Insufficiency olujikeleza

insufficiency semithambo kwenzeka malunga 1-2% yabo xa bebonke. Loo urhulumente kusoloko ngenxa nasiphi na isifo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oko kukhokelela zezifo sentliziyo nkqubo. Ezi ziquka cardiomyopathy, angina, iposi engabalulekanga, iziphene intliziyo.

Ekubulaleni imisipha intliziyo ichukumisa kukwaphula igazi emzimbeni, ngenxa buthathaka yayo kunye nokwenziwa enganelisiyo umsebenzi wayo sokumpompa amanzi.

insufficiency semithambo iphawulwa njenge imeko zophendlo lwezifo apho kukho ukuhla kwi ufe kwemisipha kakuhle emithanjeni. Oku kudale hypotension, isiphazamiso imbuyekezo lwemithambo kunye ithombo legazi layo.

insufficiency semithambo ngenxa lokuqala izitshanguba uhlobo ukusilela kwentliziyo ekhatshwa organ kunye neempahla asabela engaphephekiyo. Le basabela lubonakala ngokuba ngokwemvelo zembuyekezo. Ngaloo etsolo insufficiency Cardio nemithambo kunye reaction, nto leyo ebonakaliswa ngokohlobo vasoconstriction ukuphendula ifuthe kweendlela pressor. Oku kukhokelela ekwandeni nokumelana nemithambo ixesha elithile, abanye ukwanda kwinqanaba uxinzelelo lwegazi kuqheleke igazi ubonelelo amalungu ezibalulekileyo ebomini. In engapheliyo imeko indawo vasoconstriction iza hypertrophy kweeseli kwezihlunu kakuhle emithanjeni.

Ngenxa zokuncipha iindlela zembuyekezo kwi ukusilela intliziyo, insufficiency nemithambo ujoyina. Oku kunciphisa luvukelo iyonke peripheral, kakhulu ekwandiseni imithambo ezincinane, venules kunye emithanjeni.

Phantse inkqubo nganye apho entliziyweni kufuneka isebenze kuzichasa ixesha elide, okanye umonakalo ezenzeka kwi myocardium, kuphakamisa ukusilela yentliziyo kunye nempahla. Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, kaninzi urhulumente waphawula kwisiqalo kwezifo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo kwimithambo, isifo sentliziyo valvular (ezifunyenwe kwaye iziphene), myocarditis, ubume unesifo, cardiomyopathy. Ukongeza, esi sifo zenzeke izifo izitshanguba pathways ezidalwe indalo, isondlo azanelanga.

Unobangela kakhulu rhoqo yokufa (amatyala 80%) ngexesha isifo sentliziyo izifo kwemithambo.

Ukuze esi sifo kukhokelela yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Iingcali ngamaqela ezintathu ezingundoqo zinto etiological.

Iqela lokuqala luquka izinto ukuba abe neziphumo ngqo umonakalo kwi the myocardium. It kungaba ngokomzimba, amanye amachiza (umzekelo, libanda, iziyobisi). Ukongeza, iziphumo ngqo umonakalo ngayo, yaye izinto eziphilayo (buthi, magciwane, nezinambuzane).

Iqela lesibini yezizathu iquka ezenza ukuba bawaphikise i sindisa lomlinganiswa lefildi elisebenza. Ezi zibandakanya ukwanda kakhulu kwi umthamo wegazi efikayo entliziyweni ( "umthamo omninzi"). Oku kwenzeka xa kwentliziyo wevalufa insufficiency, ubukho extracardiac kunye intracardiac shunts, kwaye hypovolemia. eninzi izinto engabalulekanga kwandisa nokumelana phezu ejection ukusuka em- igazi intliziyo ( "ukuxinana xi"). Kulo mzekelo, ukusilela sentliziyo senzeka phambi kwe hypertrophy engabalulekanga. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba hypertrophy kwenzeka kwisebe emzimbeni, nto leyo uphumeza umsebenzi kakhulu.

Kwaye ke iqela lesithathu iquka ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo zinefuthe ukuzaliswa kakuhle ventricular ukuzala. Le meko ibangelwa nokuhla ubukhulu becala ezi ajikelezayo umthamo wegazi (ngexesha ukothuka eyomeleleyo okanye ilahleko igazi), kunye nokuhlukunyezwa kwi ukuphumla ukuzala intliziyo ngexesha ucinezelo bolwelo yalo leyo isuke kwi pericardium (igazi, transudate, exudate).