Ithafa Russian nobutyebi yaso yendalo

ithafa Russian, okanye Mpuma Yurophu - wesibini Ubude kwithafa ehlabathini, kuphela obuphantsi kancinane ukuya kummandla Amazon. Ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma kuyo wolula oziikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwe-2,500, kwaye ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi - malunga 1,000 kwesekupheleni kumda ithi yayo Western ezifana eUkraine Belarus, kwaye ngakumbi, nommandla wayo wolula phezulu ukuya Urals. platform plain base endala kakhulu egubungele esingxotyeni ilitye lentlenga. Kuphela kwiindawo ezimbini kwiRiphabliki Karelia kunye Kola Peninsula, eli iqonga kokubhalwa kwembali ifikelela umphezulu, uyila ebizwa ngokuba yi- Baltic Shield.

Imozulu amathafa Russian becala alungise, kwaye kuphela bekuyintsika ngasentla egqithiseleyo ongena Arctic. sezulu lwezwekazi komgca ithanda ukuya kwintshonalanga engasezantsi, nakwintshonalanga engasentla. Unyaka-ngeenxa zonke imvula, ngokuqhelekileyo ezinxulumene imimoya ntshonalanga, leyo Bovuthela ivela Atlantic. Apha kuwa ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo nezihlambo zazo Russian Federation. Eyona ziyakwazi kuqwalaselwa njengemithombo yemilambo ezinkulu - Northern Dvina kunye iVolga. Kwaye emathafeni kumntla-ntshona, ezi zindawo amachibi Ladoga, Onega, Chud, Ilmen kunye kwamachibi ezikufutshane ezincinci, uninzi lwazo kwanemvelaphi bobabo kule glacier.

Xa siqwalasela imozulu amadlelo akumazantsi yethafa Russian, kukho imvula phi, ehlotyeni eziyimiqwebedu imimoya rhoqo, ibangela umonakalo omkhulu kuqoqosho lwesizwe.

izibonelelo zemithombo yamanzi yethafa Russian kwakhona ikhephu imvula, ukunyibilika ikhephu kunye ngumkhenkce, spring izikhukula yi. Ngokwendalo, komhlaba nazo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo. Kodwa oku akusebenzi imilambo esemazantsi, ezo nto niphuphuma ngamanzi kunye namandla kwi ngeendleko omhlaba yokuba kulinganiselwe.

Zemozulu isiqabu oluyintsusa kwakhokelela kwicandelo ecacileyo wonke kummandla mathafa kwi kwimimandla yendalo. Ngaphezu koko, kulapha ukuba malunga nama-40 ekhulwini le enengca yelizwe ne-12 ekhulwini utyani. Ke inane, oko kummandla we-East European Plain likhaya phantse amahlanu ekhulwini abemi Russian Federation.

ithafa Russian eyaziyo, ngesisa yobutyebi bendalo. A plus enkulu kuphuhliso lwabo kunye nokusetyenziswa i zobuninzi abantu ndawo.

Iintlobo kwemithombo:

• amanzi

Njengoko sele kuchaziwe, kuloo mmandla mmandla Russian uqhuba inani elikhulu imilambo ezinkulu nezincinci.

Umzila kunazo iVolga. nokubaluleka kwazo kwezoqoqosho kunzima ukuba zazi, t. To. Umlambo inxulumanisa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo noqoqosho lweli lizwe, irrigates iihektare abangaphezu kwezigidi ezibini ezinesiqingatha somhlaba, neziko elibalulekileyo yokuthumela. Ngokwemiqathango imveliso yentlanzi iVolga idlala indima ebalulekileyo.

Ngaphaya iVolga kukho Don, nayo i inkulu imithombo yamanzi eRashiya. imveliso Fish, yokuthumela, kunye nezinye iimfuno zekhaya kunye nezoqoqosho, imibulelo lanelisekile ukuba Don, uthethe ngokubaluleka enkulu kulo mlambo.

ithafa Russian zihlanjwe oMhlophe kunye Black, Baltic kunye neelwandle lweCaspian. Nezokukhupha kwaselwandle, oyile negesi, iiholide zaselwandle kunye namaziko zolonwabo, iihotele kunye iiholide, amazibuko ezibaluleke zamazwe ngamazwe nezengingqi - konke oku kwenza eselwandle ngalinye engaqhelekanga kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu kweli lizwe.

• izimbiwa kunye nezibonelelo zendalo yethafa Russian

Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, intsimbi ekrwada: kwingingqi Kursk, kwiinkalo ezizodwa, iqulathe ukuya kwi-50% loovimba kwabo kweli lizwe. Bauxite ne alumina mmandla odumileyo Belgorod. Phosphate, potash kunye nonikezelo rock ityuwa ukuya kummandla eMoscow Bryansk. Ezi khemikhali ziveliswa kwaye ngokubonakalayo ufumane kuluhlu olubanzi izicelo. Kule mimandla, kwakunye kwi Tula kunye Belgorod, wafumana iminyaka emininzi ayenziwa iidipozithi zezixhobo zokwakha - itshokhwe, isanti zwi, kaolin udongwe, kunye nabanye.

ithafa Russian inikeza ngokwayo namandla imimandla ezingabamelwane - igesi, neoli, umgquba, namalahle. amasimi abo ibekwe kummandla kuMbindi iVolga, imimandla Ivanovo kunye Kostroma.

• imithombo zezilwanyana nezityalo

Ummandla West-European Plain na iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu kuphuhliso amasebe ezinjalo kwezolimo njengoko izityalo kunye nemfuyo. imithombo Ihlathi ngokohlobo iinkuni nokuzingela izibonelelo - into ingeniso ebalulekileyo umba kuqoqosho Russian.