakhulu. Ulusu (okanye mandithi octopus yokwaleka,) ziqulathe iiseli ezithile: hromotoforam kunye iridiotsistam abazanelisayo ukuba ukukwazi ukutshintsha umbala. I yangaphambili ziqulethe emnyama, abomvu, nangwevu,-orenji kunye zombala ezityheli. Okwesibini livumele ngwane ezinemibala ezimfusa, oluhlaza, okanye oluhlaza zalo umbala.

kakhulu Octopuses phambili kwegazi. Izihlunu kunye nesikhumba kwiindawo ezininzi baye emithanjeni ezinokunceda yisa imithambo ukuya yegazi.

Zingaphi ezintliziyweni octopus

Ngoko ke uze kule umdla imibuzo emininzi. Sele kucacile ukuba ezi abantu abakho intliziyo enye. Kodwa ke yintoni? Mhlawumbi wonke umntu uya kumangaliswa namhlanje. Emva kokuba ngwane 3 iintliziyo. Ezintathu! Akukho namnye abameli ezanyisayo, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, okanye iintaka simanga akunjalo. Ewe, kukho, iintliziyo ezine, njengokuba ezanyisayo,-gumbi amathathu, ezifana emanzini, okanye elinye-gumbi (iintlanzi) kwentliziyo. Kodwa intliziyo enye bonke abantu!

Ngoko kutheni ngwane 3 iintliziyo? Khumbula ukuba intliziyo - isihlunu ukuba ngokusika ngeqondo ethile, yetha igazi kwi-esiphilayo. Ngoko ke, izilwanyana, eziquka octopus, kodwa kakhulu iigilizi "impumelelo": ukuba ukudala elinamandla amelane igazi. Ngoko ke, intliziyo enye nje ukuba ukumelana nayo.

Njani ziyasebenza?

Ngoko ke ngwane iintliziyo ezintathu. Enye into - eyona nto iphambili yokucakaca igazi ngeenxa umzimba octopus. Le intliziyo iquka imithambo emibini kunye ventricle ezincinane. Kwaye enye intliziyo ngakumbi ecaleni iigilizi ngamnye (bona babe ngwane ezimbini). Ezi intliziyo ezincinane. Banceda umsipha engundoqo tyhala igazi ngokusebenzisa iigilizi, apho sele ezaliswe ioksijini, ibuyisela ukuya intendelezo enkulu kwentliziyo. bona 'dj "yaye ke ngoko ngokuba.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuninzi iintliziyo octopus, bonke lwa ngendlela efanayo. Le rhoqo kwezi izishunqulelo kuxhomekeke lobushushu emanzini, nto leyo ubunjalo. Ngoko ke, lo iqatsela loo manzi, icotha isingqi kwentliziyo. Ngokomzekelo, xa amaqondo obushushu 20-22 degrees izihlunu contract ethile amaxesha 40-50 ngomzuzu.

Koko, intliziyo octopus, okanye mandithi intliziyo, asiyiyo phawu kuphela silwanyana. esikhethekileyo kakhulu negazi lakhe. Yena ngeso blue! Le nto ukuba ine transcriptase kokubeka equlathe oxides yobhedu.